Kungenzeka yini ukuqala imoto ngo-gearbox ozishintshayo osuka ku-pusher

Umbuzo othi, ungayimisa yini imoto emshinini uyiphusha, iba usizo noma nini uma imoto eshintshwayo ihlala phansi futhi ibhethri ayishaji noma isiqalisi singasebenzi. Amanuwali ezimoto eziningi athi lokhu akukwazi ukwenziwa, kodwa isimo asicaci kangako. Impendulo yombuzo wokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuqala umshini kusuka ku-pusher incike ohlotsheni lokudlulisela okuzenzakalelayo kanye nobuqili bomklamo wayo.

Ngakho-ke, ezimweni eziningi, ngeke kusebenze ukuqala imoto nge-othomathikhi edonsayo, njengoba itholakala kumakhenikha. Kodwa uma imodeli yakho ingenye yezinto ezihlukile, ukuqala injini evuthayo yangaphakathi kusuka ku-pusher kungenzeka.

Izinhlobo zokudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo nezici zazo

Abanye abanikazi bezimoto bacabanga ukuthi abakhiqizi bazibuyisela kabusha ngokuvimbela ukuqala umshini othomathikhi "kusuka ebhokisini", kodwa akunjalo. ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani kungenakwenzeka ukuqala umshini kusuka ku-pusher, nokuthi ungayenza kanjani ezimweni ezingavamile, udinga ukuhlolisisa kancane kumbono.

Ungawuqala kanjani umshini kusuka ku-pusher: ingxenye yethiyori

Ungayiqala kanjani imoto nge-automatic transmission yezinhlobo ezahlukene kusuka ku-pusher

Imfuneko yokuqala injini yemoto isuka ekudonseni ukuxhumana kwayo okuqinile namasondo. Kwi-manual transmission, i-crankshaft ixhunywe ku-input shaft nge-friction clutch disc, bese kuthi i-drive shaft iye kweyishayelwa (futhi ifika emasondo) ngamagiya axhunywe ama-coupling. Ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zokudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo, lokhu kuxhumana okuqinile akukho ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, ezichazwe ngezansi.

Umshini wokuguqula i-torque

I-classic hydraulic automatic transmission ixhunywe kumotho hhayi nge-clutch friction, kodwa ngesiguquli se-torque (i-donut). Kuyo, ukujikeleza kudluliselwa ku-shaft yokufaka (eyinhloko) ye-gearbox ngenxa yengcindezi yokugeleza kawoyela okwakhiwa yi-impeller ehamba phambili futhi isebenza kulowo oshayelwayo. ukuze injini yakhe uxhumano ne-shaft, kufanele ithole umfutho ngaphezu kokungenzi lutho. Lesi yisizathu sokuqala sokuthi kungani umshini ungaqalwa usuka ku-tow.

Uhlelo lwedivayisi yokuguqula i-torque

Ukushintsha igiya ku-automatic transmission akwenzeki ngezinduku zemishini eziqinile, kodwa kusetshenziswa ama-hydraulic mechanisms. ukuze ijubane livuleke, uwoyela (ATF) osebhokisini kumele ube ngaphansi kwengcindezi. Futhi ingcindezi ekhona idalwe yipompo ku-shaft yokufaka, ephonswa injini. Yize ingekho i-pressure, ama-clutch egiya ayanqamuka kanti i-output (secondary) shaft, ehambisa amasondo emasondweni, ayixhumene neyokuqala.

Okungukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-shaft yesibili iphuma kanjani emasondweni, iphampu ku-primary ngeke ikwazi ukujikeleza, ngeke kube nengcindezi yokuvula isivinini. Futhi uma lingekho igiya elibanjisiwe, ngeke kube khona ukudluliswa kokuzungezisa eduze kweketango “i-shaft yesibili - amagiya okudlulisa - i-input shaft - donut - crankshaft”. Yingakho impendulo yombuzo wokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuqala ibhokisi elizenzakalelayo kusuka ku-pusher ngokuvamile libi.

Indawo yokuhlola iRobotic

I-robotic gearbox (i-manual transmission) iwukuguquguquka kokudluliswa okujwayelekile okwenziwa ngesandla, lapho umshayeli engashintshi amagiya nge-lever, kodwa ikhompyutha ngokusebenzisa ama-servos. Ngakho-ke, ngokwengqondo kungenzeka ukuqala imoto kusuka pusher emshinini onjalo. Kodwa ekusebenzeni, lokhu kunzima ukukusebenzisa, ngoba i-servo kufanele ithole umyalo wokuvula igiya. Futhi ngaphandle kwenjini egijimayo, ingakwenza lokhu kuphela ezimotweni lapho isiqalo esiphuthumayo sisuka ekudonsaneni sihlinzekwa ngabathuthukisi, kanye nokudluliswa kwezandla kwezizukulwane zakuqala. Ngakho-ke, akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuqala umshini onjalo kusuka ku-pusher.

I-CVT

I-variator (CVT) iwukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo okuguquguqukayo okuqhubekayo okuxhunywe enjinini ngesiguquli setorque efanayo (idonathi) noma isethi yama-clutch (i-automatic clutch). Isilinganiso segiya kuyo siyashintsha ngokushintsha ububanzi bama-conical pulleys, ukushayela nokushayelwa. Umholi uxhunywe injini, isigqila sixhunywe amasondo. Ububanzi bama-pulleys, njengezilinganiso zegiya ekudluliseni okuzenzakalelayo kwakudala, buyashintsha ngaphansi kwengcindezi kawoyela. Uma ingekho, ibhande lingashelela eduze kwama-pulleys, ngenxa yalokho, ibhokisi lizohluleka ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke i-variator cishe iyisiqinisekiso esingu-100% sokungenakwenzeka kokuqala kusuka ku-pusher.

Amacala lapho ungaqala umshini kusuka ku-pusher

Kwezinye izimo, impendulo yombuzo wokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuqala imoto othomathikhi kusuka pusher kuyoba - YEBO. Kodwa lokho cishe okuhlukile kulo mthetho. Ungakwazi ukuqala imoto kusuka pusher emshinini othomathikhi, uma sikhuluma onobuhle ubudala:

I-lever ye-automatic robotic gearbox. Amandla okuqalisa ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kusuka ku-tug akuncikile ekusebenzeni kwayo, kodwa kudivayisi

• Mercedes-Benz W124, W126, W140, W460, W463 kanye nezinye onobuhle nge automatic transmission onobuhle 722.3 futhi 722.4;
• ezinye izimoto zaseMelika kusukela kuma-80s kanye nama-90s;
• amanye ama-japanese amadala afana ne-mitsubishi, i-toyota ngaphambi kokukhishwa kwama-90s.

Isimo esijwayelekile esikuvumela ukuthi uqale ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kusuka ku-pusher kulezi zimo ezingenhla ukuba khona kwepompo yesibili yamafutha ebhokisini. Ngokungafani neyodwa eyinhloko, ngokuvamile etholakala ohlangothini lwe-shaft yokufaka, itholakala emsila futhi ixhunywe ku-shaft okukhiphayo. Uma ipompo elinjalo likhona, lapho imoto idonswa, iqhutshwa ngamasondo futhi iyakwazi ukudala ingcindezi, okwanele ukuvula isivinini.

ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuqala ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo kusuka ku-pusher esimweni esithile, udinga ukwazi imodeli yayo futhi uthole umdwebo ku-intanethi. Kumele ihlolwe ukuthi ikhona yini ipompo yesibili yamafutha ngemuva kwebhokisi. Njengoba kungenakwenzeka ukuqalisa imoto ezenzakalelayo ngaphandle kwesiqalisi lapho kungekho futha elinjalo, udinga ukubheka ezinye izindlela zokuphuma.

futhi isibonelo esisodwa somshini othomathikhi ongaqalwa kusuka ku-pusher yi-Lada AMT 2182. Lena "i-robot", okuyinto ngokujwayelekile ifana nemishini ye-VAZ (eyaziwa nangokuthi "amashizolo"). , kodwa inamadrayivu e-servo. Onjiniyela banikeze ithuba lokwethulwa kwayo okuphuthumayo.

Ungayiqala kanjani imoto ezenzakalelayo ngebhethri efile noma isiqalisi esiphukile

Ukuqala imoto nge-automatic transmission from a tow

Lapho umnikazi wemoto ene-automatic transmission enombuzo wokuthi ungaqala kanjani imoto ezenzakalelayo uma ibhethri ifile, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuthola imodeli yebhokisi. Kungaba kuhle uma ungathola imiyalelo, noma ubheke umdwebo wepompo yesibili kawoyela exhunywe ku-shaft okukhiphayo.

Isimo sesibili sokuqala ukuba khona kwemoto yesibili (ohambeni) kanye nentambo yokudonsa. Lokhu kuyimpoqo, ngoba kungenangqondo ukuqala u-gearbox ozishintshayo usuka ku-pusher ngomzamo womuntu kuphela. Umuntu ngeke akwazi ukucosha ijubane alifunayo, noma agcine ijubane. Ngakho-ke, ukudonsa kuphela kuyadingeka.

Ukulandelana kwezenzo zokuthi ungaqala kanjani imoto kusuka ku-pusher emshinini

Uma ibhokisi liyimodeli efanelekile, linepompo, futhi kukhona nomsizi wenye imoto, udinga ukuqala kahle injini ngokudonsa kanje:

1. Bopha imoto edonsayo kanye nemoto edonsayo ngentambo.
2. Vula ukuthungela ngokusetha ukhiye endaweni yesibili.
3. Setha i-lever yokudlulisela okuzenzakalelayo endaweni engathathi hlangothi.
4. Nikeza umyalo emotweni edonsayo ukuba ihambe.
5. Ukuthatha isivinini esingaba ngu-30 (umkhuhlane) noma 50 (ngebhokisi le-gearbox elifudumele) km / h bese uhamba ngalelo jubane cishe umzuzu ngokungathathi hlangothi.

Udinga ukulinda iminithi ukuze iphampu yakhele ukucindezela. Udinga ukuhamba ngokushesha "kuyashisa", ngoba i-viscosity yamafutha iyancipha ngokushisa okwandayo futhi ukucindezela okudingekayo kuthatha isikhathi eside ukwakha.

6. Ngemva kokudala ingcindezi, faka igiya lesibili (indawo ephansi yelever) bese ucindezela incibiliko yegesi iye phakathi.
7. Lapho nje injini evuthayo yangaphakathi iqala, vula i-neutral futhi unikeze umshayeli odonsayo isignali ukuthi ame.

Ungawuqala kanjani umshini kusuka ku-pusher: ividiyo

Uma okokuqala kungasebenzi, kufanelekile ukunikeza imoto ukuphumula okuncane (imizuzu emi-5) bese uzama futhi. Kodwa uma lesi sikhathi singazange siphumelele, kungcono ukungazami ukuqalisa imoto nge-othomathikhi yokudlulisa kusuka ku-pusher, njengoba ungakwazi ukubulala ibhokisi!

Le ndlela isebenza kwaMercedes endala nezinye zezimoto ezishiwo ngenhla. Kodwa kuyafaneleka ngempela ukuyisebenzisa uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kokuqala. Ngoba, uma kukhona enye imoto eduze ohambeni, ukuqala umshini kusuka ku-pusher ngebhethri efile kungaba yingozi ngokungenangqondo. Kuyoba okuphephe kakhudlwana ukuthi ibhokisi livele “likhanyise”, liboleke ibhethri elisebenzisekayo nelishajwayo, noma lisebenzise isithuthukisi somshini.

Ungaliqala kanjani irobhothi i-Lada AMT 2182 kusuka ku-pusher

Onjiniyela be-VAZ badala ibhokisi elizenzakalelayo futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo banakekele ukuqala kusukela ekudonseni lapho ibhethri ifile noma i-starter iphukile. Ukuqala imoto nge-manual transmission 2182 akunzima kakhulu kune-transmission manual. Ukuze wenze lokhu udinga:

Ungayiqala kanjani i-Lada ku-othomathikhi kusuka ku-pusher

1. Namathisela emotweni edonsayo, misa imoto ethambekeni, cela umsizi ukuthi ayiphushe noma ame eduze komnyango womshayeli ovulekile wena.
2. Shintsha i-ignition bese ubeka i-lever endaweni engathathi hlangothi.
3. Nikeza umsizi isignali noma uqale ukuphusha imoto ngokwakho.
4. Ngemva kokuthola isivinini esingu-7-8 km / h, gxuma endaweni yabagibeli (uma uziphusha), vula i-lever ukuze ubeke indawo engu-A.
5. cindezela kancane i-accelerator pedal.

Ngemva kwalokho, ibhokisi kufanele uvule igiya lokuqala noma lesibili futhi injini izoqala.

Ngakho-ke kungenzeka yini ukuqala umshini kusuka ku-pusher?

Ngeshwa, ezimweni eziningi uzothola impendulo engeyinhle embuzweni wokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuqala imoto ku-pusher uma kukhona gearbox othomathikhi, ngoba ukwakheka kwayo akukuvumeli ukuba uqale injini nganoma iyiphi enye indlela ngaphandle owendabuko. Iningi labanikazi abanenhlanhla beMercedes endala. Babekezelela le ndlela yokuqalisa izimo eziphuthumayo ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi kakhulu ngenxa yokuba khona kwepompo yesibili kawoyela.

Okufanayo kusebenza nakwezinye izimoto ezifakwe ipompo ye-gearbox eyengeziwe exhunywe ku-shaft yesibili. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuqala umshini ovela ku-pusher ngaphandle kwesiqalisi, qiniseka ukuthi uthola imodeli ye-gearbox efakwe emotweni yakho, bheka imidwebo nemiyalo yayo. kuphela ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi le futha yesibili itholakala, ungazama ukuqala umshini kusukela pusher.

Uma ungazi ukuthi imuphi u-gearbox osemotweni, futhi futhi uma kuyi-CVT noma irobhothi lesimanje le-DSG, ungazami nokuwuqalisa umshini ku-pusher! Amathuba enhlanhla mancane, futhi ingozi yokuphula ibhokisi inkulu.

Akufanele futhi uzame ukuqala umshini kusukela ku-pusher ezimotweni ezidonsa ngawo wonke amasondo ezinama-plug-in clutch ku-transmission (ama-crossovers amaningi esimanje angu-4WD). Ngokuvamile akunakwenzeka ngisho ukudonsa, ngoba ukudluliselwa kwehluleka ngokushesha kulokhu.

Phakathi kwabanikazi "amarobhothi", abanikazi beLada nge-gearbox 2182 babenenhlanhla kakhulu. Ukuqala lo mshini kusuka ku-pusher akunzima kakhulu kunomshini. Kodwa ukuphusha iLadas ehlome ngeJatco JF414E automatic transmission noma JF015E CVT nakho akuvumelekile.

Uma imoto yakho ingangeni ngaphansi kwanoma yikuphi okuhlukile okujabulisayo okubalwe, kungcono ukucela othile ukuthi "ayikhanyise", alethe ibhethri noma isiqalisi, noma ashayele iloli elidonsayo aliyise lapho lilungiswa khona. Kuzoba ishibhile kunokulungisa umshini obizayo.