Amafutha ezimoto "Naftan"

Ukuhlukaniswa

Amafutha e-Naftan motor akhiqizwa ngokuhambisana nokucaciswa komkhiqizi ahlukaniswa ngamaqembu alandelayo:

1. I-Naphtan 2T - esetshenziswa ezinjinini ezine-stroke zama-scooters, izithuthuthu, imishini yokushayela ingadi. Isetshenziswa njengengxenye ebalulekile yengxube kaphethiloli.
2. Naftan Garant - Yakhelwe izimoto, amaveni, amaloli amancane. Amagama amathathu e-SAE akhiqizwa: 5W40, 10W40, 15W40 (ezimbili zokugcina nazo zivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zikadizili).
3. Naftan Premier - esetshenziswa ezimotweni ezinezinjini zikaphethiloli, ezibonakala ngezinga eliphansi lokusebenza. Ikhiqizwe ngezindlela ezintathu ezifanayo njengamafutha e-Naftan Garant.
4. I-Naftan Diesel Plus L - iguqulelwe ukusetshenziswa ezinjinini zikadizili ezinamakilasi ezemvelo ukusuka ku-Euro-2 kuye ku-Euro-4. Ikhiqizwe nge-viscosity 10W40 kanye ne-15W. Amafutha angasetshenziswa ezimotweni ezakhiwe ngaphambili ezinenjini kaphethiloli.

Izinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe kanye nokukhathazeka ngesithunzi senkampani kunomthelela ezingeni eliphezulu lemikhiqizo. Isibonelo, ochwepheshe bathi uwoyela wenjini ye-Naftan Diesel Ultra L udlula uwoyela wedizili we-M8DM odumile kumapharamitha amaningi.

Amafutha ezimoto i-Naftan akhiqizwa ngesisekelo samafutha asezingeni eliphakeme ngokufakwa kwezithasiselo. Ezinye zalezi zithako zenziwa uphawu lokuhweba oludumile i-Infineum (Great Britain), kodwa eminyakeni yamuva nje, indawo yokuhluza ifunde ukukhiqiza izithasiselo zayo zangempela ezakhiweni, ezingekho ngaphansi kwalezo ezingenisiwe, kodwa ezibonakala ngokuthi. izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi. Njengomphumela wokuhlanganiswa kokwakheka kwesisekelo nezithasiselo, iqembu elicatshangelwayo lamafutha libonakala ngezici ezinhle ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuvimbela ukwakheka kwamadiphozithi e-surface hydrocarbon, okuthikameza kakhulu ukusebenza kweyunithi yamandla emoto.
2. Ukuzinza kwezinkomba zayo ze-viscosity, ezingathinteki ukushisa, ukucindezela nezinye izakhiwo zemvelo yangaphandle.
3. Ukuqina kwamapharamitha aphathekayo nemishini ashintsha kancane ngokwanda kwemayela lemoto.
4. Ubungane bemvelo: ayikho imiphumela eyingozi ku-catalyst kanye nesistimu yokukhipha umoya.

Izakhiwo zomzimba nezemishini

Amafutha aphuma kuphawu lokuthengisa lwe-Naftan ngokuya ngokusebenza kwawo ahlangabezana nezimfuneko zamazwe ngamazwe ze-ISO 3104 ne-ISO 2909, futhi izici zomkhiqizo zihambisana nezinkambiso zezindinganiso ezigunyaziwe ze-ASTM D97 kanye ne-ASTM D92. Isibonelo, kumafutha enjini ye-Naftan Premier, izakhiwo ezingokomzimba nezomshini zimi kanje:

• I-kinematic viscosity, mm²/ s, ezingeni lokushisa elingu-40 ^°C – 87,3;
• I-kinematic viscosity, mm²/ s, ezingeni lokushisa elingu-100 ^°C, hhayi ngaphansi - 13,8;
• Ukuminyana, kg/m³, ekamelweni lokushisa - 860;
• iphoyinti elikhanyayo, ^°C, hhayi ngaphansi - 208;
• Ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa, ^°C, hhayi ngaphansi kuka -37;
• Inombolo ye-Acid ngokuya nge-KOH - 0,068.

Izinkomba ezifanayo zamafutha enjini ye-Naftan Garant 10W40 yilezi:

• I-kinematic viscosity, mm²/ s, ezingeni lokushisa elingu-40 ^°C – 90,2;
• I-kinematic viscosity, mm²/ s, ezingeni lokushisa elingu-100 ^°C, hhayi ngaphansi - 16,3;
• Ukuminyana, kg/m³, ekamelweni lokushisa - 905;
• iphoyinti elikhanyayo, ^°C, hhayi ngaphansi - 240;
• Ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa, ^°C, hhayi ngaphansi kuka -27;
• Inombolo ye-Acid ngokuya nge-KOH - 0,080.

Azikho izinhlobo zamafutha e-Naftan motor okucatshangwayo avumela okuqukethwe komlotha okungaphezu kuka-0,015 kanye nokuba khona kwamanzi.

Isici esibalulekile samafutha e-Naftan motor (ikakhulukazi lawo ane-viscosity eyandayo, ehloselwe ukusetshenziswa ezinjini zedizili ezine-turbocharged) yizithasiselo. Okuyinhloko yizinhlanganisela ezivimbela uwoyela ukuthi ungaqini ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukungqubuzana kwe-hydrodynamic kuyancipha, uphethiloli uyalondolozwa futhi nempilo yenjini iyakhula.

Izibuyekezo

Ukubuyekezwa okuningi kubonisa ukuthi, naphezu kwentengo ethile ephezulu (uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo yendabuko yamafutha emoto), imikhiqizo okukhulunywa ngayo iguquguquka kakhulu futhi isebenza ngokuzinza ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zezinjini zemoto zasekhaya nezangaphandle. Ikakhulukazi, uwoyela we-Naftan 10W40 wenza kahle enjini yesimanje ene-turbocharged kanye ne-injection eqondile. Ingasetshenziswa ezinjinini zesimanje zikaphethiloli kanye nezinjini zikadizili ezilula lapho uwoyela we-SAE 10W30 noma 10W40 ushiwo kubhukwana lomnikazi. Ngakho-ke, le mikhiqizo evela ku-NPNPZ iqhudelana ngokujulile namafutha emoto adumile ohlobo lwe-M10G2k.

Abanye abasebenzisi babelana ngolwazi lwabo oluhle lokusebenzisa amafutha enjini ye-Novopolotsk ezimweni lapho imoto yakhiqizwa ngaphambi kuka-2017 nalapho i-API SN kanye nokucaciswa kwangaphambilini kwe-SM (2004-10), SL (2001-04), SJ kunconywa. Amafutha e-Naftan nawo ayanconywa ukuthi asetshenziswe ezinjinini ezindala zikadizili ezidinga i-API CF noma imininingwane yangaphambili kawoyela wenjini.

Kukhona ukubuyekezwa kanye nemikhawulo. Ikakhulukazi, imikhiqizo okukhulunywa ngayo akufanele isetshenziswe ezimotweni ezinenjini kadizili efakwe i-DPF (Isihlungi se-Diesel Particulate) noma izithuthuthu ze-clutch ezimanzi.

Ngakho-ke, umugqa wamafutha e-Naftan motor:

• inikeza ukuvikelwa kwenjini okwandisiwe;
• kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha futhi igcine ingcindezi yayo ezingeni elidingekayo;
• amafutha ahambisana nama-catalytic converters;
• ilungele izinhlobo eziningi zezinjini;
• kunciphisa ukwakheka kodaka;
• ivikela ngokuphelele injini ekugugeni;
• kunciphisa ama-soot deposits kuma-pistons.

I-Motul vs Naftan