Kungenzeka yini ukuqala umshini othomathikhi kusuka ku-pusher? Kusukela ku-theory kuya ekusebenzeni!
Ebusika, ibhethri elifile liyinkinga evamile. Ngokunjalo, abashayeli babhekene nenkinga yokungakwazi ukuqala injini. Indlela elula kuleli cala ukuqala imoto "kusukela pusher". Kungenzeka yini ukuqala imoto nge-othomathikhi ephuma ku-pusher? Isihloko sethu sanamuhla ku-autoportal Vodi.su sinikezelwe kulolu daba.
Kungani imoto ingaqali?
Ibhethri efile ingesinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani injini ingaqaliswa. Empeleni, uma ibhethri ifile, indlela elula yokuqala ukuyikhanyisa kwelinye ibhethri. Lokhu kwenziwa kanjani, sibhale ngaphambilini kuVodi.su. Kodwa iyunithi yamandla ingase ingaqali ngenxa yokunye ukungasebenzi kahle:
- i-starter gear (i-bendix) ayihlanganisi ne-flywheel ye-crankshaft;
- isihlungi sikaphethiloli esivalekile noma iphampu yamafutha ehlulekile;
- amakhandlela awanikezi inhlansi, izinkinga ngesistimu yokushisa.
Injini ingase ingaqali futhi ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile. Ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, izingxenye zensimbi ziyakhula futhi zijame amapiston noma ama-valve. Ngisho noma uyeka injini iphole, ukuyiqala kabusha kuzoba yinkinga. Lokhu kwehluleka kubonisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yokupholisa.
Ingqikithi yokuqala injini usebenzisa "pusher" indlela
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani kunganconywa ukuqala izimoto nge-othomathikhi noma i-CVT gearbox ngale ndlela, udinga ukuqonda isimiso sale nqubo. Ngesikhathi sokuqala okuvamile, ukushaja okuvela ebhethri kunikezwa kusiqalisi, i-bendx ihlangana negiya le-crankshaft futhi iyijikeleze. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-voltage isetshenziswa ohlelweni lokuthungela futhi ipompo likaphethiloli liyaqala. Ngakho-ke, ama-pistons amasilinda aqhutshwa ngezinduku zokuxhuma ze-crankshaft.
Kuyo yonke le nqubo, u-gearbox unqanyulwa enjinini, okungukuthi, usegiyeni elingenasici. Lapho injini iqala ukusebenza kahle, sishintshela egiyeni lokuqala, futhi umfutho udluliselwa kubhasikidi we-clutch noma i-torque converter uma kwenzeka kuba nama-automatic transmissions. Hhayi-ke, kusukela ekudlulisweni, isikhathi sokunyakaza sidluliselwa ku-axle yokushayela futhi imoto iqala ukuhamba emgwaqweni.
Manje ake sibheke indlela yokuqalisa i-pusher. Nakhu konke kuhamba ngendlela ehlehla ncamashi:
- amasondo aqala ukujikeleza kuqala;
- umzuzu wokunyakaza udluliselwa ekudluliseni;
- bese sishintshela egiyeni lokuqala futhi ukujikeleza kudluliselwa ku-crankshaft;
- ama-piston aqala ukuhamba phezulu naphansi futhi lapho kungena uphethiloli nezinhlansi, injini iyaqala.
Odabeni luka-gearbox oshintshwayo, akukho okuyingozi kakhulu enjinini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-othomathikhi inomshini ohluke ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke uma uzama ukuqala injini ngale ndlela, ingaholela ekulimaleni okukhulu.
Ungaqala kanjani imoto nge-othomathikhi ephuma ku-pusher futhi kungani kungathandeki ukwenza lokhu?
Masisho zisuka nje ukuthi kunconywa ukuqala injini usebenzisa le ndlela elandelayo kuphela ku-gearbox "efudumele". Okusho ukuthi, uma uzithola usehlane, injini imile futhi ayikho enye indlela yokuqala.
Ukulandelana kwezenzo:
- hambisa isikhethi sokungathathi hlangothi;
- sinamathisela ikhebula kwenye imoto, iqala ukuhamba futhi ithuthukise isivinini okungenani esingama-30 km / h;
- vula i-ignition;
- sishintshela egiyeni eliphansi;
- sicindezela igesi - ngokombono injini kufanele iqale.
Sicela uqaphele ukuthi akunangqondo ukumane ucindezele imoto nge-othomathikhi, ngoba ukuqala okuphuthumayo "kusuka ku-pusher" kufanele kudalwe ingcindezi ethile ebhokisini, lapho ama-disks okudlulisela axhunywe khona enjini. Futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngesivinini esingaba ngu-30 km / h. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuma-othomathikhi amaningi, iphampu kawoyela enesibopho sokudala ingcindezi iqala kuphela lapho injini isebenza.
Kwamanye amamodeli ezimoto, isisetshenziswa esizishintshayo esishintshayo siyahluka kwejwayelekile. Isibonelo, ku-othomathikhi ye-Mercedes-Benz kukhona amaphampu kawoyela amabili - ku-shafts yokuqala neyesibili. Uma uqala "kusuka ku-pusher", yi-shaft yesibili eqala ukujikeleza kuqala, ngokulandelana, ipompo iqala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukupompa amafutha, yingakho izinga lokucindezela elifunayo lidalwe.
Kunoma yikuphi, uma ngemva kwemizamo emibili noma emithathu yokuqala injini yehlulekile, yeka ukuhlukumeza ibhokisi. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokufika lapho uya khona ukushayela iloli elidonsayo ukuze lilayishe ngokugcwele noma kancane imoto endaweni yesikhulumi. Khumbula ukuthi akukhuthazwa futhi ukudonsa izimoto nge-othomathikhi - sesivele sibhale ngalolu daba kuVodi.su.
Ngakho-ke, ukuqala injini "kusuka ku-pusher" kungenzeka kuphela kwamanye amamodeli emoto. Kodwa umshayeli uthatha umthwalo wemfanelo ogcwele, ngoba akekho ongaqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-checkpoint ngemva kwenqubo enjalo.
Iyalayisha...
