Inhloso yohlelo lwe-CVVT enjinini

Umthetho wesimanje wezemvelo ubophezela abakhiqizi bezimoto ukuthi bathuthukise izinjini ezingcono, bathuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwazo futhi banciphise ukukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi kumagesi akhipha umoya. Abaqambi bafunda ukulawula izinqubo ezamukelwa ngaphambilini ngamapharamitha okuhweba amaphakathi. Enye yentuthuko enjalo uhlelo lweValve Valve Timing (CVVT).

CVVT uhlelo design

I-CVVT (i-Continuous Variable Valve Timing) iyisistimu enezikhathi zevalvu eguquguqukayo eqhubekayo ekuvumela ukuthi ugcwalise amasilinda ngokushaja okusha. Lokhu kufezwa ngokushintsha izikhathi zokuvula nezokuvala ze-valve yokungena.

Uhlelo luhlanganisa isekethe ye-hydraulic ehlanganisa:

• Lawula i-valve ye-solenoid;
• isihlungi se-valve;
• Idrayivu iyi-clutch ye-hydraulic.

Zonke izingxenye zesistimu zifakwe ekhanda le-cylinder yenjini. Isihlungi kufanele sihlanzwe noma sishintshwe ngezikhathi ezithile.

I-CVVT ama-hydraulic couplings angafakwa kukho kokubili okufakwayo nakuzo zombili izigxobo zenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi.

Uma ama-phase shifter efakwe kuma-camshafts okungenisa nawokukhipha, le sistimu yesikhathi yamavalvu izobizwa ngokuthi i-DVVT (I-Dual Variable Valve Timing).

Izingxenye zesistimu ezengeziwe zihlanganisa izinzwa:

• Isikhundla kanye nesivinini se-crankshaft;
• Izikhundla ze-camshaft.

Lezi zakhi zithumela isignali ku-ECU yenjini (iyunithi yokulawula). Lesi sakamuva sicubungula ulwazi futhi sithumela isignali ku-valve ye-solenoid, elawula ukunikezwa kukawoyela ku-clutch ye-CVVT.

Idivayisi ye-clutch ye-CVVT

I-hydraulic clutch (phase shifter) inenkanyezi emzimbeni. Iqhutshwa ibhande lesikhathi noma iketango. I-camshaft ixhunywe ngokuqinile ku-rotor yokuhlanganisa uketshezi. Amakamelo kawoyela atholakala phakathi kwe-rotor ne-clutch housing. Ngenxa yokucindezela kukawoyela okukhiqizwa yiphampu kawoyela, i-rotor ne-crankcase zinganyakaza zihlobene.

I-clutch iqukethe:

• Rotor;
• i-stator;
• iphini lokumisa.

Iphinikhodi yokukhiya iyadingeka ekusebenzeni kwezishintshi zesigaba kumodi ephuthumayo. Isibonelo, lapho umfutho wamafutha wehla. Ishelela phambili, ivumela i-hydraulic clutch housing kanye ne-rotor ukuthi ikhiye endaweni emaphakathi.

I-VVT ilawula ukusebenza kwe-valve ye-solenoid

Lo mshini usetshenziselwa ukulungisa ukunikezwa kukawoyela ukuze kubambezeleke futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuvulwa kwama-valve. Idivayisi iqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo:

• I-Plunger;
• isixhumi;
• Intwasahlobo;
• Ezezindlu;
• Valve;
• Izivulo zokuhlinzeka, ukuhlinzeka nokukhipha uwoyela;
• Ukubamba.

Iyunithi yokulawula injini ikhipha isignali, ngemva kwalokho i-electromagnetic ihambisa i-spool ku-plunger. Lokhu kuvumela amafutha ukuthi ageleze ngezindlela ezahlukene.

Indlela uhlelo lwe-CVVT olusebenza ngayo

Umgomo wokusebenza kwesistimu ukuguqula indawo yama-camshafts ahlobene ne-crankshaft pulley.

Uhlelo lunezindawo ezimbili zomsebenzi:

• ukuvulwa kwe-valve kusengaphambili;
• Ukulibaziseka kokuvula i-valve.

Phambili

Iphampu kawoyela ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi idala ingcindezi esetshenziswa ku-CVVT solenoid valve. I-ECU isebenzisa i-pulse width modulation (PWM) ukulawula indawo ye-valve ye-VVT. Lapho i-actuator idinga ukusethelwa ku-engeli ephezulu engaphambili, i-valve iyanyakaza futhi ivule iphaseji likawoyela liye ekamelweni elingaphambili le-CVVT hydraulic clutch. Kulokhu, uketshezi luqala ukuphuma ekamelweni le-lag. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhambisa i-rotor nge-camshaft ehlobene nezindlu endaweni ephambene nokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft.

Isibonelo, i-clutch angle ye-CVVT uma ingenzi lutho ingu-8 degrees. Futhi njengoba i-angle yokuvula i-valve engumshini yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ingu-5 degrees, empeleni ivula i-13.

I-Lag

Umgomo ufana nalokhu okuchazwe ngenhla, noma kunjalo, i-valve ye-solenoid, ekubambezelekeni okukhulu, ivula umzila wamafutha oholela ekamelweni lokulibaziseka. . Kuleli qophelo, i-rotor ye-CVVT ihamba ngendlela yokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft.

Umqondo we-CVVT

Uhlelo lwe-CVVT lusebenza kulo lonke uhla lwesivinini senjini. Ngokuya ngomkhiqizi, i-logic yomsebenzi ingase ihluke, kodwa ngokwesilinganiso ibonakala kanje:

• Idling. Umsebenzi wesistimu ukuzungezisa i-shaft yokungenisa ukuze ama-valve okungenisa avuleke kamuva. Lesi sikhundla sinyusa ukuqina kwenjini.
• Isivinini senjini esimaphakathi. Uhlelo ludala isikhundla esimaphakathi se-camshaft, esinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nokukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi ngamagesi okukhipha amandla.
• Isivinini senjini esiphezulu. Uhlelo lusebenzela ukukhiqiza amandla aphezulu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-shaft yokungena iyazungeza ukuze ama-valve avuleke kusenesikhathi. Ngakho, uhlelo luhlinzeka ngokugcwaliswa okungcono kwamasilinda, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo.

Indlela yokulondoloza uhlelo

Njengoba kunesihlungi ohlelweni, kuyanconywa ukuthi usishintshe ngezikhathi ezithile. Lesi isilinganiso samakhilomitha angama-30. Ungakwazi futhi ukuhlanza isihlungi esidala. Umthandi wemoto angakwazi ukuphatha le nqubo ngokwakhe. Ubunzima obukhulu kuleli cala kuzoba ukuthola isihlungi ngokwaso. Abaklami abaningi bawubeka emgqeni kawoyela kusukela empompini kuya ku-valve ye-solenoid. Ngemuva kokuthi isihlungi se-CVVT sihlakaziwe futhi sihlanzwe kahle, kufanele sihlolwe. Isimo esiyinhloko ubuqotho begridi nomzimba.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isihlungi sintekenteke impela.

Ngaphandle kokungabaza, uhlelo lwe-CVVT luhlose ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenjini kuzo zonke izindlela zokusebenza. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwesistimu yokuthuthukisa nokubambezela ukuvulwa kwama-valve okuphuza, injini iyonga kakhulu futhi inciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi. Iphinde ikuvumela ukuthi unciphise isivinini sokungenzi lutho ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukuzinza. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlelo lusetshenziswa yibo bonke abakhiqizi bezimoto ezinkulu ngaphandle kokukhetha.