Umlando wohlobo lwemoto iLancia
Umkhiqizo weLancia ubulokhu uthathwa njengokuphikisana kakhulu. Ngandlela thile, izimoto beziphakeme kakhulu kunezimbangi, kanti kwezinye beziphansi kakhulu kuzo. Singasho nje ngokuqinisekile ukuthi abakaze bashiye abantu bengenandaba, naphezu kokungezwani okuqinile. Lo mkhiqizo odumile uhlangabezane nezikhathi ezinzima nezimbi futhi, kepha ukwazile ukugcina idumela elihle nesithunzi esihlonishwayo. ILancia njengamanje ikhiqiza imodeli eyodwa kuphela, okuwumphumela wokwehla kwenzalo enkampanini kanye nenkinga enkulu yezomnotho, ngenxa yalokho inkampani yalahlekelwa kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke idumela lakhe laqinisekiswa amamodeli amadala akhishwe ngesikhathi somkhiqizo. Zisakhipha inzalo eningi kunamamodeli wesimanje amaningi, yingakho iLancia iba umlando minyaka yonke. Futhi, mhlawumbe, kungenxa yokuhamba phambili ukuthi abashayeli bangalahli inhlonipho ngomkhiqizo nendlela yawo ende yokuthuthuka kule makethe. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kubalulekile ukuma ngesikhathi, futhi ungashiywa ungena thuba lokuhlangabezana nokulindelwe yibo bonke abalandeli bakaLancia nezimoto zayo ezidumile.
Umsunguli
ILancia Automobiles SpA yasungulwa ngunjiniyela wase-Italy uVincenzo Lancia. Wazalelwa emndenini ojwayelekile futhi wayengumfana omncane kunabo bonke ezinganeni ze-4. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, waba nesithakazelo esikhethekile kwizibalo futhi wayenesithakazelo kwezobuchwepheshe. Abazali bakholelwa ukuthi uVincenzo nakanjani uzoba yi-accountant, futhi yena ngokwakhe wanaka lo msebenzi. Kepha ngokushesha okukhulu, izimoto zokuqala zesigamu sesibili sekhulu le-XNUMX zaba yinto ebalulekile kuye. UVincenzo waba ngumfundi kaGiovanni Battista Seirano, owasungula iFiat kamuva futhi waba nesandla ekwakheni iLancia. Nokho, ngezikhathi ezithile wabuyela emsebenzini accountant.
Lapho uLancia eba neminyaka engu-19, waqokwa njengomshayeli we-Fiat kanye nomhloli wokuhlola. Wabhekana nemisebenzi yakhe ngokungenaphutha, ethola ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu, olwasiza ekusunguleni uphawu lwakhe. Ngokushesha, uVincenzo waba ngumjaho wamahhashi: ngo-1900 wawina iFirst French Grand Prix emotweni yeFiat. Noma kunjalo, waba ngumuntu ohlonishwayo, ngakho ukudala ifektri ehlukile kwakungeyona isinqumo esizenzekelayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kubhebhethekisa inzalo: abashayeli bezimoto babebheke phambili kumamodeli amasha ngokungabekezeli okukhulu.
Ngo-1906, umgijimi nonjiniyela wasungula inkampani yakhe, iFabbrica Automobili Lancia, ngokuxhaswa nguClaudio Forjolin. Ndawonye bathola isitshalo esincane eTurin, lapho babehlanganyela khona ekwakhiweni kwezimoto ezizayo. Imodeli yokuqala yabizwa nge-18-24 HP, futhi ngokwamazinga walezo zikhathi ingabizwa ngokuthi inguquko. Kodwa-ke, uLancia washeshe walalela iseluleko somfowabo futhi waqala ukubiza izimoto ngezinhlamvu zamagama esiGreki ukuze kube lula abathengi. Onjiniyela nabaqambi basebenzise ubuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu nentuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu emotweni, asebenze kuyo unyaka owodwa.
Kungakapheli iminyaka eminingana, uFabbrica Automobili Lancia wakhiqiza izimoto ezi-3, ngemuva kwalokho inkampani yashintshela ekukhiqizeni amaloli nezimoto ezihlomile. Iminyaka yempi yenze ushintsho lwayo, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwamazwe kwakudinga izinguquko. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngenxa yomsebenzi onzima, izinjini ezintsha zenziwa, ezaba nentuthuko enkulu embonini yezimoto.
Ngemuva kokuphela kobutha, indawo yokukhiqiza yanda kakhulu - ingxabano ehlomile yasiza ukuthuthukiswa kwenkampani entsha ngaleso sikhathi. Kakade ngo-1921, inkampani yakhipha imodeli yokuqala enomzimba we-monocoque - ngakho-ke yaba yinto enhle. Le modeli ibuye ibe nokumiswa okuzimele, okwenyuse ukuthengisa kwayenza yaba umlando.
Imodeli elandelayo ye-Astura isebenzise indlela enelungelo lobunikazi evumela ukuthi ifreyimu nenjini kuhlanganiswe. Ngenxa yalobu buchwepheshe obusha, ukudlidlizela akuzwakalanga egumbini eliphakathi nendawo, ngakho-ke ukuhamba kwaba mnandi futhi kujabulise ngangokunokwenzeka, ngisho nasemigwaqeni enamagqubu. Imoto elandelayo nayo yayihlukile ngaleso sikhathi - i-Aurelia yasebenzisa injini eyi-6-cylinder V-engine. Ngaleso sikhathi, abaklami abaningi nonjiniyela bakholelwa ngephutha ukuthi ngeke ilinganiswe, kepha uLancia wakufakazela okuhlukile.
Ngo-1969, abaphathi benkampani bathengisa isigxobo esilawulayo eFiat. Yize ejoyine enye inkampani, uLancia wenza wonke amamodeli njengenkampani ehlukile futhi akazange ancike kumnikazi omusha nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuphume izimoto eziningi eziphawuleka kakhulu, kepha kusukela ngo-2015 inani lezimoto ezikhiqizwayo lehlile kancane, futhi manje inkampani ikhiqiza iLancia Ypsilon kuphela yabathengi base-Italy. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, lo mkhiqizo ulahlekelwe kakhulu - cishe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-700, ngakho abaphathi babona ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuvuselela isimo sangaphambilini somkhiqizo.
Isifanekiselo
Ngo-1907, ngenkathi inkampani iqala umsebenzi wayo, yayingenayo i-logo yayo. Imoto ibinombhalo obhalwe ukuthi "Lancia" ongenayo imininingwane engenasidingo. Kakade ngo-1911, sibonga uCarl Carl Biscaretti di Ruffia, umngani osondelene noVincenzo Lancia, ilogo yokuqala yavela. Kwakuyisitering sokukhuluma esine-4 sibhekene nefulegi eliluhlaza. I-flagstaff yakhe kwakuyisithombe somkhonto, ngoba yile ndlela igama lenkampani elihunyushwa ngayo lisuka e-Italy. Eduze, ngakwesokunene, kwakukhona isithombe se-throttle grip ngakwesokudla, futhi phakathi nendawo kwase kukhona igama lomkhiqizo weLancia. Ngendlela, inkampani igcina ifonti ehlanzekile kuze kube namuhla.
Ngo-1929, u-Count Carl Biscaretti di Ruffia wayefuna ukwenza ushintsho ekwakhiweni kwesibonakaliso. Ubeke ilogo efanayo eyindilinga ngemuva kwesihlangu, futhi kusukela lapho i-logo iye yahlala injalo iminyaka eminingi.
Ngo-1957, isibonakaliso saphinde sashintshwa. Izipikha zisusiwe esiteringini, ne-logo uqobo lwayo yaphelelwa imibala. Ngokwabaqambi, ngale ndlela ibibukeka inesitayela futhi yanamuhla.
Ngo-1974, umbuzo wokushintsha i-logo wawusufanele futhi. Izipikha zesondo lokushayela nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zibuyiselwe kuye, kepha izithombe zezinye izinto ngokwazo zenziwa lula kakhulu ezithombeni zesikimu esincane.
Ngo-2000, ilogo ye-Lancia yanezelwa ngezinto ezikhethekile ze-chrome, ngenxa yokuthi isibonakaliso sasibukeka ngakubathathu nasesithombeni esinamacala amabili.
Ukugcina kokushintshwa kwelogo kwaba ngo-2007: ngaleso sikhathi kwakukhona abasebenza eRobilant Associati abasebenza ngakho. Njengengxenye yokuqanjwa kabusha okungathi sína, isondo lalipendwe ngokucacile ngemidwebo, laphinde lasusa izikhulumi ezi-2, kanti okunye kwasetshenziswa njenge- "pointer" ezungeze igama lomkhiqizo waseLancia. Kuliqiniso, abalandeli bohlobo lomkhiqizo abalithokozisanga iqiniso lokuthi manje i-logo ibingenawo umkhonto nefulegi othandekayo.
Umlando wemoto kumamodeli
Imodeli yokuqala yanikezwa igama elisebenzayo i-18-24 HP, yabe seqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi i-Alpha. Iphume ngo-1907 futhi yathuthukiswa ngonyaka nje. Isebenzise i-propeller shaft esikhundleni seketanga, futhi enye yezinjini zokuqala ezingama-6 cylinder nayo yethulwa.
Ngesisekelo semoto yokuqala ephumelelayo, kwadalwa enye imodeli ebizwa ngeDialpha, yaphuma ngo-1908 inezici ezifanayo.
Ngo-1913, kuvela umshini weTheta. Waba enye yezimoto ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi.
Ngo-1921, iLambda yakhululwa. Izici zayo kwakungukumiswa okuzimele nomzimba we-monocoque, ngaleso sikhathi imoto yayingeyokuqala kohlobo lwayo.
Ngo-1937, i-Aprilia yaxhuma emgqeni womhlangano - imodeli yokugcina, ekwakhiweni kukaVincenzo Lancia ngokwakhe. Ukwakheka kwemoto kwakukhumbuza ngandlela thile ibhungane likaMeyi, elabe laziwa kamuva njengesitayela esiyingqayizivele nesingenakulinganiswa somsunguli wenkampani.
I-Aprilia yathathelwa indawo ngu-Aurelia - imoto yaqala ukukhonjiswa eTurin ngo-1950. UVittorio Yano, omunye wabakhandi abaphambili besikhathi sakhe, wabamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwemodeli entsha. Kwabe sekufakwa injini entsha emotweni, eyenziwe ngama-aluminium alloys.
Ngo-1972, kwavela enye imodeli emakethe - uLancia Beta, lapho izinjini zafakwa khona ama-camshafts amabili. Ngasikhathi sinye, umhlangano weStratos nawo wakhishwa - ama-racers athole imiklomelo esondweni kaningi ngesikhathi sokugibela amahora angama-24 eLe Mans.
Ngo-1984, i-Lancia Thema sedan entsha yasuka kulayini womhlangano. Iyadingeka nanamuhla, ngoba nakulezo zinsuku, ukufakwa kwesimo somoya, ukulawula isimo sezulu namabhodi emininingwane, okukhombisa imininingwane ngesimo sobuchwepheshe semoto. Idizayini kaThema seyiphelelwe yisikhathi, kodwa abathandi bezimoto bayaqaphela ukuthi imoto yenziwe yaqina kakhulu, uma kubhekwa ukuthi yakhishwa ngo-1984.
Kakade ngo-1989, i-Lancia Dedra yethulwa, i-sedan eyahlukaniswa njenge-premium class. Ngemuva kwalokho imoto yezemidlalo yenze ukubonga okubabazekayo engxenyeni yezobuchwepheshe nokuklanywa okucabangayo.
Ngo-1994, ngemizamo ehlangene kaPeugeot, i-FIAT neCitroen, kwaqhamuka inqola yesiteshi iLancia Zeta, kungekudala umhlaba wabona uLancia Kappa, uLancia Y, uLancia Thesis noLancia Phedra. Izimoto azitholanga ukuthandwa okuningi, ngakho-ke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inani lamamodeli akhonjisiwe lancipha. Kusukela ngo-2017, inkampani ikhiqize iLancia Ypsilon eyodwa kuphela, futhi leyo igxile kuphela emakethe yase-Italy. Le nkampani yalahlekelwa kakhulu ngenxa yenkinga yezomnotho nokwehla okukhulu kwenzalo ezimotweni ezikhiqizwayo, ngakho-ke inkampani ye-FIAT yanquma ukunciphisa kancane inani lamamodeli, futhi ngokushesha yawuvala ngokuphelele lo mkhiqizo.
