Amafutha ku-antifreeze

Amafutha ku-antifreeze ngokuvamile kubonakala ngenxa yekhanda le-cylinder head gasket (ikhanda le-cylinder), kanye nokulimala kwezakhi zesistimu yokupholisa, ukuguga ngokweqile kwe-gasket yokushisa ukushisa nezinye izizathu esizozicabangela ngokuningiliziwe. Uma amafutha engena ku-antifreeze, isisombululo senkinga asikwazi ukuhlehliswa, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu ekusebenzeni kweyunithi yamandla emoto.

Izimpawu zokuthi uwoyela ungene ku-antifreeze

Kunenombolo yezimpawu ezijwayelekile okungaqondwa ngazo ukuthi uwoyela ungena endaweni epholile (i-antifreeze noma i-antifreeze). Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ugrisi ongakanani ongena ku-anti-freeze, izimpawu ezibalwe ngezansi zizobonisa inkinga okufanele ixazululwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuvinjwe ukulungiswa okungathi sína nokubizayo kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi yemoto.

Ngakho-ke, izimpawu zokuphuma kwamafutha ku-antifreeze zifaka:

• Shintsha umbala kanye nokuvumelana kwesipholisi. I-antifreeze esebenzayo evamile iwuketshezi olucacile oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluphuzi, olubomvu noma oluluhlaza. Ukuba mnyama kwayo ngezizathu zemvelo kuthatha isikhathi eside, futhi kuvame ukuqhathaniswa nokushintshwa okujwayelekile kwesipholile. Ngakho-ke, uma i-antifreeze imnyama ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi ngisho nangaphezulu, ukuvumelana kwayo kuye kwaba mkhulu, ngokungcola kwamafutha / amafutha, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa ukuthi uwoyela ungene ku-antifreeze.

• Kukhona ifilimu enamafutha endaweni yesinqandi-qhwa ethangini lokunweba lesistimu yokupholisa injini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Ubonakala ngeso lenyama. Ngokuvamile ifilimu ine-tint emnyama futhi ibonisa imisebe yokukhanya kahle ngemibala ehlukene (umphumela we-diffraction).
• Isipholisa sizozizwa sinamafutha uma sithintwa. Ukuze uzikholise ngalokhu, ungaphonsa inani elincane le-antifreeze eminwe yakho bese uyihlikihla phakathi kweminwe yakho. I-antifreeze ehlanzekile ayisoze yaba namafutha, ngokuphambene nalokho, izoshabalala ngokushesha ebusweni. Amafutha, uma eyingxenye ye-antifreeze, azozwakala ngokucacile esikhumbeni.
• Shintsha iphunga le-antifreeze. Ngokuvamile, into epholile ayinawo nhlobo iphunga noma inephunga elimnandi. Uma amafutha engena kuwo, uketshezi luyoba nephunga elishisiwe elingathandeki. Futhi amafutha amaningi kuwo, iphunga elimnandi liyoba elingathandeki futhi elihlukile.
• Ukushisa ngokweqile kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ngenxa yokuthi amafutha anciphisa ukusebenza kwe-antifreeze, lokhu okugcina akukwazi ukupholisa injini evamile. Lokhu futhi kunciphisa iphuzu lokubilisa lesipholile. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi i-antifreeze "izocindezelwa" ngaphansi kwekepisi ye-radiator noma i-cap ye-tank yokwandisa yesistimu yokupholisa. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ekusebenzeni kwezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ngenkathi eshisayo (ehlobo). Imvamisa, lapho injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ishisa kakhulu, ukusebenza kwayo okungalingani kuyabonwa (i-"troits").
• Amabala kawoyela ayabonakala ezindongeni zethangi lokunweba lesistimu yokupholisa.
• Kumakepisi wethangi lokunweba lesistimu yokupholisa kanye / noma i-radiator cap, amadiphozi kawoyela angenzeka ngaphakathi, futhi i-emulsion yamafutha ne-antifreeze izobonakala ngaphansi kwekepisi.
• Ngokukhula kwejubane lenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ethangini lokunweba, amabhamuza omoya aphuma oketshezini ayabonakala. Lokhu kubonisa ukucindezeleka kwesistimu.

Ulwazi olungenhla luhlelwe kuthebula elingezansi.

Izimpawu zokuphuka	Ungahlola kanjani ukuhlukaniswa
Shintsha umbala kanye nokuvumelana kwesipholisi	Ukuhlolwa okubukwayo kwe-coolant
Ukuba khona kwefilimu yamafutha ebusweni bepholile	Ukuhlolwa okubukwayo kwesipholisi. Hlola amabala kawoyela ezindongeni zangaphakathi zethangi lokunweba lesistimu yokupholisa
Isipholisi sesinamafutha	Ukuhlola okupholisayo okuthintekayo. Hlola indawo engaphakathi yamakepisi ethangi lokunweba kanye nerediyetha yesistimu yokupholisa
I-Antifreeze inuka njengamafutha	Hlola ukupholisa ngephunga
Ukushisa okuvamisile kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, ukucindezela i-antifreeze ngaphansi kwesembozo sethangi lokunweba, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi "i-troit"	Hlola izinga le-antifreeze ohlelweni, isimo sayo (bheka izigaba ezedlule), ukucindezela kokupholisa
Amabhamuza omoya aphunyuka ethangini lokunweba lesistimu yokupholisa	Uma siphezulu isivinini sokusebenza senjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, amabhamuza omoya ayanda. Noma kunjalo, lokhu kubonisa ukucindezelwa kwesistimu.

ngakho-ke, uma umshisekeli wemoto ehlangabezana okungenani nesinye sezibonakaliso ezingenhla, kufanelekile ukwenza ukuxilongwa okwengeziwe, ukuhlola isimo se-antifreeze, futhi, ngokufanele, ukuqala ukucinga izizathu eziholele esimweni esiveziwe.

Izimbangela zokungena kwamafutha ku-antifreeze

Kungani uwoyela ungena ku-antifreeze? Eqinisweni, kunezizathu eziningi ezijwayelekile zokuthi kungani lokhu kuhlukana kwenzeka. Futhi ukuze uqonde ukuthi kungani uwoyela wangena ku-antifreeze, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuxilonga okwengeziwe kwesimo sezakhi ngazinye zenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo.

Sibala izimbangela ezijwayelekile kusukela kwezivamile kuya kwezingavamile:

• I-gasket yekhanda lesilinda elishisiwe. Kungaba kokubili ukuguga nokukhala kwemvelo, i-torque yokuqinisa engalungile ngesikhathi sokufakwa (okufanelekile, kufanele iqiniswe ngesikrufu se-torque), ukungahambi kahle ngesikhathi sokufakwa, usayizi okhethwe ngokungalungile kanye / noma impahla ye-gasket, noma uma i-motor ishisa kakhulu.
• Ukulimala kwendiza yekhanda lesilinda. Isibonelo, i-microcrack, usinki, noma omunye umonakalo ungase wenzeke phakathi komzimba wayo kanye ne-gasket. Ngokulandelayo, isizathu salokhu singase sifihlwe ekulimaleni komshini ekhanda le-cylinder (noma injini yomlilo yangaphakathi iyonke), ukungahambi kahle kwekhanda. kungenzeka futhi ukuvela kwe-foci of corrosion on the cylinder head housing.

• Ukugqoka i-gasket noma ukwehluleka kwesishintshi sokushisa ngokwaso (elinye igama i-cooler yamafutha). Ngakho-ke, inkinga ibalulekile emishinini enale divayisi. I-gasket ingase ivuze kusukela ebudaleni noma ukufakwa okungalungile. Ngokuqondene nezindlu zokushisa ukushisa, kungase futhi kuhluleke (imbobo encane noma ukuqhekeka kubonakala kuyo) ngenxa yokulimala kwemishini, ukuguga, ukugqwala. ngokuvamile, ukuqhekeka kuvela epayipini, futhi njengoba ukucindezela kwamafutha kuleli phuzu kuzoba phezulu kunokucindezela kwe-antifreeze, uketshezi olugcobayo luzophinde lungene ohlelweni lokupholisa.
• Khipha i-cylinder liner. okungukuthi, ngaphandle. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokusebenza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, uwoyela ongena kusilinda ngaphansi kwengcindezi nge-microcrack ungageleza ngemithamo emincane ungene kupholisa.

Ngaphezu kwezizathu ezijwayelekile ezibaliwe ezijwayelekile kuma-ICE amaningi kaphethiloli nodizili, amanye ama-ICE anezici zawo zokuklama, ngenxa yokuthi uwoyela ungase uvuze ku-antifreeze futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.

Enye yalawa ma-ICE injini kadizili engu-1,7 litre yemoto yakwa-Opel eqokwe nge-Y17DT eyakhiwe ngabakwa-Isuzu. okungukuthi, kulezi zinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi, ama-nozzles atholakala ngaphansi kwekhava yekhanda le-cylinder futhi afakwe ezingilazini, uhlangothi lwangaphandle olugezwa yi-coolant. Kodwa-ke, ukuvalwa kwezingilazi kunikezwa izindandatho ezenziwe ngezinto ezinwebekayo eziqina futhi ziqhekeke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yalokhu, izinga lokuvala uphawu liyancipha, ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi amafutha kanye ne-antifreeze kuzoxutshwa ngokulinganayo.

Kuma-ICE afanayo, amacala aqoshwa ngezikhathi ezithile lapho, ngenxa yokulimala kokugqwala kwezibuko, izimbobo ezincane noma ama-microcracks avele ezindongeni zawo. Lokhu kuholela emiphumeleni efanayo yokuxutshwa koketshezi lwenqubo olushiwo.

Izizathu ezingenhla zihlelwe kuthebula.

Izimbangela zamafutha ku-antifreeze	Izindlela zokuqeda
I-gasket yekhanda le-cylinder elivuthayo	Ukushintsha i-gasket kufakwe entsha, ukuqinisa amabhawodi ku-torque efanele usebenzisa i-torque wrench.
Ukulimala kwendiza ye-cylinder head	Ukugaya indiza yekhanda le-block usebenzisa imishini ekhethekile enkonzweni yemoto
Ukuhluleka kwesishintshi sokushisa (i-oil cooler) noma i-gasket yayo	Ukushintsha i-gasket entsha. Ungazama ukudambisa isishintshi sokushisa, kodwa lokhu akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi. Esimweni sokugcina, udinga ukushintsha ingxenye ibe entsha.
Ukukhulula amabhawodi ekhanda lesilinda	Ukusetha i-torque yokuqinisa efanele ngesikrufu se-torque
Khipha i-cylinder liner	Ukuhlanza ubuso ngesondo lokugaya, uku-chamfering, ukufaka uphawu nge-epoxy pastes. Esigabeni sokugcina, ukuvela phezulu kwenziwa ngezinsimbi ezisansimbi. Esimweni esinzima kakhulu, ukushintshwa okuphelele kwe-cylinder block

Imiphumela yokungena kwamafutha ku-antifreeze

Abaningi, ikakhulukazi abaqalayo, abashayeli bezimoto banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi kungenzeka yini ukushayela lapho uwoyela usungene ku-antifreeze. Kulokhu, konke kuncike ekutheni uwoyela ongakanani ongene endaweni epholile. Esimweni esihle, ngisho nokuvuza okuncane kwamafutha ku-antifreeze, udinga ukuya enkonzweni yemoto noma egalaji, lapho ungenza khona ukulungisa ngokwakho noma uphendukele kubadwebi ukuze uthole usizo. Kodwa-ke, uma inani lamafutha ku-cooler liyingcosana, khona-ke ibanga elifushane emotweni lisengakwazi ukushayelwa.

kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi uwoyela awunciphisi kuphela ukusebenza kwe-antifreeze (okuholela ekwehleni kokupholisa kahle kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi), kodwa futhi kulimaza uhlelo lokupholisa jikelele. futhi kaningi uma kwenzeka izimo eziphuthumayo, hhayi amafutha kuphela angena epholile, kodwa okuphambene nalokho - i-antifreeze ingena emafutheni. Futhi lokhu kungase kuholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo. Ngakho-ke, lapho inkinga eshiwo ikhonjwa, umsebenzi wokulungisa kufanele wenziwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba ukubambezeleka kwabo kugcwele ukuvela kokuwohloka okungathí sina futhi, ngokufanele, ukulungiswa okubizayo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ekusebenzeni kwemoto esimweni sezulu esishisayo (ehlobo), lapho ukusebenza kwesistimu yokupholisa injini yomlilo yangaphakathi kubalulekile kuyunithi yamandla!

Njengomphumela wokusebenza kwe-coolant equkethe uwoyela, lezi zinkinga ezilandelayo nge-ICE yemoto zingase zenzeke:

• Ukushisa okweqile kwenjini, ikakhulukazi lapho usebenzisa imoto esimweni sezulu esishisayo kanye / noma usebenzisa injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ngesivinini esikhulu (imithwalo ephezulu).
• Ukuvala izakhi zesistimu yokupholisa (ama-hoses, amapayipi, izakhi ze-radiator) ngamafutha, okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi wabo kuze kufike ezingeni elibucayi.
• Ukulimala kwezakhi zesistimu yokupholisa, ezenziwe ngerabha engamelana nowoyela nepulasitiki.
• Ukunciphisa insiza hhayi kuphela yesistimu yokupholisa yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, kodwa yayo yonke injini iyonke, njengoba ngesistimu yokupholisa engalungile, iqala ukusebenza ngokuguga noma imodi eseduze nalokhu.
• Uma kwenzeka ukuthi amafutha angangeni ku-antifreeze kuphela, kodwa okuphambene nalokho (i-antifreeze igeleza emafutheni), lokhu kuholela ekwehleni kokusebenza kahle kokugcotshwa kwezingxenye zangaphakathi zenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, ukuvikela kwabo ekugugeni nasekushiseni ngokweqile. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kuphinde kuthinte kabi ukusebenza kwemoto kanye nesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo okujwayelekile. Ezimweni ezibucayi, injini yomlilo yangaphakathi ingahluleka kancane noma ihluleke ngokuphelele.

ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuqala umsebenzi wokulungisa kusenesikhathi ukuze unciphise umthelela ongemuhle we-lubricating fluid hhayi kuphela ohlelweni lokupholisa, kodwa futhi ukuvimbela umthelela omubi enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi yemoto iyonke.

Okufanele ukwenze uma amafutha engena ku-antifreeze

Ukusebenza kokulungiswa okuthile kuncike ekutheni kungani uwoyela uvele ethangini le-antifreeze nakuso sonke isimiso sokupholisa.

• Ukulimala kwe-cylinder head gasket kuyinkinga evamile futhi exazululwa kalula uma kukhona uwoyela ku-antifreeze. Kunesixazululo esisodwa kuphela - ukufaka esikhundleni se-gasket entsha. Ungayenza le nqubo ngokwakho, noma ngokuthintana nomphathi wesevisi yemoto ukuze uthole usizo. Kubalulekile ngesikhathi esifanayo ukukhetha i-gasket yokuma okulungile kanye nobukhulu obufanele bejometri. Futhi udinga ukuqinisa ama-bolts akhuphukayo, okokuqala, ngokulandelana okuthile (umdwebo ukhonjiswe emibhalweni yezobuchwepheshe yemoto), futhi okwesibili, usebenzisa isikrufu se-torque ukuze ulondoloze ngokuqinile ama-torque anconywayo okuqinisa.
• Uma ikhanda le-cylinder (indiza yalo ephansi) yonakele, khona-ke izinketho ezimbili zingenzeka. Esokuqala (esidinga abasebenzi abaningi) ukusifaka ngomshini emshinini ofanele. Kwezinye izimo, ukuqhekeka kungenziwa ngama-resin epoxy asezingeni eliphezulu, afakwe i-chamfered, futhi ubuso buhlanzwe ngesondo lokugaya (emshinini). Indlela yesibili iwukuba esikhundleni ngokuphelele inhloko yesilinda entsha.
• Uma kukhona i-microcrack ku-cylinder liner, khona-ke lokhu kuyicala eliyinkimbinkimbi. Ngakho-ke, ukuqeda lokhu kuphazamiseka, udinga ukufuna usizo lwesevisi yemoto, lapho kukhona khona imishini efanelekile, ongazama ngayo ukubuyisela i-cylinder block ukuze usebenze. okungukuthi, ibhulokhi inesithukuthezi futhi kufakwa imikhono emisha. Nokho, ngokuvamile i-block ishintshwa ngokuphelele.
• Uma kunezinkinga ngomshini wokushisa noma i-gasket yayo, khona-ke udinga ukuyiqeda. Uma inkinga iku-gasket, udinga ukuyishintsha. I-cooler yamafutha ngokwayo icindezelekile - ungazama ukuyithengisa noma ukuyibuyisela esikhundleni esisha. Umshini wokushisa olungisiwe kufanele ugezwe ngamanzi acwengekile noma izindlela ezikhethekile ngaphambi kokufakwa. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi, ukulungiswa komshini wokushisa akunakwenzeka ngenxa yobukhulu obuncane bokuqhekeka kanye yinkimbinkimbi yomklamo wedivayisi. Ngakho-ke, ithathelwa indawo entsha. Isishintshi sokushisa singahlolwa kusetshenziswa i-compressor yomoya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, enye yezimbobo (i-inlet noma i-outlet) igxiliwe, futhi umugqa womoya ovela ku-compressor uxhunywe kwesibili. Ngemva kwalokho, isishintshi sokushisa sifakwa ethangini elinokufudumala (okubalulekile !!!, kushiswe kuze kufike ku-+90 degrees Celsius) amanzi. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, i-aluminium okwenziwa ngayo isishintshi sokushisa iyakhula, futhi amabhamuza omoya azophuma emfantwini (uma ekhona).

Uma imbangela yokuqhekeka icaciswa futhi iqedwa, ungakhohlwa ukuthi kubalulekile ukufaka esikhundleni se-antifreeze, kanye nokusula uhlelo lokupholisa. Kumele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana ne-algorithm evamile futhi kusetshenziswa izindlela ezikhethekile noma ezithuthukisiwe. Uma kwenzeka ukushintshaniswa kwamanzi okulinganayo, futhi i-antifreeze iphinde yangena emafutheni, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukushintsha uwoyela ngokuhlanza kokuqala kwesistimu yamafutha enjini yomlilo yangaphakathi.

Indlela yokukhipha uhlelo lokupholisa kusuka ku-emulsion

Ukupholisa uhlelo lokupholisa ngemuva kokuthi uwoyela engenile kuyisinyathelo esiyisibopho, futhi uma ungakunaki ukugeza i-emulsion, kodwa ugcwalise kuphela i-antifreeze entsha, lokhu kuzothinta kakhulu imigqa yayo yesevisi nokusebenza kwayo.

Ngaphambi kokugeza, i-antifreeze endala eyonakalisiwe kufanele ikhishwe ohlelweni. Esikhundleni salokho, ungasebenzisa imikhiqizo yefekthri ekhethekile yokupholisa amasistimu okupholisa noma lokho okubizwa ngokuthi abantu. Esimweni sokugcina, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-citric acid noma i-whey. Isixazululo esinamanzi esisekelwe kule mikhiqizo sithululelwa ohlelweni lokupholisa futhi sigibele amashumi amaningana amakhilomitha. Amaresiphi okusetshenziswa kwawo anikezwe endabeni ethi "Indlela yokukhipha uhlelo lokupholisa". Ngemuva kokugeza, i-antifreeze entsha kufanele ithululelwe ohlelweni lokupholisa.

isiphetho

Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa imoto ngamafutha ohlelweni lokupholisa kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, isibonelo, ukuze uthole isevisi yemoto. Umsebenzi wokulungisa kufanele wenziwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngokuhlonza imbangela nokuqedwa kwayo. Ukusebenzisa imoto exuba uwoyela wenjini nesipholile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kugcwele ukulungiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kubiza kakhulu. Ngakho uma ubona uwoyela ekunqandeni ukuqhwa, hlaba umkhosi futhi ulungele izindleko.