Ingabe ushukela ungawuhambisa ugesi?

Okuqukethwe

Ingabe ushukela ungawudlulisela ugesi?
I-Chemistry ye-molecule yeshukela
Ushukela wamanzi - ingabe akhona ama-ion amahhala?
Ingabe ushukela uhambisa ugesi emanzini?
Ushukela wesimo esiqinile - uyawuhambisa ugesi?

Uma ucabanga ngento engahambisa ugesi, ushukela awuyona into yokuqala efika engqondweni, kodwa iqiniso lingase likumangaze.

Ushukela usetshenziswa ekudleni okuningi, okuhlanganisa amakhekhe noshokoledi. Yakha isixazululo sikashukela emanzini futhi ihlukanise kalula. Kodwa abantu abaningi namanje abaqiniseki ukuthi isisombululo sikashukela sidlulisela ugesi noma cha, nakuba sonke sazi ukuthi izixazululo ze-electrolyte, njengesisombululo se-aqueous se-NaCl, zenza. Njengochwepheshe kagesi onolwazi olunothando lwekhemistri, ngizofaka lesi sihloko nezihloko ezihlobene nalo kulo mhlahlandlela.

Isifinyezo esifushane: Isixazululo sikashukela asiwubambi ugesi. Ama-ion amahhala adingekayo ukuthwala ugesi awekho esixazululweni sikashukela. Amabhondi e-Covalent abamba ama-molecule kashukela ndawonye, awavimbe ekuhlukaneni nama-ion amahhala emanzini. Ngenxa yokuthi ayincibilikisi ama-ion mahhala njengesixazululo se-electrolyte, isisombululo sikashukela sisebenza njengesivikeli.

Ngezansi ngizokwenza ukuhlaziya okujulile.

Ingabe ushukela ungawudlulisela ugesi?

Impendulo ithi CHA, isixazululo sikashukela asiwuhambisi ugesi.

Isizathu: Ama-ion amahhala adingekayo ukuthwala ugesi awekho esixazululweni sikashukela. Izibopho eziqinile zibamba ama-molecule kashukela ndawonye ukuze angahlukani nama-ion eselula emanzini. Isixazululo sikashukela siyi-insulator ngoba, ngokungafani nesisombululo se-electrolyte, asihlukanisi ama-ion amahhala.

I-Chemistry ye-molecule yeshukela

Ifomula: C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁

Ama-athomu e-carbon angu-12, ama-athomu e-hydrogen angu-22 nama-athomu omoya-mpilo angu-11 akha i-molecule yemvelo eyaziwa ngokuthi ushukela. Ushukela unefomula yamakhemikhali: C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁. Ibizwa nangokuthi i-sucrose.

Ushukela oyinkimbinkimbi i-sucrose, i-lactose ne-maltose zinefomula yamakhemikhali evamile - C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁

Elinye ikhemikhali elibizwa ngokuthi ushukela yi-sucrose. Umoba ungumthombo ovame kakhulu we-sucrose.

Uhlobo lwebhondi - covalent

Amabhondi e-Covalent axhumanisa ama-athomu e-carbon (C), i-hydrogen (H), ne-oxygen (O).

Ushukela wamanzi - ingabe akhona ama-ion amahhala?

Isixazululo sikashukela sitholakala ngokwethula ushukela ku-(H₂O) amanzi bese uxuba kahle. Ama-molecule kashukela namanzi aqukethe amaqembu e-hydroxyl (-OH). Ngakho, izibopho ze-hydrogen zibopha ama-molecule kashukela.

Ama-molecule kashukela awahlukanisi, ngakho isibopho se-covalent kuma-molecule kashukela asiphulwa. Futhi kuphela izibopho ezintsha ze-hydrogen ezakhiwe phakathi kwama-molecule namanzi.

Ngenxa yalokho, akukho ukudluliswa kwama-electron phakathi kwama-athomu kashukela. I-electron ngayinye ihlala inamathele esakhiweni sayo samangqamuzana. Ngenxa yalokho, isixazululo sikashukela asinawo ama-ion amahhala angaqhuba ugesi.

Ingabe ushukela uhambisa ugesi emanzini?

I-electrolyte kusisombululo se-electrolytic, njenge-NaCl ne-KCl, iqukethe ibhondi ye-ionic. Ancibilika ngokushesha abe ama-ion amahhala uma engezwe ku-(H₂O) amanzi, okubavumela ukuthi badlule esixazululweni futhi baqhube ugesi.

Uma nje ama-molecule kashukela engathathi hlangothi, ama-electrolyte ayakhokhiswa.

Ushukela wesimo esiqinile - uyawuhambisa ugesi?

Ama-athomu ekhabhoni, i-hydrogen ne-oxygen kushukela anefomula yamakhemikhali C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁, axhunywe ngamabhondi e-covalent njengenhla.

Njengoba amangqamuzana kashukela engathathi hlangothi, uma sibeka amandla kagesi ecwecweni likashukela (eliqinile), ama-electron ngeke ahambe kuwo. Amabhondi e-Covalent nawo anokusabalalisa okufanayo kwenkokhelo phakathi kwama-athomu amabili.
I-electron ihlala imile futhi i-molecule kashukela isebenza njenge-insulator ngoba i-compound ayiyona i-polar.
Ama-ion wamahhala, asebenza njengabathwali bakagesi, ayadingeka ukuze kudlule amandla kagesi. Akunakwenzeka ukuqhuba amandla kagesi ngokusebenzisa i-complex yamakhemikhali ngaphandle kwama-ion eselula.

Noma yiliphi ikhemikhali elingancibilika noma lihlukanise emanzini ngaphandle kokukhipha ama-ion laziwa njenge-non-electrolyte. Ugesi awukwazi ukuqhutshwa into engeyona i-electrolyte kwisisombululo esinamanzi.

Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.