Idivayisi ejwayelekile ye-Hydraactive hydropneumatic suspension, isimiso sokusebenza kanye nezindleko zokulungisa

Noma yikuphi ukumiswa kwemoto kuqukethe izakhi ezinwebekayo, ukuthambisa kanye neziqondiso. Abakhiqizi balwela ukuletha izakhiwo ze-node ngayinye eduze ngangokunokwenzeka kokuhle kwethiyori. Yilapho kuvela khona ukushiyeka kwezinto eziphilayo zezixazululo ezivame ukusetshenziswa, njengeziphethu, iziphethu kanye nama-oil hydraulic shock absorbers. Ngenxa yalokho, amanye amafemu anquma ukuthatha isinyathelo esikhulu, esebenzisa i-hydropneumatics ekumisweni.

Ukuthi Ukumiswa Kwe-Hydroactive Kwaba Khona Kanjani

Ngemva kokuhlolwa okuningi ngokumiswa kwemishini esindayo, okuhlanganisa amathangi, uhlobo olusha lwe-hydromechanics lwahlolwa ezimotweni zabagibeli zakwaCitroen.

Ngemva kokuthola imiphumela emihle ngokumiswa kwangemuva okunolwazi emishinini eyayivele yaziwa ngaleso sikhathi ngomklamo wayo oguquguqukayo onomzimba we-monocoque kanye ne-front-wheel drive. I-Front-wheel Drive, isistimu entsha ifakwe uchungechunge ku-Citroen DS19 ethembisayo.

Impumelelo yaba ngaphezu kwakho konke obekulindelwe. Imoto isithandwa kakhulu, kuhlanganise ngenxa yokumiswa okubushelelezi ngendlela engavamile nokuphakama komzimba okulungiswayo.

Ama-elementi, ama-node nezindlela

Ukumiswa kwe-hydropneumatic kuhlanganisa izakhi ezinwebekayo ezisebenza ku-nitrogen ecindezelwe kungcindezi ephezulu, futhi impontshelwa impilo yonke yesevisi yesiphethu somoya.

Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuyona into elula yokushintsha insimbi ngegesi ecindezelwe, into yesibili ebalulekile iphinde ihlukaniswe ne-nitrogen ngolwelwesi oluguquguqukayo - uketshezi olusebenzayo olusesimweni sawoyela okhethekile we-hydraulic.

Ukwakheka kwama-elementi amisiwe kuhlukaniswe cishe ku-:

• i-hydropneumatic wheel struts (imikhakha yokusebenza);
• i-accumulator yokucindezela egcina amandla okulawula ukumiswa sekukonke (i-main sphere);
• izindawo ezengeziwe zokulungiswa kokuqina ukunikeza izakhiwo zokumiswa zokuzivumelanisa;
• iphampu yokumpompa uketshezi olusebenzayo, okokuqala eqhutshwa injini, bese kuba ngogesi;
• uhlelo lwama-valve kanye nezilawuli zokulawula ukuphakama kwemoto, ezihlanganiswe zibe okuthiwa amapulatifomu, eyodwa nge-axle ngayinye;
• imigqa ye-hydraulic ephezulu yokucindezela exhuma wonke ama-node kanye nezakhi zesistimu;
• amavalvu kanye nezilawuli ezixhumanisa ukumiswa kwesiteringi namabhuleki kamuva kwehliswa kulokho kuxhunywa;
• iyunithi yokulawula ye-elekthronikhi (ECU) enekhono lokusetha ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga lesimo somzimba.

Ngokungeziwe kuma-elementi e-hydropneumatic, ukumiswa kuphinde kwafaka amayunithi endabuko ngendlela ye-vane engumhlahlandlela, akha isakhiwo esiphelele sokumiswa okuzimele.

Umgomo wokusebenza kokumiswa kwe-hydropneumatic

Ukumiswa kwakusekelwe endimeni equkethe i-nitrogen ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu, cishe ama-atmospheres angama-50-100, ehlukaniswe ulwelwesi oluguquguqukayo noluhlala isikhathi eside olusuka ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic oluhlanzekile, olwasebenzisa kuqala uwoyela wamaminerali aluhlaza ohlobo lwe-LHM, futhi kusukela esizukulwaneni sesithathu, waqala ukusebenzisa i-orange LDS synthetics.

Imikhakha yayiyizinhlobo ezimbili - ukusebenza nokuqongelela. Izinhlaka ezisebenzayo zafakwa ngesikhathi esisodwa esondweni ngalinye, ulwelwesi lwazo lwaxhunywa kusuka ngezansi kuya ezindongeni zamasilinda e-hydraulic ukumiswa, kodwa hhayi ngokuqondile, kodwa ngokusebenzisa uketshezi olusebenzayo, inani nokucindezela okungashintsha.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, amandla adluliselwa ngoketshezi kanye nolwelwesi, igesi yacindezelwa, ukucindezela kwayo kwanda, ngaleyo ndlela yasebenza njengento enwebekayo.

Izici ezidambisayo zama-racks asebenzayo kusuka kusilinda kanye nendilinga zaqinisekiswa ngokuba khona kwama-valve e-petal nezimbobo ezilinganisiwe phakathi kwazo, ukuvimbela ukugeleza kwamahhala koketshezi. Ukungqubuzana kwe-viscous kuguqule amandla engeziwe awenza ukushisa, okudambise ama-oscillations okuba umphumela.

I-rack yasebenza njenge-hydraulic shock absorber, futhi iphumelela kakhulu, njengoba uketshezi lwayo lwalungaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu, ayizange ibilise noma igwebe.

Ngokusho kwesimiso esifanayo, base beqala ukwenza i-gas shock absorbers eyaziwayo kuwo wonke umuntu, okubavumela ukuba babhekane nemithwalo esindayo isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokubilisa amafutha nokulahlekelwa izakhiwo zabo.

I-Throttling of the flow was multi-stage, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwesithiyo, ama-valve ahlukene avuliwe, ukuqina okuguquguqukayo kwe-shock absorber kushintshile, okuqinisekisa ukugijima okushelelayo nokusetshenziswa kwamandla kuzo zonke izimo.

Ukuze uvumelane nezakhiwo zokumiswa, ukuqina kwayo kungashintshwa ngokuxhuma imikhakha eyengeziwe emgqeni ovamile ngokusebenzisa ama-valve ahlukene. Kodwa okwakumangalisa kakhulu kwakuwukubonakala kwesistimu yokuqapha izinga lomzimba kanye nokulawula okubhaliwe kokuphakama kwayo.

Imoto ibikwazi ukubekwa endaweni eyodwa kwezine zobude, ezimbili zazo bezisebenza, ezijwayelekile nezinokwenyuka kwemvume yaphansi, nezimbili ukuze kube lula. Endaweni engaphezulu, kwakungenzeka ukulingisa ukuphakamisa imoto nge-jack ukuze ushintshe isondo, futhi endaweni ephansi, imoto igobe phansi ukuze kube lula ukulayisha.

Konke lokhu kulawulwa iphampu ye-hydraulic, ngomyalo we-ECU, ukwandisa noma ukunciphisa ukucindezela ohlelweni ngokupompa uketshezi olwengeziwe. Ama-valve okuvala angalungisa umphumela, ngemva kwalokho ipompo yavalwa kuze kube yilapho kudingeka khona.

Njengoba ijubane landa, ukunyakaza ngomzimba ophakanyisiwe kwaba okungaphephile futhi kungakhululekile, imoto yanciphisa ngokuzenzakalelayo imvume, idlula ingxenye yoketshezi ngemigqa yokubuya.

Amasistimu afanayo aqaphe ukungabikho kwama-rolls emakhoneni, futhi anciphisa ukuchotshozwa komzimba ngesikhathi sokubhuleka nokusheshisa. Kwakwanele nje ukwaba kabusha uketshezi emigqeni ephakathi kwamasondo e-asi eyodwa noma phakathi kwama-ekseli.

Ukumiswa kwe-HYDROPNEUMATIC, KUYINI ukupholisa kwayo nokuthi kungani KUHLUKE

Izinzuzo nokungalungi

Ukusetshenziswa kwegesi njengento yokumiswa okunwebekayo kufanele kubhekwe njengenketho efanelekile.

Ayinakho ukungqubuzana kwangaphakathi, ine-inertia encane futhi ayikhathali, ngokungafani nensimbi yeziphethu neziphethu. Kodwa ithiyori ngeke ihlale isetshenziswa ngempumelelo egcwele. Ngakho-ke ukushiyeka obekulindelekile okwavela ngokuhambisana nezinzuzo zokumiswa okusha.

Izinzuzo:

• ukuhamba okuhle kakhulu, izimoto ze-Citroen ezine-hydropneumatic suspension sekuyisikhathi eside zibhekwa njengezindinganiso kule ngxenye;
• ithuba lokulungiswa okusheshayo kanye nokuzenzakalelayo kokuphakama kokumiswa;
• ukuqina okuguquguqukayo, kufaka phakathi ukuzivumelanisa nokuzenzakalelayo;
• ukuhambisana okuhle nezinhlobo eziqinisekisiwe ze-vane yomhlahlandlela, isimiso se-MacPherson kanye nezixhumanisi eziningi zazivame ukusetshenziswa.

Umthengi:

• ubunzima bokusebenzisa ngendlela engokoqobo, kwadingeka izinto ezintsha kanye nobuchwepheshe;
• intengo ephezulu ngenxa yesethi enkulu yemishini;
• ekusebenzeni, ukuqina okuphansi, nakuba ngokuyisisekelo akunqunyelwe;
• izindleko eziphezulu zokulungiswa nokugcinwa;
• izinkinga zokwethenjelwa.

Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yokukhiqiza, i-cons yayisenkulu kakhulu. Ebhekene nokuncintisana okuphansi, uCitroen wayeka ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwe-hydropneumatics ezimotweni zebhajethi.

Lokhu akusho ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwayo, izimoto ezibizayo ezivela kwabanye abakhiqizi ziyaqhubeka nokunikeza lolu hlobo lokumiswa okunethezeka okuguquguqukayo njengezinketho zenkokhelo.

Intengo yokulungisa

Imishini eminingi ene-hydropneumatic suspension iyaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa. Kodwa zithengwa emakethe yesibili kunalokho ngokungathandi. Lokhu kungenxa yezindleko eziphezulu zokugcina izimoto ezinjalo zisesimweni esihle.

Ama-sphere, amaphampu, imigqa yokucindezela okuphezulu, ama-valve kanye nezilawuli ziyahluleka. Intengo ye-sphere evela kumkhiqizi ohloniphekile iqala kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingu-8-10, eyangempela cishe iphindwe izikhathi ezine nengxenye. Uma iyunithi isasebenza, kodwa isivele ilahlekelwe ingcindezi, ingafakwa kabusha cishe izinkulungwane eziyi-1,5-2.

Izingxenye eziningi zitholakala ngaphansi komzimba wemoto, ngakho-ke zihlushwa ukugqwala. Futhi uma kulula kakhulu ukushintsha indawo efanayo, khona-ke uma ukuxhumana kwayo kuba muncu kakhulu, khona-ke lokhu kuphenduka kube yinkinga enkulu ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa umzamo omkhulu. Ngakho-ke, intengo yesevisi ingase isondele entengo yengxenye ngokwayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungavela ubunzima obuningi lapho kususwa amapayipi avuzayo ngenxa yokugqwala. Isibonelo, ithubhu ephuma epompo idlula kuwo wonke umshini, ukudilizwa kwezobuchwepheshe kwezingxenye eziningi kuyodingeka.

Intengo yokukhishwa ingafinyelela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20, futhi ayinakubikezelwa ngenxa yokugqwala kwazo zonke ezinye izinsimbi.

Uketshezi olusebenzayo lwanoma yikuphi ukulungiswa nokugcinwa ludingeka njalo futhi ngamanani abalulekile. Intengo iqhathaniswa namafutha okuhambisa okuzenzakalelayo, cishe ama-ruble angu-500 ilitha ngalinye le-LHM kanye nama-ruble angaba ngu-650 we-LDS synthetics.

Ishintsha ama-sphere, ama-hydraulic accumulators Citroen Xantia 1

Ukushintsha izingxenye eziningi, ngokwesibonelo, lezo ezihlobene namapulatifomu, okungukuthi, ukulungisa ukuphakama komzimba, nezintsha ngokuvamile akwenzeki ngokomnotho. Ngakho-ke, siqongelele ulwazi oluningi ekubuyiselweni nasekulungisweni kwezingxenye.

Ukuthi ukunethezeka kwezimoto ezindala kuwufanele ukunakekelwa njalo kokumiswa - wonke umuntu uyazinqumela.