Ngidinga ukugqekezwa kwemoto entsha, ukuthi ngiyenza kanjani ngendlela efanele izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi, ukuhanjiswa okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokuhanjiswa okwenziwa ngesandla
Okuqukethwe
Lapho uthenga imoto entsha, noma yimuphi umnikazi, ngisho oqalayo, ucabanga ukuthi anganweba kanjani ukusebenza kahle kwemoto kanye nezingxenye zayo, ukusunduza ukulungiswa ngangokunokwenzeka ngaphandle kwewaranti. Ukugijima kahle kwezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu - injini nokudlulisa - kungasiza ekwandiseni impilo yesevisi yezingxenye eziyinhloko zokuthutha.
Kuyini ukugqekezwa kwemoto ngamagama alula
Ukugijima emotweni entsha kuyinqubo lapho ukugaywa okufanele kwawo wonke amayunithi amakhulu, imihlangano emikhulu kanye nezingxenye kwenzeka.
Abakhiqizi abaningi bezimoto benza lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "okubandayo" ngaphambi kokufakwa emotweni, kodwa le nqubo yenziwa ngezindlela zokulondoloza, ezingavamile ukufezeka esimweni sangempela.
Gijimani emotweni noma cha, konke okuhle nokubi
Ukugijima komshini kwenziwa ngendlela eyongayo, engeke isenze sibe sibi kakhulu isimo sezingxenye nezingxenye. I-break-in iphikiswa kakhulu ngabamele abakhiqizi, bethi izimoto zanamuhla azidingi imingcele ekusebenzeni kusukela kumakhilomitha okuqala, futhi zonke izinqubo ezidingekayo zenziwa efektri (ukugqekeza okubandayo).
Abakhiqizi abaningi babonisa imingcele ethile ekusebenzeni kwemoto entsha, abaningi babo batusa ukudlula i-MOT engu-zero.
Yini eyenza imoto igqekezwe:
- ukushelela okuthambile kokuqina kwezingxenye ngaphandle kokwakheka okungenzeka kwama-scuffs;
- ukunqwabelana kwezingxenye ezihambayo zezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene;
- ukuhlanzwa kwamashaneli kawoyela kanye nayo yonke injini yomlilo yangaphakathi kusuka kuma-chips okungenzeka noma izingxenye zangaphandle;
- ukugaya ama-brake discs nama-pads, kamuva (ngemuva kuka-200-250 km) azohlinzeka nge-braking enhle kakhulu;
- ukuhlonza amaphutha noma amaphutha akhona;
- ukulungisa amathayi amasha kanye nokwenza ngcono ukubamba kwawo phezulu.
Isikhathi sokugqekeza silinganiswa ngamakhilomitha futhi singu-1000-5000 km, kuye ngomkhiqizi, futhi kunconywa ukuphula injini yedizili kabili kunekaphethiloli.
I-Zero MOT, okuhle nokubi, kudlule noma cha?
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwemoto entsha, izakhi ezihambayo ziboshwe, futhi ama-chips angakheka enjini, engena ku-oyela namafutha isihlungi. Ekunakekeleni okungu-zero, ngaphezu koshintsho lukawoyela we-inter-interval, amazinga azo zonke izinto eziwuketshezi ezisebenzayo ayahlolwa, uma kunesidingo, ayashintshwa noma afakwe phezulu. Baphinde bahlole ingaphakathi, izingxenye zomzimba, ugesi, isimo sezinhlelo zokugijima kanye namabhuleki.
Ukuhlola nokugcinwa kwangaphandle kwesevisi okunjalo akuphoqelekile, kodwa lapho kukhona iziphambeko ezincane, ukuhwalala okuphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezibalo zedizayini kumayunithi enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, inqubo enjalo ifanelekile.
Ukushintsha uwoyela ngemva kokugqekezwa kwenjini evuthayo kunganweba ukuphila kwenjini, njengoba ama-chips (uma ekhona) azokhishwa ohlelweni lokugcotshwa kwenjini, okuzonciphisa amathuba okuthola amaphuzu kanye nokucekelwa phansi okwengeziwe kwezingxenye.
Indlela yokulungiselela kahle ukugqekezwa kwemoto entsha
Imoto entsha idinga ukulawula ngokucophelela izici zomuntu ngamunye, ngoba uma umshado ongenzeka ungatholakali ngesikhathi, imiphumela ngeke ibe mnandi kakhulu.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kokugqekeza, kanye nansuku zonke ngesikhathi sokudlula, kufanele:
- hlola izinga lamafutha enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, izinga loketshezi olusebenzayo kufanele libe phakathi phakathi kwamamaki;
- hlola izinga lamabhuleki kanye nokupholisa;
- gcwalisa imoto ngophethiloli wezinga eliphezulu;
- hlola indawo yenjini kanye nephansi, kanye nendawo engaphansi kwayo ukuze uthole ama-smudges.
Indlela yokugqekeza kahle injini
Esinye sezici eziyinhloko zemoto injini, okudinga ikakhulukazi ukugijima ngokucophelela, okuyisihluthulelo sokusebenza okuhle kwesikhathi eside ngisho nangaphezu komkhawulo wewaranti, amandla amakhulu kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwephethiloli ephansi kanye neminye imingcele.
Okuyingozi kakhulu enjini yimithwalo esindayo, ehlanganisa ukushayela ngegiya eliphezulu ngesivinini esiphansi futhi kucindezele kakhulu i-gas pedal (isibonelo, ukushayela ngegiya lesi-5 ngesivinini esingeqile ku-70 km / h; ukushayela ukhuphuka ngesivinini esiphansi (esingaphansi ezingaphezu kuka-2000), ikakhulukazi ngesisindo esengeziwe.
Izincomo eziyisisekelo zokusebenzisa izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi:
- ungazami ukufeza ukusebenza kwesivinini esiphezulu;
- gwema ukushayela isikhathi eside ngesivinini noma ngesivinini esifanayo;
- akufanelekile ukukhama i-accelerator pedal yonke indlela;
- I-rpm enconyiwe ngesikhathi sokugqekeza iphakathi kuka-2500-4000 km (kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwenjini), kepha kunconywa ukuthi ungadluli ku-3000-3500 engxenyeni yokuqala yokugqekeza;
- gwema ukuhlala isikhathi eside;
- susa injini braking;
- gwema ukusheshisa okuguquguqukayo, ukubhuleka kungazelelwe kanye nokudlikiza ngenkathi ushayela;
- gwema ukushayela ngesivinini esiphansi;
- ungalayishi imoto, ungasebenzisi i-trailer futhi ungabeki abagibeli abaningi;
- hlola izinga likawoyela nsuku zonke, kufanelekile ukulihlola imizuzu engama-3-5 ngemuva kokuma kokuhamba endaweni eyisicaba, kufanele uphathe amafutha amancane nawe ukuze ugcwalise;
- uma kungenzeka, gwema ukushayela endaweni engabambi kahle (ukungcola, isihlabathi, iqhwa noma iqhwa eliningi) ukuze ugweme ukulayisha ngokweqile injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ngesikhathi isebenza.
Izinyathelo zokugijima zokudlulisa
I-transmission iyiyunithi yesibili ebaluleke kakhulu emotweni. Idivayisi yayo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, inezinto eziningi ezihambayo nezihlikihlayo, ngakho-ke kufanele uqikelele ngokuphatha ibhokisi.
Ukungena ngokucophelela kokudlulisa kuzonweba impilo yesevisi yayo engenazinkinga futhi kubuyisele emuva ukulungiswa okubizayo isikhathi esihle.
Ukudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo
Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kuyindlela eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu edinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela nokusebenza ngokucophelela. Kungcono ukulinda kancane, ukushayela ngokufanele, kunokukhipha ukulungiswa okubizayo, okuyiqiniso, okuzokwenzeka ngemva kokuphela kwewaranti.
Isincomo sokugijima ku-gearbox ozishintshayo:
- ngaphambi kokushayela, ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kufanele kufudunyezwe kuze kufike ekushiseni okusebenzayo ukuze kufinyelele ukuvumelana okufunayo koketshezi lokudlulisa, ebusika kungathatha imizuzu eyi-10;
- kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa imodi yokukhahlela;
- qaphela ukuthi imodi yokungathathi hlangothi ayivuli lapho ushayela, okungenzeka ngenxa yokuncipha kokucindezela koketshezi lokudlulisela lapho kushisa, okubangela ukucindezela emhlanganweni weplanethi;
- gwema ukushelela kwesondo;
- kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi ugijime ku-othomathikhi ngaphandle kwedolobha, ukuze ugweme imodi yokushayela e-jerky;
- gwema ukuthwala izinto ezisindayo noma inqwaba yabagibeli;
- ngazo zonke izindlela ezingenzeka ukugwema ukushisa ngokweqile kokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo phakathi namakhilomitha okuqala angama-500 ngenxa yokuthi izingqimba ezingaphezulu zama-friction discs, i-hydraulic transformer nezinye izingxenye zomhlangano weplanethi ziqhutshwa ngaphakathi;
- uma ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kunikezwa isevisi, i.e. ihlinzeka ngokushintshwa koketshezi oludlulisayo, ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukufaka uketshezi olusebenzayo ukuze kukhishwe ama-chips okungenzeka noma ezinye izingxenye zangaphandle kulo.
Ukudluliswa kwamagama
Ibhokisi lomshini libhekwa njengelingenasizotha ekusebenzeni futhi linomthombo omude. Kodwa ngisho kunconywa ukuthi ugijime ngokucophelela kumakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa zokuqala.
Amathiphu okungena kahle kokudluliswa mathupha:
- kuyadingeka ukuqala ukunyakaza nokuthatha isivinini ngokushelela, ukuguqula izinyathelo ngesikhathi esifanele;
- kuyadingeka ukuvula isivinini ku-transmission manual ngokushelelayo nge-clutch pedal ecindezelekile ngokugcwele, ukugwema ukunyakaza okungazelelwe noma ukusebenzisa imizamo ebalulekile;
- phakathi kwamakhilomitha ayinkulungwane yokuqala, kunconywa ukuthi ungahambi ngesivinini esingaphezu kuka-80-90 km / h futhi ngamagiya aphezulu (4,5,6);
- kuyadingeka ukushintsha izinyathelo ngayinye ngayinye futhi ngesikhathi esifanele; lapho ugijima, akunconywa ngokwehlukana ukuthi ugxume ngesivinini (isibonelo, kusukela ku-4 kuya ku-2, kusukela ku-3 kuya ku-5);
- ngesikhathi sokugqekeza, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa imodi yokushayela ebushelelezi, uma kungenzeka, gwema ukukhuphuka okude noma ukuhamba emigwaqweni enokumbozwa kabi;
- ngemva kokuphela kokusebenza kokudluliswa kwemishini, ngeke kube okungaphezu kwamandla okushintsha ngokuphelele uketshezi olusebenzayo olukuyo ukuze kukhishwe amashidi ensimbi noma ezinye izinto zangaphandle ebezingakheka ngesikhathi kugqitshwa amayunithi okudlulisa ngesandla.
Imoto entsha idinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela nokunakekelwa okufanele, ikakhulukazi phakathi namakhilomitha ayinkulungwane yokuqala, lapho izingxenye ezihlukahlukene kanye nemihlangano ihlanganiswa.
Inqubo yokugqekeza ilula, kodwa ukuqaliswa kwayo okufanele kuzonweba impilo yezingxenye eziyinhloko futhi kusize ukugwema ukuwohloka okuningi. Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokugqekeza ziwukuqapha nsuku zonke uketshezi olusebenzayo nokugwema ukucindezeleka enjinini yomlilo yangaphakathi kanye nokudlulisa, okufanele ulandele izincomo ezilula ezichazwe ngenhla.
