Incazelo kanye nezinhlobo zokuvikelwa komzimba

Kuyaziwa ukuthi izindawo zensimbi zezimoto kumele zifakwe ama-anti-corrosion agents. Iqiniso ngukuthi noma unakekelwa ngokucophelela, umzimba uhlala uthonywa izinto zangaphandle zomzimba nezamakhemikhali, njengomphumela wokugqwala. Ukumbozwa kokulwa nokugqwala kusiza kakhulu ukunweba impilo yomzimba kanye nemoto isiyonke.

Kuyini ukugqwala, kungani kwakheka futhi kungani kuyingozi?

Ukugqwala kungukucekelwa phansi kwensimbi ngenxa yokusabela kwayo kwamakhemikhali ngamanzi nomoya-mpilo. Ngenqubo yokunyakaza, indawo engavikelekile yomzimba nezinye izingxenye zihlala zivezwa ukucindezela kwemishini futhi zihlangana nomoya, oqukethe umoya-mpilo.

Imvula yasemkhathini nayo ineqhaza ekungeneni komswakama osensimbi, nasezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo emotweni, umswakama uyahwamuka isikhathi eside. I-ayoni iphendula ngamanzi ne-oxygen ukwakha ukugqwala okuyingozi.

Ukugqwala kungenye ye "izifo" ezimbi kakhulu zomzimba. Ukusabalala kwayo kuholela ekwehleni kwesakhiwo semoto futhi kunciphise izinga lokuphepha kokungqubuzana.

Izindawo eziningi ezisengozini

Umzimba, ngenxa yokwakheka kwawo okuyinkimbinkimbi, ugijimela ngokungalingani. Izindawo ezisengozini kakhulu zifaka:

1. Izinsimbi. Ukushisela akukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuqina okuphelele kwezingxenye, ngakho-ke kuhlala kukhona ama-microcracks ezindaweni ezivulekile. Ngomswakama ongaguquki, kusezindaweni zokushisela lapho kwakhiwa khona izikhungo eziyinhloko zokugqwala.
2. Ngezansi, imengamo yamasondo, ama-niches nama-sills. Lezi zindawo zihlala zivezwe udaka, isihlabathi namatshe. Lapho imoto ihamba ngejubane, umthelela womzimba uyabonakala kakhulu, ukuze ukugqwala kwakheke ngokushesha okukhulu.
3. Injini ne-qeda uhlelo. Injini egijimayo inezinga lokushisa eliphakeme, elihluke kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa elikhona. Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa njalo nakho kuyonakalisa.
4. Ingxenye yangaphakathi yomzimba. Ingaphakathi liba lula ukungcola futhi linomswakama ngisho nangemva kohambo oluncane.

Zonke lezi zindawo zidinga ukuvikelwa okuhlukile, ngoba izimbangela zokugqwala azifani.

Kungani ukucutshungulwa okwengeziwe komzimba uma kwenziwa efektri?

Abashayeli abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi izimoto ezindala kuphela ezine-mileage ehlaba umxhwele ezingatholwa ukugqwala, futhi izimoto ezintsha azidingi ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kokulwa nokugqwala. Eqinisweni, lokhu akunjalo, ngoba ukucubungula komkhiqizi kungenzeka kakhulu ukuvikela imoto ekulimaleni kwasefektri.

Ezimweni zangempela, imoto ihlale ivezwa yizinto ezinolaka: umswakama ophakeme, amakhemikhali emigwaqweni, kanye nemvula ene-asidi.

Umenzi kuyaqabukela ecabangela ithonya lalezo zimo, futhi, ikhwalithi yokucubungula kwefektri ayinayo izinga elamukelekayo ngaso sonke isikhathi.

Izimoto eziningi zifakwa ngosawoti ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa, noma kunjalo, lesi silinganiso naso asisiyo indlela yokugqwala. Ubukhulu besendlalelo se-zinc sincane kakhulu, ukuze ukulimala okuhlukahlukene kwemishini kanye nomthwalo wokudlidliza kuwonakalise kalula.

Izinhlobo zokuvikelwa

Ukuvikela imoto, izinhlobo eziningi zokwelashwa okulwa nokugqwala zakhiwe:

1. Kuyasebenza. Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa imikhiqizo esebenzisana nensimbi nokuxosha umswakama.
2. Ukwenziwa. Lokhu kufaka ukuvikelwa kwesithiyo, okusetshenziswa kuzo izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokumbozwa noma kwamapeshi.
3. Ukuguqula. Kufaka phakathi imikhiqizo esiza ukuqeda ukugqwala osekuvele kuvela emzimbeni.
4. Kuyinkimbinkimbi. Kusho ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela eziningana ngasikhathi sinye.

Ukuvikelwa kwe-Electrochemical kwesinye isikhathi kubhekiswa esigabeni esehlukile.

Indlela ye-Electrochemical

Indlela ephumelela kakhulu ongazuza ngayo umphumela ophakeme ofanayo nowokwenza i-galvanizing. Ingqikithi yale ndlela ilele izici zokuhamba kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwensimbi, i-oxygen namanzi.

Ngokwemithetho ye-physics kanye ne-chemistry, kuyadingeka ukwenza umehluko kumandla kagesi. I-elementi enamandla amakhulu ifakwa i-oxidized, kuyilapho i-elementi enamandla aphansi incipha.

Ngakho-ke, ukuvikela insimbi ku-oxidation, kunikezwa amandla amabi kuyo. Ubuhle bale ndlela umphumela wokulwa nokugqwala noma ezingxenyeni ezinzima zomzimba.

Ukuvikelwa kwamaCathodic

Esikhathini esiningi, ukuvikelwa kwama-electrochemical kwenziwa ngendlela ye-cathodic. Kulokhu, insimbi yomzimba ithola amandla amabi futhi ibuyiselwe. Ukuze ubeke amandla, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukudlula kwamanje, okwenziwa kusetshenziswa idivaysi ekhethekile.

Imodyuli ye-elekthronikhi ehambelanayo ingathengwa noma yenziwe ngesandla, bese ifakwa egumbini lomgibeli futhi ixhunywe kwinethiwekhi yokugibela.

Idivayisi kufanele ivalwe ngezikhathi ezithile, ngoba umphumela omubi uyabonakala ngokushintsha okunamandla okunamandla.

Njenge-anode - isici esizoba namandla amahle futhi sibhekane namachibi - ungasebenzisa igalaji lensimbi noma ubeke phansi endaweni yokupaka evulekile. Lapho imoto ihamba, i-anode iyisisekelo somgwaqo: ngenxa yalokhu, kwanele ukunamathisela umugqa wenjoloba onezakhi zensimbi ku-bumper. Lapho ushayela, kwenzeka umehluko ongaba khona phakathi komzimba nomgwaqo.

Ukuvikelwa kwe-Anode

Uma usebenzisa ukuvikelwa kwe-anodic, kuyadingeka ukufaka amapuleti wethusi, i-aluminium noma i-zinc emzimbeni, okuzoxhuma futhi "kudonse" inqubo yokubhujiswa uqobo. Njengomthetho, zibekwa phezu kokufakwa kwamalambu, udaka, indawo yangaphakathi yama-sills noma iminyango. Ububi bale ndlela ukufakwa kwamapuleti, angakwazi ukumboza umzimba wonke.

Izindlela zokuvimbela

Ukugqwala kuvame ukwenzeka ezindaweni ezithile ezivame ukuthintana namanzi noma zilimale ngokomzimba. Izindawo ezinjalo zingamane zivalwe ngezithiyo zemishini, ezizokwehlisa kakhulu izinga lokuvela kwayo.

Njengomthetho, okulandelayo kuyizithiyo:

1. Ama-primers akhethekile nama-mastics, amboza kahle ubuso bomzimba.
2. Ukumbondelana kwepulasitiki. Imvamisa, kufakwa ama-fenders akhethekile emasondweni amasondo, izisekelo nezansi leminyango zivaliwe ngamakhithi omzimba, kukhona nezinto zepulasitiki noma ulwelwesi lwe-leatherette emaphethelweni angaphambili nangemuva we-hood.
3. Yokuvikela ngocwazi. Ukusetshenziswa kwefilimu eyenziwe nge-vinyl noma i-polyurethane. Umzimba, ombozwe ifilimu, uvikeleke ngokwethembeka ematsheni, ekulimaleni okuncane okuhlukahlukene, ukuvezwa yilanga nomswakama.

Imvamisa, abashayeli bahlanganisa izindlela eziningana zokuvikela izithiyo ngasikhathi sinye.

Kuhlanganiswe ukugqwala ukuvikelwa

Indlela ehlanganisiwe ifaka phakathi ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela eziningana zokulwa nokugqwala. Isibonelo, ungasebenzisa izimbondela zepulasitiki nokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali axosha umswakama. Abanye abanikazi bezimoto bakhetha ukusebenzisa ukuvikelwa kwe-cathodic nama-primers akhethekile.

Noma iyiphi imoto ijwayele ukugqwala, futhi ukumbozwa kwemboni akuyona i-ejenti elwa nokugqwala enokwethenjelwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukunweba impilo yomsebenzi womzimba, kufanele ivikeleke ngokuphelele ekubhujisweni cishe kusukela ekuqaleni kokusebenza kwemoto.