Ingabe umzimba wemoto enothayela ungabola futhi kungani lokhu kwenzeka
Okuqukethwe
I-galvanizing inelinye izinga lokuvikela - i-electrochemical. I-Zinc nensimbi yakha i-galvanic pair, okungukuthi, lapho ithintana nomswakama, amandla kagesi aqala ukugeleza phakathi kwabo futhi elinye lamalungu ombhangqwana liqala ukuwa.
Uma ushiya ucezu lwensimbi endaweni evulekile, isiphetho saso sizodabukisa futhi singenakugwemeka: ngokushesha noma kamuva insimbi izoqala ukubola futhi iphenduke ibe uthuli. Ukuze ubambezele ukuqala kwenqubo yokugqwala futhi uyibambezele, abakhiqizi bezimoto baya kumaqhinga ahlukene - bamboza insimbi yomzimba nge "sandwich" ye-multilayer ye-mastics, ama-primers, amapende nama-varnish.
Ukuze imoto ivikeleke nakakhulu, ezinye izinkampani zezimoto zimboza wonke umzimba (noma izingxenye zayo) nge-zinc. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umzimba wemoto owenziwe ngamapulangwe uyabola - kamuva embhalweni wesihloko.
Kungani izingxenye zikathayela zimelana kakhulu nokugqwala kunensimbi engenalutho
Ukugqwala ukusabela kwezinsimbi nge-oxygen, lapho kwakhiwa i-oxide ehambisanayo (uma kuyinsimbi (insimbi) - FeO2, ukugqwala okwaziwayo). Ezinye izinsimbi zisabela nge-oxygen - i-aluminium, ithusi, ithini, i-zinc. Kodwa zibizwa ngokuthi "ezingenasici" ngenxa yokuthi ama-oxide asendaweni yawo enza ifilimu elincanyana, eliqinile lapho umoya-mpilo ungasangeni khona. Ngakho, izingqimba zangaphakathi zensimbi zivikelwe ekugqwaleni.
Endabeni yensimbi, isimo siyahlehliswa - i-iron oxide yakheka "ama-flakes" aqinile, angazinzile, lapho i-oksijini ingena khona ngempumelelo, izendlalelo ezijulile. Lona ingqikithi yokwelashwa kokuvikela kwensimbi nge-zinc: i-zinc oxide ivikela ngokuthembekile insimbi ngokuvimbela ukufinyelela komoyampilo. Izinga lokuvikela lincike kumapharamitha amabili: indlela yokufaka isicelo kanye nobukhulu bengqimba yokuvikela.
Ukubola komzimba
Izinga eliqine kakhulu lokuvikela linikezwa ngokufaka ama-galvanizing ashisayo - ukucwiliswa komzimba wemoto ku-zinc encibilikisiwe. Imiphumela emihle iboniswa indlela ye-galvanic (umzimba (noma ingxenye yawo) wehliselwa ku-electrolyte equkethe i-zinc futhi kudlule ugesi kagesi), i-thermal diffusion galvanizing. Incazelo yazo zonke lezi zindlela ukuthi i-zinc ayisebenzisi nje kuphela phezulu, kodwa futhi ingena ekujuleni okuthile ensimbi ngokwayo, okwandisa izakhiwo zokuzivikela zokugqoka.
I-galvanizing inelinye izinga lokuvikela - i-electrochemical. I-Zinc nensimbi yakha i-galvanic pair, okungukuthi, lapho ithintana nomswakama, amandla kagesi aqala ukugeleza phakathi kwabo futhi elinye lamalungu ombhangqwana liqala ukuwa. I-Zinc iyinsimbi esebenza kakhulu kune-iron, ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka umonakalo wemishini (ukuklwebha) ensimbini, i-zinc eqala ukudilika, futhi insimbi ngokwayo ihlala ingakaze ithintwe isikhathi esithile.
Lapho umzimba wamagalvanized uyagqwala
Abukho ubuchwepheshe obungenasici. Ukuthi umzimba wemoto enothayela uyabola, impendulo ayinakungabaza. Ngokushesha noma kamuva, ukugqwala kuzonqoba ngisho nemoto enothayela ngokucophelela. Futhi lokhu kuzokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili.
Ukulimala kwesendlalelo se-zinc
Isizathu esisobala kakhulu sokuqala kwezinqubo zokugqwala ensimbini ethathiwe ukulimala kwemishini, okuvula ukufinyelela ku-oxygen ensimbi engavikelekile. Okokuqala, ungqimba lwe-zinc luzoqala ukudiliza, bese kuba insimbi yomzimba. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, abanikazi abaningi bezimoto ze-premium (izimoto ezinjalo zinekhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu ye-zinc coating), ngisho nangemva kwezingozi ezincane, zifuna ukuqeda imoto ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Kungenzeka ukulungisa umzimba oboshiwe, upende phezu nokuvanisha indawo yokulimala enkonzweni yemoto, kodwa ukubuyisela ubuqotho bengqimba ye-zinc kungenzeka kuphela ekukhiqizeni izimboni.
I-Zinc oxidation
Ifilimu eqinile ye-zinc oxide ivikela ngokuthembekile insimbi ekungeneni komoyampilo. Nokho, i-zinc isawohloka ngaphansi kwethonya lomswakama, amakhemikhali omgwaqo, nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izingqimba ze-oxide zibhujiswa kancane kancane, futhi i-zinc ehlanzekile, esabela nge-oxygen, yakha izingqimba ezintsha zefilimu ye-oxide evikelayo.
Ukugqwala emotweni
Kuyacaca ukuthi le nqubo ingaqhubeka isikhathi eside kakhulu, kodwa hhayi unomphela. Endaweni yasemadolobheni, izinga lokubhujiswa kwe-zinc coating lingama-microns angu-6-10 ngonyaka. Lokhu kuchaza isikhathi sesiqinisekiso ngokumelene nokugqwala okusungulwe abakhiqizi: ubukhulu bengqimba yokuzivikela buhlukaniswe izinga lokunyamalala kwalo. Ngokwesilinganiso, kuvela cishe iminyaka eyi-10-15.
Okufanele ukwenze uma umzimba ofakwe uthayela ubola
Impendulo yombuzo wokuthi ngabe ukubola kwemoto yemoto isivele inikezwe ngenhla. Uma ukugqwala sekuqalile ukubamba umzimba wemoto, ungangabazi ukuvakashela isevisi yemoto enhle. Izinqubo zokubola zingancishiswa uma i-foci yayo iphathwa kahle.
Futhi ekusebenzeni okungenazinkinga ngaphandle kwalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukuvikela izindawo ezisengozini (phansi, ama-sills, ama-arches, njll.) ngama-anticorrosive agents, ukuqapha ukuhlanzeka kwemoto (ukungcola kunomthelela ekulimazeni kwe-coating yokuzivikela), futhi susa ama-chips amancane kanye nemihuzuko ngesikhathi esifanele.
