Oil

Yazi indlela yokuchaza imbiza kawoyela

Imakethe igcwele uwoyela futhi izilinganiso ezibhalwe emabhange azenzi kube lula ukucacisa, ikakhulukazi njengoba izindinganiso ezibhalwe ebhange zivela ezinhlanganweni eziningana ezahlukene. Umbono ophelele womndeni omkhulu we-Oil.

Ubuchwepheshe bezithuthuthu: ukuqopha ithini likawoyela

I-synthesis, i-semi-synthesis, amaminerali

Amafutha ahlukaniswe imindeni emi-3. Amafutha okwenziwa asezingeni eliphezulu futhi asebenza kahle kakhulu. Zilungele izinjini zejubane eliphezulu njenge-hypersport. Iningi lezinye izithuthuthu lijabule ngamafutha e-semi-synthetic ngaphandle kwenkinga: uhla oluphakathi, uwoyela wokwenziwa kanye nenhlanganisela kawoyela wamaminerali. Amafutha amaminerali angaphansi kwesikali. Ivela ngokuqondile kuwoyela ongahluziwe ocolisisiwe.

I-SAE: i-viscosity

Leli izinga elibekwe yi-Society of Automotive Engineers eligxile ekunqumeni i-viscosity kawoyela.

I-viscosity inquma ukumelana nokugeleza kwamafutha njengomsebenzi wokushisa. Ngempela, i-viscosity yamafutha incike ekushiseni kwayo kokusebenza.

Inombolo yokuqala iqukethe ulwazi mayelana ne-viscosity ebandayo. Ngakho-ke, uwoyela we-0W uhlala uketshezi kuze kufike ku--35 ° C. Ngakho-ke kuzohamba ngokushesha ukukhuphuka umjikelezo wokugcoba ukugcoba yonke into. Inombolo yesibili ibonisa i-viscosity eshisayo (ikalwa ku-100 ° C). Lokhu kubonisa ukumelana kwamafutha kanye nekhono lawo lokumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. Ngokombono, ukwehlisa idijithi yokuqala (kufika ku-0) futhi ephakeme idijithi yesibili (kufika ku-60), ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu. Eqinisweni, uwoyela ongalinganiselwa ku-0W60 uzoba uketshezi kakhulu futhi uholele ekusetshenzisweni ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi enjini yokuguga.

API

I-American Petroleum Institute isungule ukuhlukaniswa kwamafutha ngokusekelwe kumibandela embalwa efana nokuhlakazeka, okokuhlanza, noma ukuvikela ukugqwala. Kuye ngokusebenza kwawo, uwoyela uzuza njengefa incwadi ngemva kuka-S (yesevisi): SA, SB… S.J. Uma uqhubeka lolo hlamvu ku-alfabhethi, kuba ngcono ukusebenza. Izinga le-SJ lihamba phambili namuhla.

CCMC

Leli izinga laseYurophu futhi okwamanje lilawulwa i-Association of European Automobile Manufacturers. Ukusebenza kuboniswa inombolo exhunywe kuhlamvu G, kusukela ku-G1 kuya ku-G5. Leli zinga lathathelwa indawo ngo-1991 ngezinga le-ACEA.

I-ACEA

I-Association of European Automobile Manufacturers isibeke izinga elisha lokusebenzisa uwoyela. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kuyinhlanganisela yohlamvu nenombolo. Incwadi ikhomba uphethiloli (A = injini kaphethiloli, B = injini yedizili). Inombolo ichaza ukusebenza futhi ingasukela ku-1 (okungenani) kuye ku-3 (okungcono kakhulu).

isiphetho

Ngenxa yokuthi imikhawulo yenjini yezithuthuthu ivame ukudlula imikhawulo yenjini yezimoto, kuyatuseka ukusebenzisa amafutha ezithuthuthu ezikhethekile.

Ngokuvamile kuthiwa amafutha ahlukene akufanele ahlanganiswe. Eqinisweni, amafutha avela kubakhiqizi abahlukene angaxutshwa, inqobo nje uma izimfanelo zamafutha zifana: isibonelo 5W10, njll.