I-automatic noma i-manual gearbox? Funda ngezinhlobo zama-gearbox nezinzuzo zazo

Itholakala kuzo zonke izimoto, noma iyazishintsha. U-gearbox ungenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zemoto, ngaphandle kwalokho imoto ngeke ikwazi ukuhamba ngendlela evamile. Ama-automatic transmissions asathola ukuduma, kodwa akunakuphikwa ukuthi lawo asebenza ngomshini anabalandeli abaningi. Isebenza kanjani i-manual transmission? Iyiphi ethokomele kakhulu, futhi iyiphi ephule kancane? Yilokhu okufanele ukwazi ngaphambi kokuthi unqume ukuthenga imoto yakho yokuqala. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho ungakwazi ukufanisa ngokuphelele ukuthenga kwakho nezidingo zakho. Shintshela egiyeni eliphezulu nathi futhi uqhubeke ufunda!

Gearbox - design

Amabhokisi ogiya edizayini yesimanjemanje adinga ukuba mancane futhi akhanye ngangokunokwenzeka ngenkathi egcina ukuqina. Kunamashafu amathathu ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo:

• ngokungaqondile;
• bamba;
• main. 

Igiya elitholakala ku-shaft kwi-clutch lidlulisela idrayivu egiyeni eliphakathi. Ikuyo kanye naku-main shaft lapho ungathola khona amapheya amasondo ahambisana namagiya ezimoto. Ezikhathini eziningi ezimotweni kukhona eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisikhombisa zazo (kuhlanganise igiya reverse). Uma uvula noma yiliphi, amagiya amanye ayancipha futhi no-gearbox usebenza kahle.

Imisebenzi ye-Gearbox - iyini le nto enesibopho?

U-gearbox uhlinzeka ngokushintsha kwegiya elibushelelezi. Lokhu kuvumela umshini ukuthi udlulise amandla akhiqizwa injini ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ugcine ama-rev ephansi ngangokunokwenzeka njengoba imoto yakho igijima, okusho ukuthi imoto izothula, ingabhemi futhi iguge kancane. Sebenzisa igiya eliphezulu uma kungenzeka. Kodwa-ke, khumbula ukuthi uma imoto ihamba kancane kakhulu ngamagiya aphezulu, kungenzeka ima ngokushesha.

Izinhlobo zama-gearbox emotweni

Ezimotweni zesimanje, ungathola izinhlobonhlobo eziningi ze-gearbox. Iyiphi ekufanele kakhulu incike ekuthandeni kwakho kanye namakhono okugibela. Ngokuyisisekelo zingahlukaniswa zibe:

• ukuphathwa;
• okuzenzakalelayo kancane kancane;
• isinyathelo esizenzakalelayo;
• izigaba ezinhlanu.

Abashayeli abasebasha bavame ukukhetha ukuhanjiswa okuzenzakalelayo okungadingi ukunakwa okwengeziwe ekushintsheni amagiya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abantu asebekhulile bavame ukukhetha eziqondiswe ngesandla, ezivumela ukulawula kangcono imoto—ukushiswa, ukusheshisa, noma ukuphotha.

U-gearbox onamagiya ayisithupha - yiziphi izimoto ezinawo?

Izimoto zasemadolobheni zinamandla amancane. Ngejubane lika-120-140 km / h, izinguquko zabo ziphakeme kangangokuthi igiya lesithupha liyancipha kulokhu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngeke ujwayele ukuthola u-gearbox wejubane oyisithupha kulezi zinhlobo zezimoto ezishibhile. Nokho, ezimotweni ezinamandla kakhudlwana (isb. 115-120 hp) i-gearbox enamagiya ayisithupha ingaba usizo ngempela, ngoba ikuvumela ukuba ushayele kakhulu ngokonga. Ngaphambi kokuthenga imoto, hlola ukuthi mangaki amagiya ongawasebenzisa, ngoba ngamayunithi okushayela anamandla lokhu kwenza umehluko omkhulu.

Transmission Manual - izinzuzo

I-transmission manual yakhethwa ngezizathu eziningana, kodwa okuyinhloko ngokungangabazeki ikhono lokuyilawula ngumshayeli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungaba yisithiyo esincane esidinga ukugxilisa ingqondo ngesikhathi sesifundo esengeziwe, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi, ikuvumela ukuthi ufanise ngokuphelele isivinini nokuphenduka kwemoto. Ukulawula okunjalo kungaba okubalulekile, isibonelo, kumathrekhi anzima kakhulu. Yini enye ekhulumela ukudluliswa kwezandla? Kulula ukuhlanganisa futhi ihlala amahora angama-150. km. Kuzophinde kushibhe futhi kube lula ukukulungisa, ngakho-ke ungahle ufune ukukubheka uma ufuna ukusebenza okushibhile.

Ukudluliswa okuzenzakalelayo - izinzuzo

Umshini ozishintshayo ukhethwa abantu abazisa ubulula nokunethezeka ngenkathi ushayela. Umshini ulungele ikakhulukazi ezokuthutha zasemadolobheni, lapho umshayeli ngokuvamile engashiyi idolobhana. Edolobheni, awukwazi ukuthuthukisa isivinini esikhulu, futhi izinguquko ezijwayelekile zamagiya - phezulu naphansi - kungaba ukuhlushwa. Intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe iphinde isho ukuthi imishini iphuka kancane futhi ihlale isikhathi eside. Uma ubhejela imoto entsha, kufanelekile ukuzicabangela. Lo gearbox uphinde unikeze ukuphepha okukhulu, njengoba umshayeli ekwazi ukugxila emgwaqeni.

Yibuphi ububi bomshini ozishintshayo?

Kodwa-ke, akunakuphikwa ukuthi ukuthunyelwa okusha okuzenzakalelayo kunezinkinga zabo:

• azihlali isikhathi eside kunalezo ezenziwa ngezandla;
• abanakho ukonga okuncane;
• ngokuvamile zisebenzisa uphethiloli owengeziwe. 

Njengokungathi lokho akwanele, esimweni sabo, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kuthathwe ukushintsha amafutha okudlulisa, okulula ukukhohlwa. Ukudluliswa kwezandla kungase kube ngcono kune-othomathikhi yabashayeli abaqalayo abadinga ukufunda imikhuba emihle futhi banakekele imoto yabo.

Kubiza malini ukushintsha u-gearbox?

Ukwehluleka kokudlulisela akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukushintshwa kwayo okuphelele. Ezimweni eziningi, uzokhokha cishe ama-euro angama-50 ukulungisa. Kodwa-ke, uma i-gearbox iguga ngokuphelele futhi kufanele uthenge entsha, intengo ingakhuphuka ibe yi-1-2 XNUMX. i-zloty. Okuningi kuncike kumodeli yemoto yakho. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi uma imoto yakho ibiza kakhulu, imali yokuyishintsha izoba phezulu. Ukuduma kwemoto nakho kuthinta intengo. Uma imodeli yakho ivame ukubonakala emigwaqweni, izingxenye zizotholakala kalula ngakho-ke ishibhile kakhulu kunamakhreyithi ezinye izimoto.

Ayikho impendulo eyodwa embuzweni wokuthi yikuphi okungcono, i-manual noma i-automatic transmission. Okuningi kuncike ekuhlangenwe nakho kokushayela kanye nemikhuba. Zombili izixazululo zinezinzuzo kanye nokubi. Nokho akungabazeki ukuthi indlela oshintsha ngayo amagiya inomthelela omkhulu esimweni semoto yakho nasezindlekweni zobunikazi.