Ukuhlukaniswa kwamafutha egiya kusiza ukukhetha ukwakheka okufanele

Isigaba samazwe ngamazwe samafutha okudlulisa sivumela abanikazi bezimoto ukuthi bakhethe kalula ukwakheka kokudluliselwa kwamabhokisi, amakesi okudlulisa, amaketanga namagiya okushayela, izindlela zokuqondisa zehhashi labo lensimbi.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-API yamafutha egiya

Kuwuhlelo lokuhlukanisa oluhlukanisa zonke izinhlobo zezinhlanganisela zibe izigaba ezinhlanu. I-analogue yayo yaseYurophu yi-ZF TE-ML, echaza ngokuphelele zonke izingoma zokuhanjiswa kwe-hydromechanical. Amaqembu alandelayo e-API ahlukaniswa ngokuya ngemigomo yokusebenza kanye nokwakhiwa kokudluliselwa, umthamo wezithako ezikhethekile:

• I-GL-1: uketshezi ngaphandle kwezithasiselo, kungenzeka ukwengeza i-anti-foam elula, i-antioxidant, i-depressant, anti-corrosion izithasiselo kwezinye izinhlobo zamafutha egiya ngamanani amancane. Ifanele amaloli nemishini esetshenziswa kwezolimo.
• I-GL-2: evame ukuthululelwa ekudlulisweni kwamayunithi ezolimo, aqukethe izithasiselo zokulwa nokugqoka.
• I-GL-3: ayiwafanele amagiya e-hypoid, inani lezithasiselo ezikhethekile ezinciphisa ukuguga ezingxenyeni zezimoto cishe ngamaphesenti angama-2,7.
• I-GL-4: Izingoma ezisetshenziswa kumagiya avumelanisiwe asebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene zamandla adonsela phansi, kumagiya amakhulu anoma yimaphi amabhokisi okuthutha kanye namagiya angavumelanisiwe. Uketshezi lwe-GL-4, ngokwesigaba se-API samafutha egiya, aqukethe izithasiselo ze-EP ezingamaphesenti amane.
• I-GL-5: ayisetshenziselwa ama-gearbox, kodwa, njengoba isendaweni yonke, ilungele noma yikuphi okunye ukuthunyelwa, iqukethe izithasiselo eziningi ezisebenzayo (kufika ku-6,5%).

Isistimu yokuhlukanisa uwoyela wegiya

I-SAE Gear Oil Viscosity

Isigaba esivamile saseMelika samafutha egiya nge-viscosity ngendlela yamayunithi ajwayelekile ahlukene. Izinkampani ezihambisa izimoto zicabangela imininingwane ye-SAE. Futhi ngokusekelwe kubo, banikeza izincomo ekukhethweni kwezingoma zokudlulisa zamabhokisi we-gearbox nama-axles (abahamba phambili). Inkomba ye-viscosity kawoyela wegiya (isibonelo, 85W0140) ibonisa imingcele eyinhloko yoketshezi futhi ihlukanise phakathi kwehlobo nobusika (uhlamvu "W"). Lokhu kumakwa kwamafutha egiya kulula futhi kuyaqondakala kubashayeli.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi amafutha egiya akhethwa kanjani: ukuhlukaniswa nokukhethwa kwezingoma kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nezinkomba ezimbili ze-viscosity - izinga lokushisa eliphezulu neliphansi. Inkomba yokuqala itholakala ngesisekelo se-kinematic viscosity endaweni yokubilisa yoketshezi, okwesibili - ngokulinganisa izinga lokushisa lapho ukwakheka kunenkomba ye-150000 cP (i-Brookfield viscosity). Kukhona itafula elikhethekile le-viscosity lamafutha egiya, lapho abakhiqizi bawo beqondiswa khona.

Izithasiselo ezi-viscous zamafutha we-motor Unol tv # 2 (1 ingxenye)

Ukukhethwa kwamafutha okuhambisa ngomkhiqizo wemoto

Empeleni, Ukukhetha okunjalo akunzima ukwenza ngokwakho, uma ufunda izimiso zokuhlukaniswa nokukhethwa kwamafutha egiya. Okokuqala udinga ukubheka ukugunyazwa komkhiqizi wemoto ngenhlanganisela ethile esetshenziswa emotweni yakho, kanye ne-viscosity yamafutha egiya ngokuya nge-SAE. Bese ubhekana nesigaba sekhwalithi yoketshezi ngokuya ngesigaba saseYurophu (ACEA) kanye ne-American (API) yemikhiqizo kawoyela wegiya:

• ngezinjini zikaphethiloli - i-ACEA (A1-A5): ikhwalithi ibhekwa njengephakeme, inombolo enkulu ngemva kohlamvu A;
• ngezinjini zikadizili - ACEA (B1-B5);
• indawo yonke yamayunithi edizili afakwe ezimotweni ngemuva kuka-2004 - ACEA (С1-С5);
• izinjini ze-diesel - iqembu le-API "C";
• ngezinjini zikaphethiloli - iqembu le-API "S".

Futhi ungakhohlwa ukuthi impilo yeshalofu kawoyela wegiya ivamise ukukhawulelwa eminyakeni emihlanu kusukela ngosuku lokukhiqiza.

Amafutha egiya