Ama-Swans, noma umlando omude wokwakha imikhumbi yokuqeqesha, ingxenye 2

I-ORP "Vodnik" ngo-1977 iqondisa ngaphambi kokuphuma okulandelayo olwandle. Iqoqo lezithombe zeMV Museum / Stanislav Pudlik

Umagazini wangaphambilini we-"Mórz i Okrętów" wethule umlando omude nodidayo wokuklama imikhumbi yokuqeqesha ye-Polish Navy. Isiphetho semikhumbi ngaphansi kwegama lekhodi elithi "Swan" siyaqhubeka ngezansi.

Ngemva kweminyaka engu-15 yemizamo, ukushintsha umqondo kanye nezidingo, imikhumbi yokuqeqeshwa emibili ye-Project 888 yadluliselwa e-Naval Academy (VMAV) ngo-1976.

Incazelo Yesakhiwo

Imikhumbi ye-Project 888 ithole umkhumbi wensimbi onesistimu yebracing ephambene, eshiselwe ngokugcwele ngesandla, ngokuzenzakalelayo noma ngokuzenzakalelayo. Amayunithi akhiwe ngendlela yebhulokhi, umkhumbi wezingxenye ezintathu, kanye nendlu yamasondo emihlanu. Oxhumana nabo abakhwezayo babekwe endizeni efanayo. Izinhlangothi nazo zathola uhlelo lokubopha olunqamulayo, futhi i-superstructure (inqaba) kanye nokusikwa kwakuxutshwe. Engxenyeni emaphakathi ye-hull, i-double bottom yakhelwe, ikakhulukazi esetshenziselwa amathangi esevisi ahlukahlukene. Amayunithi athole ama-anti-keel keel ezinhlangothini zombili, asuka kumafreyimu angama-27 kuye kwangama-74, i.e. kusuka ku-1,1 kuya ku-15 amagumbi. Emphemeni oyinhloko ngaphakathi kwendlu yamasondo (ezansi) i-bulwark yengezwe enobude obungamamitha angu-XNUMX. Abaklami banikeze isiqinisekiso sokuthi amabhulokhi azoba ngamakamelo amabili angenakucwiliswa. Ngokwemithetho, bangabhukuda noma kuphi emhlabeni. Amathani angama-XNUMX e-ballast angangezwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza kwephrojekthi.

I-hull inama-bulkheads angangeni amanzi angu-10 anqamulayo ahlukanisa ingaphakathi lawo libe amakhompathi angu-11. Lawa ma-bulkheads atholakala kumafreyimu 101, 91, 80, 71, 60, 50, 35, 25, 16 kanye no-3 - uma ebhekwa kusukela kumnsalo, njengoba izinombolo ze-bulkhead ziqala ngemuva. Ezingxenyeni ze-fuselage, futhi lapho zibhekwa kusukela kumnsalo, amakamelo alandelayo ahlelwe:

• I-Compartment I - umnsalo owedlulele uqukethe kuphela ukunikezwa kopende;

• I-Compartment II - ihlukaniswe yaba izitolo ezimbili, eyokuqala ngamaketanga okusetshenzwa kwehange (ama-chain chamber), esesibili ngesezingxenye eziyisipele;

• Isigaba III - sithathe indawo yokugcina impahla kagesi kanye nezindawo zokuhlala amacadet angama-21;

• I-Compartment IV - lapha, ngokulandelayo, kwaklanywa indawo yokuhlala yama-cadet angu-24 kanye nendawo yokubeka izinhlamvu enesisetshenziswa sokuphakela, ekhushulwe maphakathi ne-longitudinal symmetry ye-hull, yaklanywa;

• I-Compartment V - ezinhlangothini kunezindawo zokuhlala ezimbili, ngayinye yamatilosi angu-15, futhi igumbi lokuguqula kanye nendlunkulu yezikhali itholakala phakathi nendawo endizeni yokulinganisa;

• I-Compartment VI - ihlukaniswe yaba yizindawo zokuhlala ezimbili zama-cadet angu-18 ngayinye kanye ne-gyroscope empintsha phakathi kwazo;

• Igumbi le-VII - elokuqala kwamakamelo amathathu enjini, lihlala zombili izinjini ezinkulu;

• I-Compartment VIII - nazi izindlela zalokho okubizwa. isikhungo samandla esisizayo esinamayunithi amathathu kanye nendlu ebhayela enobhayela wamanzi ome mpo ngezidingo zabo;

• I-Compartment IX - kulo, kubo bonke ububanzi be-hull, kukhona i-NCC, indawo yokulawula yegumbi lenjini, ilandelwa yi-hydrophore compartment kanye negumbi lenjini lendawo yokugcina impahla ebandayo;

• I-Compartment X - igcwele ngokuphelele indawo yokugcina impahla eqandisiwe, ehlukaniswe ngezinhlobonhlobo;

• I-Compartment XI - igumbi le-electro-hydraulic steering gear kanye nezitolo ezincane ezinemishini yezimo eziphuthumayo kanye ne-anti-chemical.

Idekhi eyinhloko ihlalwa yi-superstructure, esukela emnsalweni iye emaphakathi, bese igeleza kahle ingene esigabeni sokuqala se-deckhouse. Futhi, ukusuka emnsalweni kule superstructure, izakhiwo ezilandelayo zavezwa: ekuphakameni, okungenzeka ukuthi ngeke kusimangaze noma ubani, indawo yokugcina impahla ye-boatswain yayitholakala; ngemuva kwayo kunendlu yokugezela enkulu enezindlu zangasese, igumbi lokugeza, igumbi lokugqoka, igumbi elondolo, indawo yokomisa, indawo yokugcina impahla yelineni engcolile kanye nendawo yokugcina izinto zokuhlanza; ngokuqhubekayo, ezinhlangothini zombili zephaseji, igumbi lokuhlala elilodwa lama-cadet ayisithupha kanye namahlanu ezimpawu kanye nezikhulu ezingagunyaziwe (amathathu noma amane). Ngasohlangothini lwe-starboard kunendawo yomtapo wolwazi enegumbi lokufunda, igumbi lesikhulu elingagunyaziwe kanye newodi enkulu yama-cadet namatilosi. Igumbi lokugcina lingaguqulwa kalula libe ikilasi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi kunewodi yesikhulu, nayo eyisaluni emele umkhumbi. Ama-pantries ayenamathiselwe kuwo womabili amakamelo okudlela.