ULamborghini Miura
Ngo-1965, wabonakala enqunu eTurin futhi wathola izwe elingaphakathi elinolaka. Abashadikazi abambalwa babefuna ukumyisa ekhaya. Ehlanganiswe emzimbeni, wabe esecula eGeneva. Akekho umhlaseli owake waba nezinkophe ezinde kangaka.
UMiura wayeyinqola yokuqala kaLamborghini. Umsunguli weFerruccio wabona lokhu njengesiyengo sokumaketha ekuqaleni. Ebheka ubuhle obucwengekile bezimoto zesigaba seGran Turismo, wabukela phansi amandla emoto, "eyahamba emgqeni womhlangano."
Wayephikisana nezimoto zaseSpartan kanye nokugijima. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, i-Miura yayiyimoto yokuncintisana eyanele ukushayela emigwaqweni evamile. I-prototype ye-P400 yazalwa kanjani ngasese kumnikazi wenkampani. Ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula, umphathi wezobuchwepheshe uGian Paolo Dallara wasebenza kuso nomsizi uPaolo Stanzani kanye nomshayeli wokuhlola kanye nomakhenikha uBob Wallack.
UDallara uhlabeke umxhwele ngeFord GT40. Ngakho-ke umqondo womklamo ojwayelekile onenjini ngaphambi kwe-asi yangemuva. Igama elithi "P" ophawu lwemoto lalimele "posteriore", isiNtaliyane elisho "imuva". Inombolo 400 ikhombisa amandla enjini. Ukuze unciphise i-wheelbase, i-V70 yabekwa ngokuphambene. Ngaphansi kwayo, kwi-sump kukhona u-gearbox ohlanganiswe negiya elikhulu. Lawa maqembu asebenzise amafutha ajwayelekile. Kwakuyingozi. Uma izinyo noma i-synchronizer ikhishwa ekudluliselweni kwenjini, umonakalo omkhulu ungavela. Isistimu yokushayela, nokho, ithathe isikhala esincane. Kunoma ikuphi, umenzi ubikezele ukuthi ngemuva kwezinkulungwane eziyi-XNUMX km, kuzodingeka ukulungiswa kabusha kwenjini.
I-4-litre V12 ithathwe enjinini engu-3,5-litre eyaklanywa u-Giotto Bizzarini wasebenzisa i-GTV ngo-350 1963, okuyimoto yokuqala kaLamborghini. U-Bizzarini udale injini yezemidlalo ephelele, i-stroke emfushane, ama-camshaft angaphezulu aphindwe kabili kanye ne-sump eyomile, ngemuva kwalokho ... wayishiya inkampani! Wabona ukuthi uLamborghini wayengeke agijime, futhi wayengenasithakazelo ezimotweni ezisemigwaqweni egcwele ukuvinjelwa okudlulayo. I-Dallara iguqule injini yayo kumamodeli okukhiqiza.
Kunombono wokuthi amaphrojekthi amahle wobunjiniyela mahle nawo. Njengokungathi izimfanelo ezingabonakali ekuqaleni zakha ifomu elivumelanayo "ngaphakathi". UMiura uyakuqinisekisa lokhu. I-chassis, eyethulwa ekwindla ka-1965 embukisweni wezimoto eTurin, yamemeza ngakho konke ukubukeka kwayo: "Phambili!". Ihlukaniswe ngama-sills abanzi, okonga isisindo, umqhele wama-airbag enjini engu-400-cylinder, namasondo akhulumayo afakwe okokuqala nokokugcina kulo modeli, indawo ye-cabin yawujabulisa umcabango kangangokuthi labo ababefuna ukuthenga i-PXNUMX, nakuba babengazi ukuthi izobukeka kanjani!
Imoto ephelele ebizwa ngokuthi "Miura" yethulwa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, entwasahlobo ka-1966 eGeneva. Ibukeka ifana ne-GT40, kodwa uma iqhathaniswa neFord "yezimboni ezinonya", bekuyithempeli lobuciko obusetshenziswayo. Ayikho imininingwane ehlaba umxhwele eyavela ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ngayinye yayinomsebenzi okwakumelwe wenziwe. Izimpumputhe efasiteleni elingemuva zapholisa injini. Izikhala zomquba ngaphandle kwamafasitela aseceleni zifakwe ohlelweni lokuthatha. Izimbobo ezimbili phakathi nendawo engaphambili zivumela umoya ungene kurediyetha ngemuva kwazo. Ngaphansi kwesokudla (uma kubhekwa ngemuva kwesondo) kwakukhona intamo yokugcwalisa. "Iziswebhu" eziyimpikiswano nezidumile ezizungeze izibani zangaphambili zithuthukise ukupholisa amabhuleki.
Amalambu abephuma ku-Fiat 850 Spider yakuqala. Akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ngayo, kodwa uma ivuliwe itshekiswa ngogesi ukuze iqonde kancane.
Umzimba osekela kancane wenziwe ngezinto ezihlukahlukene. Indlu yakhiwe ngensimbi. Ngaphambili nangemuva kwesikebhe kwakuvuleke ngokuphelele, kanye nezinsimbi, futhi zazenziwe ngama-alloys alula. Ukufinyelela ku-trunk kwanikezwa nge-hatch encane ngemuva. Ingaphakathi lalifana negumbi labasebenza ngendiza. Ngaphansi kophahla kune-console eshintsha ukukhanya kanye ne-auxiliary radiator fan.
UMiura wayengaphezudlwana kwemitha ubude. I-silhouette yayo ephansi, egelezayo isenza isithombe esimangalisayo nanamuhla, futhi ngeminyaka yama-60s yayiyisimanje kakhulu. I-Lamborghini inaleso sici sokuthamba kwe-puma, engaphenduka ngokuphazima kweso ibe ukuqhuma kolaka.
Le phrojekthi yalungiswa nguMarcelo Gandini ovela esiteshini saseBertone. Kuze kube ngumzuzu wokugcina, akekho owayezibuza ukuthi i-V12 izongena yini ngaphansi komzimba. Imoto engenayo injini yaboniswa eGeneva, futhi umkhulumeli wakwaLamborghini waxosha izintatheli ekufuneni ukubheka ngaphansi kwesivalo ngobuqili bakhe namaqhinga akhe.
Umboniso wokuqala ube yimpumelelo. Kwakukhona ama-oda amaningi kangangokuthi u-Miura wasuka "ethuluzini lokumaketha" waya endaweni yefekthri e-Sant'Agata. Lokhu kwamangaza amaNtaliyane, aqala ukwenza izinguquko ekwakhiweni kwemoto ngokuqhubekayo. Enguqulweni yakamuva, athuthukisiwe, njengoba kufakazelwa amanani amanje amakhophi asetshenzisiwe. Uchungechunge lokugcina: 400 SV ibiza kakhulu.
Nokho, iMiura 1969 S yaba ngeyokuqala ukubonakala ngo-400. Yayinenjini enamandla kakhulu namafreyimu e-chrome ezungeze amafasitela nezibani. I-400 1971 SV (Sprint Veloce) yashintshwa kakhulu. Injini ne-gearbox lubrication systems behlukene. Injini isinamandla futhi, nezinkophe sezinyamalele emakhathrijini amalambu, abanye sebewabingelele ngenjabulo yodwa.
Amakhophi angawodwa aqinise isithombe sikaMiura. Ngo-1970, uBob Wallace wakha umjaho weMiura P400 Jota. Ukhulise amandla enjini ngokwandisa isilinganiso sokucindezela futhi wethula ama-camshaft "abukhali". Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayihlomisa nge-electronic ignition kanye nesistimu yokugcoba nge-dry sump lubrication. Ushintshe ithangi lokuqala likaphethiloli wafaka amabili amancane abekwe onqenqemeni. Kwavela ama-spoiler amakhulu kanye nokunwetshwa komoya emzimbeni. Ngemva kochungechunge lwezivivinyo uJota wathengiswa ezandleni zangasese. Nokho, umnikazi omusha akazange amthande isikhathi eside. Imoto yasha yaphela ngo-1971. Kwakhiwe amaJota okulingisa ayisithupha, amakwe ngokuthi SV/J. Eyokugcina ngemva kokuphela kokukhiqizwa kwe-Miura.
Amanye ama-Miura ayengenalo uphahla ngabanikazi bawo, kodwa i-roadster eyodwa kuphela eyakhiwa u-Bertone futhi yaboniswa e-Brussels Motor Show ka-1968 eyaziwa kabanzi. Ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, yathengwa yi-International Lead and Zinc Research Organization. Uyipende kabusha nge-metallic eluhlaza futhi ifakwe izinto ezivela kuma-alloys ensimbi yesimanje. Imoto ibibhalwe ukuthi Zn75. Ngo-1981 kwethulwa enye inhlobo engenaphahla e-Geneva, i-pearl white P400 SVJ Spider. Yakhiwa umthengisi we-Swiss Lamborghini ngokusekelwe ku-Miura S ephuzi eyakhiqizwa e-Geneva eminyakeni eyi-10 ngaphambili.
Isikhathi sokugcina u-Miura ebuya ngo-2006 njengedizayini "engenangqondo" ka-Walter de Silva yokugubha iminyaka engu-40 yemodeli. Ngaleso sikhathi, uDe Silva wayephethe isitudiyo sokuklama seqembu le-Audi ngaleso sikhathi, elalihlanganisa neLamborghini. Akekho owacabanga ngokujulile ngokuqalisa kabusha ukukhiqiza, nakuba iFord GT alter-ego kaMiura “enzima”, eyavuselelwa ngo-2002, yayinochungechunge olungaphezudlwana kuka-4. PCS.
Ngokusho kwemithombo eminingi, isitshalo saseSant'Agata sikhiqize amamodeli we-764 Miura. Lesi isibalo esingabazisayo, njengoba kunjalo nokusebenza kwezinguqulo ngazinye. Isiphetho senkampani sasinzima, kwakungekho njalo umuntu ogcina amarekhodi ngokucophelela. Kodwa ukungaqiniseki okuncane kubhebhezela inzalo kuphela. UMiura wehlula iFerrari.
Ngaphandle kwakhe, uLamborghni ubengeke abe ngumkhiqizi wezimoto ezinesibindi namandla okuphula ukuhleleka okukhona futhi zimangaze wonke umuntu okholelwa ngokuphelele emibonweni engajwayelekile.
Kusukela ngaphansi kwenkunzi
UFerruccio Lamborghini wayenesithakazelo ekulweni nezinkunzi, futhi njengoba ayeyinkanyezi yezinkanyezi Taurus, uphawu lwakhe lokuthengisa lwemoto lwazalwa lulodwa. U-Miura wayengowokuqala ukusho intshiseko yomsunguli wenkampani. Uma ubhekisisa igama elithi "Miura" elinamathiselwe ngemuva kwemoto, ungabona izimpondo nomsila ogobile.
U-Lamborgni wayengumngane no-Eduardo Miura, umfuyi wezinkunzi waseSeville. Izilwane ezivela emihlambini yomndeni wakwaMiura kusukela ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX. 
babedume ngokuba nesibindi nobuqili. Okungenani ababili: UReventon no-Islero babulala ama-matador adumile. UMurcielago wamelana nezinkemba ezingu-24, futhi izilaleli ezijabule zamphoqa ukuba asindise ukuphila kwakhe. Okungenani yileyo ndaba, evame ukuphindwa eSpain. UFerruccio unikeze umngane wakhe iMiur yesine ayikhiqizayo.
Wedge nge wedge
I-silhouette kaMiura ibizwa ngokuthi uMarcello Gandini. Waqala ukusebenza eBertone Studios ngo-1965 lapho uGiorgio Giugiaro eshona. Wayeneminyaka engu-27 ubudala.
I-Miura ingenye yezinhlelo zakhe ezithule kakhulu, yingakho abanye besola ukuthi uGiugiaro uhileleke ekudalweni kwayo. Kodwa-ke, abekho ama-stylists aphawulayo ngalezi zambulo. UGandini wathuthukisa isitayela sakhe sokuqala ngokushesha okukhulu. Wayethanda imiphetho ebukhali, ama-wedge, ngisho nezindawo ezinkulu. Ibonakala ngeStudio Stratos Zero kanye neLamborghini Countach.
U-Gandini udale i-Urraco, i-Jarama, i-Espada ne-Diablo. Ngokubamba iqhaza kwakhe, inkampani yaseSant'Agata yaba ikhaya le-avant-garde yezimoto. Amandla nokuvukela sekuphenduke uphawu lwakhe.
Idatha yobuchwepheshe ekhethiwe
Yenza Imodeli | Lamborghini Miura P400 | I-Lamborghini Miura P400 S | I-Lamborghini Miura P400 SV |
Iminyaka yokukhiqiza | 1966-69 | 1969-71 | 1971-72 |
Uhlobo lomzimba / inombolo yeminyango | ukusika/2 | ukusika/2 | ukusika/2 |
inani lezihlalo | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Ubukhulu nesisindo | |||
Ubude/ububanzi/ubude (mm) | 4360/1760/1060 | 4360/1760/1060 | 4360/1760/1100 |
Ithrekhi yamasondo: ngaphambili / ngemuva (mm) | 1420/1420 | 1420/1420 | 1420/1540 |
Isisekelo samasondo (mm) | 2500 | 2500 | 2500 |
Isisindo Sakho (kg) | 980 | 1040 | 1245 |
Ivolumu yengxenye yemithwalo (l) | 140 | 140 | 140 |
Umthamo wethangi likaphethiloli (L) | 90 | 90 | 90 |
Isistimu yeDrayivu | |||
Uhlobo lwamafutha | uphethiloli | uphethiloli | uphethiloli |
Umthamo (cm3) | 3929 | 3929 | 3929 |
Inani lamasilinda | V12 | V12 | V12 |
i-ekseli yokushayela | emuva | emuva | emuva |
| I-Gearbox: uhlobo/inombolo yamagiya | incwadi / 5 | incwadi / 5 | incwadi / 5 |
| Ukukhiqiza | |||
Amandla km nge-rpm I-Torque (Nm) ngo-rpm | 350/7000 355/5000 | 370/7700 388/5500 | 385/7850 400/5750 |
Ukusheshisa 0-100 km / h (isekhondi) | 6,7 | 6 | 6 |
Isivinini (km/h) | 280 | 285 | 300 |
Isilinganiso sophethiloli (l / 100 km) | 20 | 20 | 20 |
