Amaloli ezinganekwane iVolkswagen LT 28, 35, 45, 46 - izici eziyinhloko nomehluko
Okuqukethwe
Izimoto zochungechunge lweVolkswagen LT ezinemisebenzi eminingi ziyizimoto eziklanywe kahle futhi ezifunwayo. Phakathi nomlando wabo, kusukela ngo-1975, baye bathola ukuthandwa okukhulu eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga Yurophu, kanye nasemazweni CIS, kuhlanganise Russia. Bamele ukuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene - kusukela emalolini namaveni emisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokuthwala ukuya kumakhumbi abagibeli. Umklami omkhulu walo lonke uchungechunge lwe-LT kwakunguGustav Mayer. Lezi zimoto ezincane ezongayo zizilungele kakhulu izinkampani namabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo.
Uchungechunge lweVolkswagen LT lwesizukulwane sokuqala
Kuphela eminyakeni emine yokuqala - kusukela ngo-1975 kuya ku-1979 kwakhiqizwa izimoto ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyi-100 zochungechunge lweVolkswagen LT. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi umenzi wezimoto waseJalimane udale ukuguqulwa okufunwa kakhulu kwamaloli nezimoto zezinsiza. Kamuva, i-chassis ye-LT yasetshenziswa ngempumelelo ukufaka izindlu zezimoto ezivakashelwa eWestfalia naseFlorida kuyo. Emlandweni omude, lezi zimoto ziye zashintshwa kaningana, amamodeli amaningi esimanje alolu chungechunge akhiqizwa ngezikhathi ezithile.
Igalari yezithombe: I-Lasten-Transporter (LT) - ezokuthutha zokuthutha izimpahla
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- I-LT 28 iyimoto esetshenziswayo ehlangene
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- Ukuguqulwa kwe-LT 35 kwenziwa esisekelweni esivamile emndenini wonke, kodwa kuhlonyiselwe iloli eline-flatbed
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- Uhlobo lwe-LT 35 luhlanganisa ngempumelelo izinzuzo zeveni neloli, lenza umsebenzi weveni yezimpahla.
Amamodeli we-LT 28, 35 kanye nama-45
Isizukulwane sokuqala sezimoto zalezi zinhlobo zaqala ukuhamba emigwaqweni phakathi nawo-70s wekhulu elidlule. Ukukhiqizwa kwabo kwethulwe embonini yakwaVolkswagen eHannover. Ngaphezu kwenhloso yabo yokusebenza, ziyahlukahluka ngesisindo somgwaqo ogcwele:
- kwiVolkswagen LT 28 ekhanyayo, ingamathani angu-2,8;
- "Volkswagen LT 35" ikilasi medium-duty emishinini efanayo isisindo amathani 3,5;
- IVolkswagen LT 45 elayishiwe ephezulu kakhulu yamathani amaphakathi inesisindo esingamathani angu-4,5.
Ukulungiswa kwe-LT 28 kanye ne-35 bekungamaloli anezinjongo eziningi - flatbed, amaveni ensimbi aqinile anophahla oluphansi noluphakeme, imithwalo, amaveni asetshenziswayo, kanye nezimoto zezivakashi ezigingqike zaphuma emgqeni womhlangano. Amakhabethe omshayeli nabagibeli ayenziwe ngomugqa owodwa noma emibili yezihlalo.
Ngo-1983 kwenziwa ukulungiswa kabusha kokuqala kweVolkswagen LT 28, 35 no-45. Ngawo lowo nyaka, kwaqala ukukhiqizwa kweVolkswagen LT 55 enzima kakhulu, enesisindo esingamathani angu-5,6 ngegiya eligcwele. Izinguquko zithinte i-trim yangaphakathi namadeshibhodi. Izingxenye eziyinhloko zezimoto nazo zenziwa zesimanje. Ngo-1986, umenzi wanquma ukwenza ingaphandle ibe yesimanjemanje ngokushintsha ukuma kwezibani zibe isikwele. Kuwo wonke amamodeli, umzimba ubuqiniswa kwafakwa namabhande ezihlalo. Okunye ukulungiswa kabusha kwenziwa ngo-1993. Kwaklanywa ama-grille amasha, kanjalo nobhampa bangaphambili nabangemuva. Amadeshibhodi nokwakheka kwangaphakathi nakho kuthuthukisiwe.
Imishini yesizukulwane sokuqala isasebenza ngempumelelo. Ekubuyekezweni okuningi kwabashayeli, iqiniso lokuthi ama-cabs nemizimba yemoto zenziwa futhi zapendelwa yizinga eliphezulu kakhulu. Uma kungekho monakalo wemishini, wonke amaVolkswagen LT anesimo esihle somzimba, naphezu kweminyaka eminingi yokusebenza. Ingaphakathi lenzelwe emasikweni amahle kakhulu we-70-80s yekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ngaleso sikhathi, kwakukhona izinguquko ezimbalwa kanye nokushintsha, njengoba izimoto zazingenawo ugesi, njengoba kunjalo manje. Yingakho ideshibhodi ingacebile ngamageji.
Isondo lokuqondisa, njengomthetho, likhulu, lihlanganiswe nekholomu yokuqondisa enezikhulumi ezimbili kuphela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukulungiselelwa okuyisisekelo bekungahlonyiswanga isiteringi samandla kanye nokulungiswa kwendawo yekholomu. Ukulungiswa kungenzeka kuphela kuleyo mishini lapho yayalelwa khona njengenketho. Ngaphansi komsakazo, i-niche ephaneli yayisivele ihlinzekwe, kodwa izimoto zazingenawo. Injini itholakala ngaphezu kwe-asi yangaphambili, ngaphansi kwesihlalo somgibeli. Ngenxa yalokhu, ivulekile ngaphakathi, inikeza induduzo enhle kumshayeli nabagibeli.
Amakhabethe anomugqa owodwa - iminyango emibili. Amamodeli anemigqa emibili atholakala ezinguqulweni ezimbili: iminyango emibili nemine. Amakhabethe anohla olulodwa lwezihlalo angathwala abagibeli ababili nomshayeli. Imigqa emibili ngaphandle komshayeli ingathwala abagibeli abahlanu. Izidumbu zamabhasi amancane bezinezicabha ezinhlanu. Uchungechunge lwe-LT lwaba yimpumelelo kangangokuthi lwadonsa ukunaka kwenye inkampani yaseJalimane - MAN, umkhiqizi wamaloli asindayo. Kwasungulwa ukukhiqizwa okuhlangene kwezimoto ezinzima ngaphansi kohlobo lwe-MAN-Volkswagen. Kulesi sakhiwo, lezi zimoto zasebenza kwaze kwaba ngu-1996. Kulo nyaka, kwavela isizukulwane sesibili sezimoto - iVolkswagen LT II.
Технические характеристики
I-chassis yomndeni wonke we-LT yesizukulwane sokuqala yayinobude obuhlukene obuyi-2,5, 2,95 no-3,65 m. Ekuqaleni, izimoto zazifakwe izinjini ezine-cylinder ezine-cylinder Perkins 4.165 ezinama-75 amahhashi. Le njini izibonakalise kahle, ngakho yafakwa kwaze kwaba ngo-1982. Kusukela ngo-1976, iyunithi ye-diesel yenkampani efanayo enevolumu yamalitha angu-2,7 kanye nomthamo wamalitha angu-65 ingeziwe kuyo. Nge. Yabuye yayekwa ngo-1982.
Kusukela ngo-1979, iVolkswagen yaqala ukusebenzisa uphethiloli onamasilinda ayisithupha, udizili kanye ne-turbodiesel, esebenzisa isilinda esihlanganisiwe esinevolumu engama-2,4 amalitha namandla asuka ku-69 kuya ku-109 amahhashi. Ngesilinda esinjalo, ngo-1982 kwaqala ukukhiqizwa kweyunithi yedizili engu-2,4-litre ene-turbocharged enamandla angu-102. Ngo-1988 kwavela ukuguqulwa kwe-turbocharged yenjini efanayo ye-diesel, kuphela ngamandla aphansi - 92 hp. Nge.
Ezimotweni ezilula naphakathi, i-suspension yangaphambili izimele, i-double wishbones nama-coil springs. I-LT 45s enzima isivele ine-ekseli eqinile eziphethwini ezinde ezihlanganiswe kusuka kumashidi ambalwa. Ugearbox uwu-gearbox onamagiya amane noma amahlanu oshintshwayo. I-clutch inikezwe idrayivu yemishini. Imoto yayifakwe izinhlobo ezimbili zama-axles okushayela:
- ngegiya eliyinhloko elinesiteji esisodwa, umehluko onamasathelayithi amabili alayishwe ama-axle shafts;
- ngedrayivu yokugcina yesiteji esisodwa, umehluko onamasathelayithi amane nama-axle shafts alayishiwe.
Ezifundeni ezinengqalasizinda yemigwaqo engemihle, kwakhiqizwa izimoto ezidonsa ngawo wonke amasondo.
Ithebula: Ubukhulu beVolkswagen LT 35 kanye nokuguqulwa kwamaloli angama-45
| Ubukhulu, isisindo | IVolkswagen LT35 | IVolkswagen LT45 |
| Ubude mm | 4850 | 5630 |
| Ububanzi mm | 2050 | 2140 |
| Ukuphakama, mm | 2580 | 2315 |
| Isisindo se-curb, kg | 1800 | 1900 |
| Isisindo esiphezulu, kg | 3500 | 4500 |
Ividiyo: I-Volkswagen LT 28, ukubuka konke kwangaphakathi kwe-cab
Volkswagen LT isizukulwane sesibili
Ngo-1996, izimbangi ezimbili zaphakade - i-VW ne-Mercedes-Benz - yahlanganyela. Umphumela waba ukuzalwa kochungechunge oluhlanganisiwe olunezinhlobo ezimbili: iVolkswagen LT kanye neMersedes Sprinter. I-chassis yonke nomzimba kwakufana. Okuhlukile bekungaphambili kwekhebhu, injini nolayini bakagesi - i-automaker ngayinye yayineyakhe. U-1999 wakhumbuleka ngokuthi iMercedes ithuthukise ideshibhodi nezilawuli zokuhambisa ngesandla. KwaVolkswagen bakhethe ukushiya yonke into njengoba bekunjalo phambilini.
Ngo-1996, i-LT 45 yathathelwa indawo ukuguqulwa okusha - LT 46, enesisindo samathani angu-4,6 ngokusebenza. Ukugxila kwezinhloso eziningi zochungechunge olubuyekeziwe kulondoloziwe futhi kwanwetshwa. Ngaphandle kwamaveni anophahla oluhlukene, kuqhamuke amaloli ane-flatbed, amakhumbi ezimpahla nezinsiza, ama-minivan, amabhasi kanye namaloli alahlwayo. Ukukhiqizwa kwalolu chungechunge lwezimoto zeVolkswagen kwaqhubeka kwaze kwaba ngu-2006.
Igalari Yezithombe: Kubuyekeziwe Uchungechunge lwe-LT
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- Ngo-1996, i-front cab yathatha amafomu esimanje.
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- Imoto isivele inesivalo lapho kungena khona injini
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- Imodeli yeVolkswagen LT 46 yavela ngo-1996
Izici izimoto "Volkswagen" LT isizukulwane sesibili
Isisindo somngcele wazo zonke izimoto sinqunywa amadijithi amabili okugcina okuguqulwa - okufana ncamashi nesizukulwane sokuqala. Amabhuleki ama-disc ayefakwe emasondweni angaphambili nangemuva awo wonke ama-LT. Ingaphakathi le-salon lishintshile. Izihlalo ezintsha ezine-ergonomic kanye nesimo sesondo sokushayela esintofontofo, kanye nekhono lokwenza izinguquko eziningi esihlalweni somshayeli, okuhlanganisa ukusilungisa ukuze sibe nobude, kwenze uhambo lwaba lula. Uma esizukulwaneni sokuqala i-power steering yayiyinketho, kusukela ngo-1996 isivele ikhona ekucushweni okuyisisekelo. Ama-wheelbase nawo ashintshile:
- LT 28 - 3000-3550 mm;
- LT 35 - kusuka ku-3000 kuya ku-4025 mm;
- LT 46 — 3550–4025 mm.Ukuguqulwa kwe-LT 46 II kwaqala ukukhiqizwa ngo-1996
Ideshibhodi yomshayeli ine-speedometer, i-tachometer, izinga lokushisa le-antifreeze kanye nezinzwa zezinga likaphethiloli ethangini. I-speedometer ihlanganiswe ne-tachograph. Kukhona nezibani eziningi ezixwayisayo ezinikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe kumshayeli. Ukulawula kulula, izibambo ezimbalwa nezihluthulelo - ungavula ukushisa kwamafasitela, futhi ulungise amandla okushisa nomoya. Ukuqhubeka kwemiklamo ye-cab kwagcinwa - kwa-VW bakhiqize amakhabethe anomugqa owodwa nangamarowu amabili anezicabha ezimbili nezine zezimoto. Amasondo angemuva ezinhlobo ezingu-28 no-35 ahlukene, kwi-LT 46 ahlukene. Isistimu ye-ABS yatholakala njengenketho.
Izici ezimfushane
I-LT manje isinezitimela ezine zikadizili. Ezintathu zazo zaziyivolumu efanayo - amalitha angu-2,5, ayenamasilinda angu-5 nama-valve angu-10, kodwa ahluke ngamandla (89, 95 no-109 hp). Lokhu kungenzeka uma ukwakhiwa kwenjini kwenziwa kube ngeyesimanjemanje. Eyesine, i-six-cylinder diesel injini, yaqala ukukhiqizwa ngo-2002, yayinamandla angu-2,8 amalitha, yathuthukisa amandla angu-158 amalitha. s futhi idle amalitha angu-8/100 kuphela emjikelezweni ohlangene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulayini wamayunithi amandla kwakukhona injini yomjovo we-cylinder ene-cylinder esatshalaliswa ngevolumu engu-2,3 amalitha namandla angama-143 amalitha. Nge. Isebenzisa igesi engu-8,6 l/100 km.
Kuzo zonke izimoto zesizukulwane sesibili, i-suspension yangaphambili izimele, ene-spring leaf spring. Intwasahlobo engemuva - encike, enama-telescopic shock absorbers. Zonke izimoto zesizukulwane sesibili zazinokhiye ohlukile we-axle wangemuva. Lokhu kungenzeka kwenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukwandisa kakhulu ikhono lokunqamula izwe esimweni sezulu esinzima nezimo zomgwaqo. I-automaker inikeze iwaranti yeminyaka emi-2 yazo zonke izimoto zochungechunge lwe-LT, kanye newaranti yeminyaka engu-12 yomsebenzi womzimba.
Ithebula: ubukhulu nesisindo samaveni ezimpahla
| Ubukhulu, isisekelo, isisindo | IVolkswagen LT 28 II | IVolkswagen LT 35 II | IVolkswagen LT46 |
| Ubude mm | 4835 | 5585 | 6535 |
| Ububanzi mm | 1933 | 1933 | 1994 |
| Ukuphakama, mm | 2350 | 2570 | 2610 |
| Isondo, mm | 3000 | 3550 | 4025 |
| Isisindo se-curb, kg | 1817 | 1977 | 2377 |
| Isisindo esibi | 2800 | 3500 | 4600 |
Ithebula libonisa amaveni anamasondo ahlukene. Uma izisekelo zokuguqulwa okuhlukile zifana, khona-ke ubukhulu bazo buyafana. Isibonelo, amaveni amancane i-LT 28 kanye ne-35 ane-wheelbase engu-3 28 mm, ngakho-ke ubukhulu bawo buyafana naleyo ye-LT XNUMX van enesisekelo esifanayo. Ukunqanda isisindo kanye nesisindo esibi kuphela kuyahluka.
Ithebula: ubukhulu nesisindo sama-pickups
| Ubukhulu, isisekelo, isisindo | IVolkswagen LT 28 II | IVolkswagen LT 35 II | IVolkswagen LT46 |
| Ubude mm | 5070 | 5855 | 6803 |
| Ububanzi mm | 1922 | 1922 | 1922 |
| Ukuphakama, mm | 2150 | 2155 | 2160 |
| Isondo, mm | 3000 | 3550 | 4025 |
| Isisindo se-curb, kg | 1857 | 2031 | 2272 |
| Isisindo esibi | 2800 | 3500 | 4600 |
Azikho izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwezinye izinguquko maqondana nokunye. Imodeli ngayinye inomthamo othile womthwalo, onquma ububanzi bayo. Lonke uchungechunge lunezinjongo eziningi, okungukuthi, amamodeli alo akhiqizwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuguqulwa. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinjini, ingaphakathi le-cab kanye negiya lokugijima kuphinde kuqede umehluko phakathi kwe-LT 28, 35 kanye ne-46.
Ividiyo: "Volkswagen LT 46 II"
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwezimoto ezinophethiloli nezinjini zikadizili
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwezinjini zikaphethiloli nezinjini zikadizili? Mayelana nomklamo, ziyafana, kodwa izinjini zikadizili ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zinkulu ekwakhiweni kwazo, yingakho zibiza kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ahlala isikhathi eside ngenxa yezici zawo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingcono ekukhiqizeni. Uphethiloli wezinjini zikadizili ungaphethiloli we-diesel oshibhile, wezinjini zokujova - uphethiloli. Ingxube kaphethiloli womoya ezinjinini zomjovo ibaswa inhlansi eyakhiwe ngamakhandlela.
Emagunjini avuthayo ezinjini zikadizili, umfutho womoya ukhuphuka ekucindezelweni kwawo amapiston, kuyilapho izinga lokushisa lomoya likhuphuka. Khona-ke, lapho yomibili le mingcele ifinyelela inani elanele (ingcindezi - 5 MPa, izinga lokushisa - 900 ° C), imibhobho ijova uphethiloli wedizili. Yilapho ukuthungela kwenzeka khona. Ukuze uphethiloli we-diesel ungene ekamelweni lokushisa, kusetshenziswa i-high-pressure fuel pump (TNVD).
Okungavamile kokusebenza kwamayunithi kagesi we-diesel kuvumela ukuba bathole amandla alinganiselwe ngisho nenani eliphansi lama-revolutions, kusukela ku-2 XNUMX ngomzuzu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi udizili awuzibeki izidingo kuphethiloli kadizili. Ngezinjini zikaphethroli, isimo sibi kakhulu. Bazuza amandla e-nameplate kuphela kusuka ku-3,5-4 ama-revolutions ayizinkulungwane ngomzuzu futhi lokhu kuyiphutha labo.
Enye inzuzo yezinjini zikadizili ukusebenza kahle. I-Common Rail system, manje efakwe kuzo zonke izinjini zikadizili ezenziwe eYurophu, inika uphethiloli kadizili ngokunemba kwamamiligremu futhi inquma ngokunembile isikhathi sokutholakala kwayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukusebenza kahle kwawo kucishe kube ngama-40% aphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa namayunithi kaphethiloli, futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuphansi ngo-20-30%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona i-carbon monoxide encane ekukhishweni kwedizili, okubuye kube inzuzo futhi manje kuhambisana nezinga lezemvelo le-Euro 6. Izihlungi zezinhlayiya zisusa ngempumelelo izingxube eziyingozi ekukhishweni.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izinjini diesel ekhiqizwa eminyakeni engu-30 edlule namanje ukonga ngaphezu carburetor uphethiloli izinjini ngesikhathi esifanayo ukukhiqizwa. Ububi bamayunithi edizili buhlanganisa izinga eliphezulu lomsindo, kanye nokudlidliza okuhambisana nomsebenzi wawo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukucindezela okuphezulu kwakhiwa emakamelweni omlilo. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani zenziwa zibe zinkulu kakhulu. Kukhona nokunye okungalungile:
- ukuzwela izinga likaphethiloli;
- izindleko eziphezulu zokulungisa;
- isivinini esincane (kufika ku-4500 ngomzuzu).
Ukwazi izici zazo zombili izinhlobo zezinjini, umnikazi ngamunye wesikhathi esizayo angakhetha ukuthenga iphakethe le-diesel elibiza kakhulu noma akhethe inketho ngenjini kaphethiloli.
Ividiyo: i-diesel noma i-petroli injector - iyiphi injini engcono
Izibuyekezo abanikazi nabashayeli mayelana Volkswagen LT
Uchungechunge lwe-LT lwesizukulwane sokuqala nesesibili selunesikhathi eside lusebenza. "I-Volkswagen LT" yesizukulwane sokuqala, ekhishwe eminyakeni engu-20 kuya kwengu-40 edlule, isaqhubeka. Lokhu kukhuluma ngekhwalithi enhle kakhulu "yesiJalimane" nesimo esihle sale mishini. Ama-rarities abiza kusuka ku-6 kuya ku-10 amadola ayizinkulungwane, naphezu kweminyaka yabo yobudala. Ngakho-ke, izilinganiso zalezi zimoto zifanelwe ukunakwa.
IVolkswagen LT 1987 2.4 eshintshwayo. Imoto yinhle! Iqhubeke iminyaka emi-4 nezinyanga eziyisi-6, azikho izinkinga. Ukugijima kuthambile futhi kuqinile. Ngemuva kwe-bulkhead bulkhead, kuphela emva kweminyaka emi-2 kwakudingeka ukuthi kushintshwe ibhola eliphezulu elingakwesokudla kanye nama-bushings angaphandle we-stabilizer. Injini ithembekile futhi ilula. Ukusetshenziswa edolobheni kuze kufike kumalitha ayi-10 (nobukhulu obunjalo nobukhulu). Izinzile emzileni, kodwa ngenxa yomoya omkhulu ovunguzayo izwela ukuvunguza komoya. Ikhabethe libanzi kakhulu. Ngemva kokungena ku-GAZelle, i-Mercedes-100 MV, i-Fiat-Ducat (kuze kube ngu-94) futhi uqonde ngempela ukuthi ungumnikazi we-super cabin. Uhlaka lomzimba, ukugcwala ngokweqile akusabi. Ngokuvamile, ngangiyithanda imoto. Ngiyithengise ezinyangeni ezimbili ezedlule, futhi ngisakhumbula njengomngane othembekile nothembekile…
Volkswagen LT 1986 imoto ethembekile kakhulu. "Insephe" yethu ayihambi kunoma yikuphi ukuqhathanisa. Cishe lonke ibanga lemoto linomthwalo ofinyelela kumathani angu-2,5. Isebenza ebusika nasehlobo. Ukungathobeki kuphethiloli namafutha ethu. Ukukhiya i-asi yangemuva - yilokhu okudingayo emaphandleni.
I-Volkswagen LT 1999 Imoto iyamangalisa! Inyamazane ngeke ime eduze kwayo, igcina umgwaqo ngokuphelele. Erobhothini, isuka kalula endaweni isuka emotweni yabagibeli yasekhaya. Abafisa ukuthenga iveni yensimbi yonke, ngikweluleka ukuthi uhlale kuyo. Ingcono kakhulu kunanoma yimuphi omunye umkhiqizo kuleli klasi.
Izimoto zezentengiselwano ezikhiqizwa ukukhathazeka kweVolkswagen zinokwethenjelwa futhi azinasizotha kangangokuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuthola ukubuyekezwa okungalungile ngazo.
IVolkswagen yenze konke okusemandleni ayo, ikhiqiza izimoto ezithembekile nezingenasizotha iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amane. Iqiniso lokuthi abakhiqizi bezimoto abahamba phambili baseYurophu - i-MAN ne-Mersedes-Benz - bahlongoze ukuthuthukiswa okuhlangene kwezimoto ezinjalo, likhuluma ngegunya elingangabazeki kanye nobuholi beVolkswagen. Ukwenziwa kwesimanjemanje ngezikhathi kanye nokwethulwa kwezinto ezintsha zakamuva kuholele ekutheni ngo-4 ubuchopho bakhe bakamuva - iVolkswagen Crafter ebuyekeziwe - yaqashelwa njengeveni elingcono kakhulu ezwenikazi laseYurophu.
