Amafutha omshini. Amaqiniso ama-5 azokugcina ungangeni enkingeni
Uma bebuzwa ukuthi uyini umsebenzi kawoyela enjinini, iningi labashayeli lizophendula ngokuthi wukwakhiwa kwezimo eziqinisekisa ukushibilika kwezingxenye ezihambayo zenjini lapho zihlangana khona. Yebo kunjalo, kodwa ngokwengxenye kuphela. Amafutha enjini anemisebenzi eyengeziwe, njengokuhlanza iyunithi yokushayela, ukupholisa izingxenye zangaphakathi nokunciphisa umsindo ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
1. Kuncane kakhulu - gcwalisa, ngicela
Into yokuqala okufanele isixwayise ukuphazima kwesibani somfutho kawoyela uma sijika amakhona. Lokhu kungenxa yokungagcwalisi okwanele enjinini. Kulokhu, hlola izinga layo. Lokhu sikwenza ngokubeka imoto endaweni eyisicaba, sicime injini bese silinda cishe umzuzu owodwa kuze kuphume wonke uwoyela epanini likawoyela. Khona-ke sikhipha inkomba (evame kakhulu i-bayonet), sisule nge-rag, siyifake emgodini bese siyikhipha futhi. Ngakho, esikalini sokucindezela esihlanziwe, sibona ngokucacile izinga lamafutha lamanje kanye namamaki amancane naphezulu.
Amafutha kufanele abe phakathi kwezinti. Uma inani liphansi kakhulu, engeza amafutha afanayo njengasenjinini, uqaphele ukuthi ungeqi umaki we-MAX. Uwoyela oweqile udala ukuthi amasongo e-piston angakwazi ukuwukhuhla ku-cylinder liner, ngakho-ke ungena ekamelweni elivuthayo, ushise, bese umusi ongcolile ubhubhisa i-catalyst.
Uma singakunaki ukuhlola izinga likawoyela ekucwayizeni kokuqala kwenkomba, sisenkingeni enkulu. Ngeke simise ukushayela ngokushesha, ngoba kusekhona amafutha ohlelweni - kubi kakhulu, kodwa namanje - ukugcoba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-turbocharger izobhujiswa uma, kunjalo, ifakiwe.
Bheka futhi: Yiziphi izimoto ezingashayelwa ezinelayisense yokushayela esezingeni B?
Kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ngenkathi injini yakudala ijikeleza cishe ku-5000 rpm (diesel) noma 7000 rpm (uphethiloli), shaft ye-turbocharger ijikeleza ngaphezu kuka-100 rpm. I-shaft igcotshwe ngamafutha aqukethwe kuyunithi. Ngakho-ke uma sinamafutha amancane kakhulu enjinini, i-turbocharger izozizwa kuqala.
2. Ukushintsha uwoyela kuwumsebenzi, hhayi ubuhle
Abashayeli abaningi abagcwalisa amafutha amasha, ahlanzekile, anombala woju banomuzwa wokuthi banikeze imoto yabo izingubo ezintsha ezicindezelwe. Akukho okungaba iphutha. Ukushintsha uwoyela kuyadingeka...ngaphandle uma umuntu efuna ukulungisa kabusha injini.
Njengoba ngishilo, uwoyela nawo unezindawo zokuhlanza (yingakho uwoyela omdala unokungcola). Ngesikhathi sokusha, ingxenye yemikhiqizo engashisiwe iqoqana ngendlela ye-soot kanye ne-sludge, futhi lezi zenzakalo kufanele ziqedwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izithasiselo zengezwa emafutheni ancibilikisa amadiphozithi. Ngenxa yokujikeleza njalo kwamafutha enjini, ephonswa ipompo likawoyela, idlula esihlungini, futhi izidumbu ezincibilikisiwe zigcinwa kungqimba lokuhlunga.
Nokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isendlalelo sesihlungi sinokudlulela okulinganiselwe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinhlayiya ezingcolile ezincibilika kuwoyela zivala ungqimba lwesihlungi esinezimbotshana. Ukuze ugweme ukuvimba ukugeleza, okungaholela ekuntulekeni kokuthambisa, i-valve yokuphepha kusihlungi iyavuleka futhi…. amafutha angcolile agelezayo.
Lapho amafutha angcolile efika kuma-bearings we-turbocharger, i-crankshaft noma i-camshaft, ama-microcracks ayenzeka, azoqala ukwanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuwenza ube lula, singawuqhathanisa nokulimala komgwaqo, okuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kube umgodi lapho isondo lingalimala khona.
Kulokhu, i-turbocharger iphinde ibe sengozini kakhulu ngenxa yejubane lokujikeleza, kodwa ama-microcracks nawo ayenzeka kuzo zonke izingxenye ezithinta injini. Ngakho-ke, kungacatshangwa ukuthi inqubo esheshayo yokubhujiswa kwayo iqala.
Ngakho-ke, izinguquko zikawoyela ngezikhathi ezithile ngokuhambisana nezincomo zomenzi ziyisidingo sokuqala sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kweyunithi yamandla nokugwema izindleko zokulungisa kabusha.
Bheka futhi: IVolkswagen phezulu! ekuhlolweni kwethu
