Lancia

Okuqukethwe UmsunguliI-EmblemUmlando wemoto kumamodeli Umkhiqizo we-Lancia ubulokhu uthathwa njengoyimpikiswano kakhulu. Ngandlela-thile, izimoto zaziphakeme kakhulu kunezimbangi, kodwa ngezinye izindlela zazingaphansi kakhulu kunabo. Okungashiwo ngokuqinisekile ukuthi abazange bashiye abantu bengenandaba, naphezu kokungavumelani okunamandla. Lo mkhiqizo wenganekwane uhlangabezane nezikhathi ezinzima nezimbi, kodwa ukwazile ukugcina isithunzi esihle nesimo esihlonishwayo. Manje uLancia ukhiqiza imodeli eyodwa kuphela, okuwumphumela wokuncipha kwesithakazelo enkampanini kanye nenkinga enkulu yezomnotho, ngenxa yokuthi inkampani yalahlekelwa kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, idumela lakhe laqinisekiswa amamodeli amadala akhishwe ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza komkhiqizo. Basakhiqiza isithakazelo esikhulu kunamamodeli esimanje, yingakho minyaka yonke iLancia iba umlando. Futhi, mhlawumbe, lokhu kungcono kakhulu, ukuze abashayeli bezimoto bangalahlekelwa inhlonipho yomkhiqizo kanye nendlela ende yentuthuko kule makethe. Phela, kubalulekile ukuyeka ngesikhathi, futhi ungashiywa ngaphandle nethuba lokuhlangabezana nokulindelwe yibo bonke abathandi beLancia nezimoto zayo ezidumile. Umsunguli we-Lancia Automobiles SpA ungunjiniyela wase-Italy nomshayeli wemijaho uVincenzo Lancia. Wazalelwa emndenini ojwayelekile futhi wayengumfana omncane wezingane ezi-4. Kusukela esemncane, wabonisa isithakazelo esikhethekile kwizibalo futhi enesithakazelo kwezobuchwepheshe. Abazali babekholelwa ukuthi uVincenzo wayezoba i-accountant, futhi yena ngokwakhe wayenaka umsebenzi onjalo. Kodwa ngokushesha okukhulu, izimoto zokuqala zengxenye yesibili yekhulu le-XNUMX zaba yinto yokuzilibazisa ebalulekile kuye. UVincenzo waba umfundi kaGiovanni Battista Seirano, kamuva owasungula inkampani yakwaFiat futhi waba nesandla ekwakhiweni kweLancia. Yiqiniso, wayebuyela emsebenzini wokuba umcwaningi mabhuku ngezikhathi ezithile. Lapho uLancia eba neminyaka engu-19, waqokwa njengomshayeli wokuhlola kanye nomhloli wakwaFiat. Wabhekana nemisebenzi yakhe ngokungenaphutha, ezuza ulwazi oluwusizo oluwusizo, olwasiza ekusunguleni olwakhe uhlobo. Ngokushesha uVincenzo waba umshayeli womjaho: ngo-1900, emotweni yakwa-Fiat, wawina i-First French Grand Prix. Ngisho nangaleso sikhathi, waba umuntu ohlonishwayo, ngakho ukwakhiwa kwemboni ehlukile kwakungesona isinqumo esizenzekelayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kwavusa isithakazelo: abashayeli bezimoto babelindele amamodeli amasha ngokuntula isineke esikhulu. Ngo-1906, umshayeli womjaho kanye nonjiniyela basungula inkampani yakhe, i-Fabbrica Automobili Lancia, ngokusekelwa umngane uClaudio Forgiolin. Bendawonye bathola imboni encane eTurin, lapho baqala khona izimoto ezizayo. Imodeli yokuqala yayibizwa ngokuthi i-18-24 HP, futhi ngezindinganiso zalezo zikhathi yayingabizwa ngokuthi i-revolutionary. Nokho, ngokushesha uLancia wasilalela iseluleko somfowabo futhi waqala ukuqamba izimoto ngamagama esiGreki ukuze kube lula kubathengi. Onjiniyela nabasiki bengqephu bethule kule moto ubuchwepheshe obuphambili kanye nentuthuko eseqophelweni eliphezulu asebesebenze kuyo unyaka owodwa. Phakathi neminyaka embalwa, i-Fabbrica Automobili Lancia yakhiqiza izimoto ezi-3, okwathi ngemva kwalokho inkampani yashintshela ekukhiqizeni amaloli nezimoto ezihlomile. Iminyaka yempi yazenzela ezazo izinguquko, ukungqubuzana kwezifundazwe kwakudinga izinguquko. Khona-ke, ngenxa yomsebenzi onzima, kwenziwa izinjini ezintsha, ezaba nentuthuko enkulu embonini yezimoto. Ngemva kokuphela kwezingxabano, indawo yokukhiqiza yanda kakhulu - ukungqubuzana kwezikhali kwasiza ukuthuthukiswa kwenkampani entsha ngaleso sikhathi. Kakade ngo-1921, inkampani yakhipha imodeli yokuqala ngomzimba we-monocoque - kwase kuba yiyona kuphela yohlobo lwayo. Futhi, imodeli yayifakwe ukumiswa okuzimele, okwandise ukuthengisa futhi kwabavumela ukuba behle emlandweni. Imodeli elandelayo ye-Astura yasebenzisa indlela enegunya lobunikazi evumela ukuthi uxhume uhlaka nenjini. Ngenxa yalobu buchwepheshe obusha, ukudlidliza akuzange kuzwakale kukhabethe, ngakho uhambo lwaba lula futhi lujabulisa ngangokunokwenzeka ngisho nasemigwaqweni enezikhisi. Imoto elandelayo nayo yayiyingqayizivele ngaleso sikhathi - u-Aurelia wasebenzisa injini engu-6-cylinder V. Ngaleso sikhathi, abaklami abaningi kanye onjiniyela ngephutha bakholelwa ukuthi ngeke ulinganisele, kodwa Lancia wafakazela okuphambene. Ngo-1969, abaphathi benkampani bathengisa ingxenye enkulu kwaFiat. Naphezu kokungena kwenye inkampani, uLancia wathuthukisa wonke amamodeli njengenkampani ehlukile futhi akazange ancike kumnikazi omusha nganoma iyiphi indlela. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kwaphuma izimoto ezimbalwa eziphawulekayo, kodwa kusukela ngo-2015 inani lezimoto ezikhiqizwayo liye lancipha kancane kancane, futhi manje inkampani ikhiqiza kuphela iLancia Ypsilon kubathengi base-Italy. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, umkhiqizo ulahlekelwe kakhulu - cishe ama-euro angu-700, ngakho abaphathi bacabange ukuthi kwakungenakwenzeka ukuvuselela isimo sangaphambili somkhiqizo. I-Emblem Ngo-000, ngenkathi inkampani iqala umsebenzi wayo, yayingenalo uphawu lwayo. Emotweni kwakukhona umbhalo ohlanzekile othi "Lancia" ngaphandle kwemininingwane engadingekile. Kakade ngo-1911, ngenxa ka-Count Carl Biscaretti di Ruffia, umngane oseduze kaVincenzo Lancia, kwavela uphawu lokuqala. Bekuyisondo eli-4-spoke elibhekene nefulegi eliluhlaza. I-flagpole yakhe yayiyisithombe sohlelo lomkhonto, ngoba yile ndlela igama lenkampani elihunyushwa ngayo lisuka kusiNtaliyane. Eduze, ngakwesokudla, kwakukhona isithombe sesibambo se-accelerator ngakwesokudla, futhi igama lomkhiqizo we-Lancia lase liphakathi nendawo. Ngendlela, inkampani igcina ifonti ecocekile kuze kube namuhla. Ngo-1929, u-Count Carl Biscaretti di Ruffia wayefuna ukwenza izinguquko ezithile ekwakhiweni kophawu. Wabeka ilogo efanayo eyindilinga ngokumelene nesizinda sesihlangu, futhi kusukela lapho uphawu luye lwahlala lunjalo iminyaka eminingi. Ngo-1957, uphawu lwaphinde lwashintshwa. Ama-spokes akhishwe esiteringini, futhi i-logo ngokwayo yalahlekelwa imibala yayo. Ngokusho kwabaklami, le ndlela yayibukeka iyisitayela futhi yesimanje. Ngo-1974, indaba yokushintsha i-logo yaphinde yabaluleka. Izipika zesondo lokuqondisa nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ocebile zibuyiselwe kuye, kodwa izithombe zezinye izakhi ngokwazo zenziwe lula kakhulu ukuze zibe izithombe ze-schematic minimalistic. Ngo-2000, izakhi ezikhethekile ze-chrome zengezwa ku-logo ye-Lancia, ngenxa yokuthi uphawu lwalubukeka lunezinhlangothi ezintathu ngisho nasezithombeni ezinezinhlangothi ezimbili. Isikhathi sokugcina i-logo yashintshwa ngo-2007: khona-ke ochwepheshe baseRobilant Associati basebenza kuyo. Njengengxenye yokwenziwa kabusha kwebhrendi okungathi sína, isondo lalipendwe ngokusobala, laphinda lasusa izikhulumi ezi-2, futhi okunye kwasebenza “njengesikhombi” esizungeze uphawu lwe-Lancia. Yiqiniso, abathandi bomkhiqizo abazange bajabulele iqiniso lokuthi manje i-logo yayingenawo umkhonto nefulege elithandwa abaningi. Umlando wemoto kumamodeli Imodeli yokuqala yathola isihloko sokusebenza 18-24 HP, yabe isiqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-Alpha. Yaphuma ngo-1907 futhi yathuthukiswa ngonyaka nje. Yasebenzisa i-cardan shaft esikhundleni seketango, futhi enye yezinjini zokuqala ezingu-6-cylinder nazo zaziswa. Ngokusekelwe emotweni yokuqala ephumelelayo, enye imodeli yadalwa ebizwa ngokuthi i-Dialpha, yaphuma ngo-1908 inezici ezifanayo. Umshini weTheta uvela ngo-1913. Waba enye yezimoto ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. Ngo-1921, iLambda yakhululwa. Izinto zayo bekuyi-suspension ezimele kanye nesigungu esithwalayo, ngaleso sikhathi imoto ibingeyokuqala ngqa. Ngo-1937, u-Aprilia uphuma emgqeni womhlangano - imodeli yokugcina, ekuthuthukisweni kwayo uVincenzo Lancia ngokwakhe ehileleke ngokuqondile. Idizayini yemoto yayifana ne-May bug, kamuva eyaqashelwa njengesitayela esiyingqayizivele nesingenakulinganiswa somsunguli wenkampani. I-Aprilia yathathelwa indawo u-Aurelia - imoto yaqala ukuboniswa eTurin ngo-1950. UVittorio Yano, omunye wezingcweti ezinhle kakhulu zesikhathi sakhe, wabamba iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwemodeli entsha. Khona-ke injini entsha eyenziwe nge-aluminium alloys yafakwa emotweni. Ngo-1972, emakethe kwavela enye imodeli - iLancia Beta, lapho kufakwe khona ama-camshaft amabili enjini. Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-rally i-Stratos nayo yakhululwa - abagijimi baphumelele izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa imiklomelo ngemuva kwesondo ngesikhathi sokushayela amahora angu-24 e-Le Mans. Ngo-1984, kwaphuma i-sedan entsha ye-Lancia Thema. Kudingeka ngisho nanamuhla, ngoba nangalezo zinsuku, umshini wokushisa umoya, ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu kanye namabhodi olwazi afakwe emotweni, abonisa ulwazi mayelana nesimo sobuchwepheshe bemoto. Isakhiwo seThema sesiphelelwe yisikhathi, kodwa abathanda izimoto bayaqaphela ukuthi le moto yenziwe kahle kakhulu uma kubhekwa ukuthi yaphuma ngo-1984. Kakade ngo-1989, kwethulwa i-Lancia Dedra, i-sedan eyayibhekwa njengeklasi le-premium. Khona-ke imoto yezemidlalo yenza i-splash sibonga engxenyeni yezobuchwepheshe kanye nomklamo ocabangelayo. Ngo-1994, ngemizamo ehlanganyelwe ye-Peugeot, FIAT kanye ne-Citroen, kwavela inqola yesiteshi sikaLancia Zeta, futhi ngokushesha umhlaba wabona uLancia Kappa, uLancia Y, uLancia Thesis noLancia Phedra. Izimoto azizange zithole ukuthandwa okuningi, ngakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inani lamamodeli ethulwa liye lancipha. Kusukela ngo-2017, inkampani ikhiqize imoto eyodwa kuphela yeLancia Ypsilon, futhi leyo igxile emakethe yase-Italy kuphela.