I-valve ye-EGR

I-valve ye-EGR - ingxenye eyisisekelo yesistimu yokukhipha igesi kabusha (i-Exhaust Gas Recirculation). Umsebenzi we-EGR iqukethe ukunciphisa izinga lokwakheka kwe-nitrogen oxides, okuwumkhiqizo womsebenzi wenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ukuze kwehliswe izinga lokushisa, amanye amagesi kagesi athunyelwa emuva enjinini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Amavalvu afakwe kuzo zombili izinjini zikaphethiloli kanye ne-diesel, ngaphandle kwalezo ezine-turbine.

Ngokombono we-ecology, uhlelo lwenza umsebenzi omuhle, lukhawulela ukukhiqizwa kwezinto eziyingozi. Nokho, ngokuvamile umsebenzi USR ungumthombo wezinkinga eziningi abashayeli. Iqiniso liwukuthi i-valve ye-EGR, kanye nezinzwa eziningi zokuphuza nezisebenzayo, zimbozwe nge-soot ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesistimu, okubangela ukusebenza okungazinzile kwenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo. Ngakho-ke, abanikazi bezimoto abaningi abaphendukeli ekuhlanzeni noma ekulungiseni, kodwa ekugxiliseni uhlelo lonke.

Iphi i-valve ye-EGR

Idivayisi eshiwo ikunjini yomlilo yangaphakathi yemoto yakho. Kumamodeli ahlukene, ukubulawa nendawo kungase kuhluke, noma kunjalo, udinga thola i-intake manifold. Ngokuvamile ipayipi livela kuyo. i-valve ingabuye ifakwe ku-multifold intake, ku-take tract noma emzimbeni we-throttle. Ngokwesibonelo:

Ivalvu ye-EGR kuFord Transit VI (diesel) itholakala ngaphambi kwenjini, kwesokudla se-dipstick yamafutha.

I-valve ye-EGR ku-Chevrolet Lacetti ibonakala ngokushesha lapho i-hood ivuliwe, itholakala ngemuva kwemodyuli yokuthungela.

Ivalvu ye-EGR ku-Opel Astra G itholakala ngaphansi kwekhona eliphezulu kwesokudla sekhava yokuvikela injini

 

futhi izibonelo ezimbalwa:

BMW E38 EGR valve

I-valve ye-Ford Focus EGR

I-valve ye-EGR ku-Opel Omega

 

Iyini i-valve ye-EGR nezinhlobo zemiklamo yayo

Nge-valve ye-EGR, inani elithile lamagesi okukhipha umoya lithunyelwa ku-multifolded intake. abese exutshwa nomoya kanye nophethiloli, emva kwalokho afake amasilinda enjini evuthayo angaphakathi kanye nengxube kaphethiloli. Inani lamagesi linqunywa uhlelo lwekhompyutha olushumekwe ku-ECU. Izinzwa zihlinzeka ngolwazi ukuze kuthathwe izinqumo ngekhompyutha. Ngokuvamile lena inzwa yokushisa epholile, inzwa yokucindezela okuphelele, imitha yokugeleza komoya, inzwa yokuma kwe-throttle, inzwa yokushisa yomoya ethathayo, nokunye.

Isistimu ye-EGR kanye ne-valve akusebenzi ngokuqhubekayo. Ngakho-ke, azisetshenziselwa:

• idling (enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi efudumele);
• injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ebandayo;
• i-damper evulekile ngokuphelele.

Amayunithi okuqala asetshenziswa i-pneumomechanical, okungukuthi, kulawulwa i-vacuum yokungenisa ehlukahlukene. Nokho, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi baba i-electropneumatickanye (namazinga e-EURO 2 kanye ne-EURO 3) futhi ngokugcwele electronic (izilinganiso ze-EURO 4 kanye ne-EURO 5).

Izinhlobo zama-valve e-USR

Uma imoto yakho inesistimu ye-electronic EGR, ilawulwa yi-ECU. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamavalvu edijithali e-EGR - enezimbobo ezintathu noma ezimbili. Bavula futhi bavale ngosizo lwama-solenoid asebenzayo. Idivayisi enezimbobo ezintathu inamazinga ayisikhombisa okujikeleza kabusha, idivayisi enamaleveli amabili inamazinga amathathu. I-valve ephelele kakhulu yileyo izinga layo lokuvula lenziwa kusetshenziswa i-stepper motor motor. Inikeza ukulawulwa okushelelayo kokugeleza kwegesi. Amanye amasistimu e-EGR esimanje aneyunithi yawo yokupholisa igesi. Futhi zikuvumela ukuthi uqhubeke nokunciphisa izinga lokumosha i-nitrogen oxide.

Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokwehluleka kwesistimu nemiphumela yazo

Ukucindezeleka kwe-valve ye-EGR - ukwehluleka okuvame kakhulu kohlelo lwe-EGR. Ngenxa yalokho, ukumuncwa okungalawuleki kwezixuku zomoya ku-multifold intake kwenzeka. Uma imoto yakho inenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi enemitha yesisindo somoya, lokhu kusongela ukuncika ingxube kaphethiloli. Futhi uma kukhona inzwa yokucindezela komoya emotweni, ingxube kaphethiloli izophinde ithuthukiswe, ngenxa yokuthi ingcindezi yobuningi bokungena izokhula. Uma injini yomlilo yangaphakathi inazo zombili izinzwa ezingenhla, lapho-ke ingenzi lutho izothola ingxube kaphethiloli enothile kakhulu, futhi kwezinye izindlela zokusebenza izoncika.

I-valve engcolile inkinga yesibili evamile. Yini ongayikhiqiza ngayo nokuthi ungayihlanza kanjani, sizoyihlaziya ngezansi. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ukuphazamiseka okuncane ekusebenzeni kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi kungaholela ngokusobala emathubeni abalulekile okungcola.

Konke ukuhlukana kwenzeka ngesinye salezi zizathu ezilandelayo:

• amagesi amaningi okukhipha amandla adlula ku-valve;
• amagesi amancane kakhulu aphuma kuwo;
• umzimba we-valve uyavuza.

ukwehluleka kwesistimu yokubuyisela igesi ephumayo kungabangelwa ukwehluleka kwezingxenye ezilandelayo:

• amapayipi angaphandle okuhlinzeka ngegesi ephumayo;
• I-valve ye-EGR;
• i-valve eshisayo exhuma umthombo we-vacuum kanye ne-valve ye-USR;
• ama-solenoid alawulwa yikhompyutha;
• qeda iziguquli zokucindezela kwegesi.

Izimpawu ze-valve ye-EGR ephukile

Kunezinombolo zezimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi kunezinkinga ekusebenzeni kwe-valve ye-EGR. Eziyinhloko yilezi:

• ukusebenza okungazinzile kwenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi ngokungenzi lutho;
• ukumisa njalo injini yomlilo yangaphakathi;
• imililo engalungile;
• ukunyakaza okunamandla kwemoto;
• ukwehla kwe-vacuum ku-multifold intake futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukusebenza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kungxube kaphethiloli ecebile;
• ngokuvamile uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-valve yokuvuselela igesi ephumayo - isistimu ye-electronic yemoto ibonisa ukukhanya kokuhlola.

Ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa, amakhodi ephutha afana nalawa:

• I-P1403 - ukuwohloka kwe-valve yokukhipha igesi ephumayo;
• I-P0400 - iphutha ohlelweni lokujikeleza kabusha kwegesi yokukhipha;
• I-P0401 - ukungasebenzi kahle kwesistimu yokuvuselela igesi yokuqeda;
• I-P0403 - i-wire break ngaphakathi kwe-valve yokulawula ye-exhaust gas recirculation system;
• I-P0404 - ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-valve yokulawula ye-EGR;
• I-P0171 Fuel ingxube incike kakhulu.

Ungahlola kanjani i-valve ye-EGR?

Lapho uhlola, udinga ukwenza kanjalo ehlola isimo samashubhu, izintambo zikagesi, izixhumi nezinye izakhi. Uma imoto yakho ine-valve ye-pneumatic, ungasebenzisa ipompo ye-vacuum ukukufaka esenzweni. Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okuningiliziwe, sebenzisa izinto zikagesi, okuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole ikhodi yephutha. Ngesheke elinjalo, udinga ukwazi imingcele yezobuchwepheshe ye-valve, ukuze ubone ukungezwani phakathi kwedatha etholiwe nemenyezelwe.

Ukuhlola kwenziwa ngokulandelana okulandelayo:

1. Nqamula amapayipi evacuum.
2. Cisha idivayisi, kuyilapho umoya akufanele udlule kuyo.
3. Nqamula isixhumi ku-valve ye-solenoid.
4. Usebenzisa izintambo, vula idivayisi ebhethrini.
5. Vula i-valve, kuyilapho umoya kufanele udlule kuyo.

Lapho isheke libonisa ukuthi iyunithi ayifaneleki ukuqhubeka nokusebenza, idinga ukuthengwa nokufakwa entsha, kodwa ngokuvamile, kunconywa ukumane uvale i-valve ye-USR.

Ungavimba kanjani i-valve ye-EGR?

Uma kunezinkinga ekusebenzeni kwesistimu ye-EGR noma i-valve, khona-ke isisombululo esilula nesishibhile kungaba ukuyivala.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ngokushesha ukuthi eyodwa ukushuna kwe-chip akwanele. Okusho ukuthi, ukuvala isilawuli se-valve nge-ECU akuxazululi zonke izinkinga. Lesi sinyathelo asibandakanyi kuphela ukuxilongwa kwesistimu, ngenxa yalokho ikhompyutha ingakhiqizi iphutha. Nokho, i-valve ngokwayo iyaqhubeka nokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwalokho kuyadingeka ukwenza ukukhishwa kwayo ngomshini kusukela ekusebenzeni kwe-ICE.

Amanye ama-automaker afaka ama-valve plug akhethekile ephaketheni lemoto. ngokuvamile, lena ipuleti yensimbi ewugqinsi (kufika ku-3 mm ubukhulu), emise okwembobo kudivayisi. Uma ungenayo ipulaki enjalo yasekuqaleni, ungazenza ngokwakho kusuka ensimbi yobukhulu obufanele.

Njengomphumela wokufaka ipulaki, izinga lokushisa kumasilinda liyakhuphuka. Futhi lokhu kusongela ingozi yokuqhekeka kwekhanda le-cylinder.

bese ukhipha i-valve ye-EGR. Kwamanye amamodeli ezimoto, ubuningi bokudla kufanele futhi kususwe ukwenza lokhu. Ngokuhambisana nalokhu, hlanza iziteshi zayo ekungcoleni. bese uthola i-gasket efakwe endaweni yokunamathisela i-valve. Ngemva kwalokho, esikhundleni salo ngepulaki yensimbi okukhulunywe ngayo ngenhla. Ungazenzela wena noma uthenge endaweni edayisa izimoto.

Phakathi nenqubo yokuhlanganisa, i-gasket evamile kanye nepulaki entsha kuhlanganiswe endaweni yokunamathisela. Kudingekile ukuqinisa isakhiwo ngama-bolts ngokucophelela, ngoba ama-plugs efektri ngokuvamile abuthakathaka. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungakhohlwa ukunqamula ama-hoses e-vacuum bese ufaka ama-plugs kuwo. Ekupheleni kwenqubo, udinga ukwenza i-chip tuning eshiwo, okungukuthi, wenze ukulungiswa kwe-firmware ye-ECU ukuze ikhompyutha ingabonisi iphutha.

Ungayivimba kanjani i-EGR

Sicisha i-EGR

Iyini imiphumela yokuminyanisa isistimu ye-USR?

Kukhona izinhlangothi ezinhle nezingezinhle. Okuhle kuhlanganisa:

• umule awuqoqi kumqoqi;
• ukwandisa izici ashukumisayo zemoto;
• asikho isidingo sokushintsha i-valve ye-EGR;
• izinguquko ezivamile zamafutha.

Izinhlangothi ezingezinhle:

• uma kukhona i-catalyst ku-injini yomlilo yangaphakathi, khona-ke izohluleka ngokushesha;
• idivayisi yokubonisa ukwehlukana kudeshibhodi iyasebenza (“hlola” isibani sokukhanya);
• ukwanda okungenzeka kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli;
• ukwanda kweqembu lama-valve (okungavamile).

Ukuhlanza i-valve ye-EGR

Ngokuvamile, uhlelo lwe-EGR lungabuyiselwa ngokumane uhlanze idivayisi. Ngokuvamile kunabanye, abanikazi bezimoto ze-Opel, Chevrolet Lacetti, Nissan, Peugeot.

Impilo yesevisi yezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene ze-EGR yi-70 - 100 km.

ngesikhathi hlanza i-valve ye-pneumatic EGR isidingo kusuka umule isihlalo esihlanzekile nesiqu. At ukuhlanza i-EGR nge-valve ye-solenoid yokulawula, ngokuvamile, isihlungi siyahlanzwa, okuvikela uhlelo lwe-vacuum ekungcoleni.

Ukuze uhlanze, uzodinga amathuluzi alandelayo: i-open end and box wrenches, ezimbili zokuhlanza i-carburetor (igwebu nesifutho), i-Phillips screwdriver, i-valve lapping paste.

Ukuhlanza i-valve ye-EGR

Ngemva kokuthola lapho i-valve ye-EGR itholakala khona, udinga ukugoqa amatheminali kusukela kubhethri, kanye nesixhumi esisuka kuso. khona-ke, usebenzisa isikrufu, khulula amabhawodi abambe i-valve, ngemva kwalokho siyikhiphe. Ingaphakathi ledivayisi kufanele licwiliswe nge-carburetor flush.

Kudingekile ukugeza isiteshi ku-manifold nge-foam cleaner kanye neshubhu. Inqubo kumele yenziwe phakathi kwemizuzu emi-5 ... 10. Bese uyiphinda izikhathi ezi-5 (kuya ngezinga lokungcola). Ngalesi sikhathi, i-valve efakwe ngaphambili ibolile futhi isilungele ukuhlakazwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, vula ama-bolts bese wenza ukuqaqa. Khona-ke, ngosizo lwe-lapping paste, sigaya i-valve.

Lapho i-lapping yenziwe, udinga ukugeza kahle konke, futhi ulinganise, futhi unamathisele. khona-ke udinga ukomisa kahle futhi uqoqe konke. futhi qiniseka ukuthi uhlola i-valve ukuthi iqinile yini. Lokhu kwenziwa kusetshenziswa uphalafini, othelwa endaweni eyodwa. Silinda imizuzu emi-5, ukuze uphalafini ungagelezi kwelinye igumbi, noma ohlangothini olungemuva, ukumanzisa kungaveli. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, i-valve ayivalwa ngokuqinile. Ukuze uqede ukuhlukana, phinda inqubo echazwe ngenhla. Ukuhlanganiswa kwesistimu kwenziwa ngokulandelana okuphambene.

Ukushintshwa kwe-valve ye-EGR

Kwezinye izimo, okungukuthi, lapho i-valve ihluleka, kuyadingeka ukuyishintsha. Ngokwemvelo, le nqubo izoba nezici zayo zokuklama imodeli ngayinye yemoto, noma kunjalo, ngokwemibandela evamile, i-algorithm izoba cishe efanayo.

Nokho, ngaphambi nje kokushintshwa, imisebenzi eminingana kufanele yenziwe, okungukuthi, leyo ehlobene nekhompyutha, ukusetha kabusha ulwazi, ukuze i-electronics "yamukele" idivayisi entsha futhi inganiki iphutha. Ngakho, udinga ukuthatha izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

• hlola ama-vacuum hoses we-exhaust gas recirculation system;
• hlola ukusebenza kwenzwa ye-USR kanye nohlelo lonke;
• hlola i-patency yomugqa wokubuyisela kabusha igesi;
• buyisela inzwa ye-EGR;
• hlanza isiqu se-valve kusuka ku-carbon deposits;
• khipha ikhodi yephutha kukhompyutha bese uhlola ukusebenza kwedivayisi entsha.

Ngokuqondene nokushintshwa kwedivayisi eshiwo, sizonikeza isibonelo sokushintshwa kwayo emotweni yeVolkswagen Passat B6. I-algorithm yomsebenzi izoba kanje:

1. Nqamula isixhumi senzwa yokuma kwesihlalo sevalvu.
2. Khulula izinsimbi futhi ukhiphe amapayipi okupholisa kuma-valve.
3. Khumula izikulufu (ezimbili ohlangothini ngalunye) ekubopheni amashubhu ensimbi okuhloselwe ukuhlinzeka nokukhipha amagesi ukusuka / kuya ku-valve ye-EGR.
4. Umzimba we-valve unamathiselwe enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi kusetshenziswa ubakaki onebhawodi yamandla eyodwa nezikulufu ezimbili ze-M8. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuwakhulula, ukhiphe i-valve endala, ufake entsha endaweni yayo futhi uqinise izikulufu emuva.
5. Xhuma i-valve ohlelweni lwe-ECU, bese uyivumelanisa usebenzisa isofthiwe (ingase ihluke).

Njengoba ubona, inqubo ilula, futhi ngokuvamile, kuyo yonke imishini, ayibonisi ubunzima obukhulu. Uma ucela usizo esiteshini sesevisi, khona-ke inqubo yokubuyisela lapho ibiza cishe ama-ruble angu-4 ... 5 ayizinkulungwane namuhla, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo lwemoto. Ngokuqondene nentengo ye-valve ye-EGR, isukela ku-1500 ... ruble 2000 nangaphezulu (kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwemoto).

Izimpawu zokwehluleka kwenjini kadizili

I-valve ye-EGR ayifakiwe kuphela kuphethiloli, kodwa futhi nasezinjini zedizili (kuhlanganise ne-turbocharged). Futhi into ethakazelisa kakhulu kulo mthambo ukuthi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwedivayisi okukhulunywe ngenhla, izinkinga ezichazwe ngenhla zenjini kaphethiloli yenjini ye-diesel zibaluleke kakhulu. Okokuqala udinga ukuphendukela umehluko ekusebenzeni kwedivayisi ezinjini ze-diesel. Ngakho-ke, lapha i-valve ivuleka ngokungenzi lutho, ihlinzeka cishe ngo-50% womoya ohlanzekile endaweni eningi ewuthathayo. Njengoba inani lama-revolutions likhula, liyavala futhi livale kakade ngomthwalo ogcwele enjinini yangaphakathi yomlilo. Lapho injini isebenza kumodi yokufudumala, i-valve nayo ivalwe ngokugcwele.

Izinkinga zixhunywe ngokuyinhloko yiqiniso lokuthi izinga likaphethiloli we-diesel wasekhaya, ukulibeka ngobumnene, lishiya okuningi okufanele lifiswe. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini evuthayo kadizili yangaphakathi, yivalvu ye-EGR, i-multiple intake, kanye nezinzwa ezifakwe ohlelweni ezingcoliswa. Lokhu kungase kubangele uphawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezilandelayo “zokugula”:

• ukusebenza okungazinzile kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi (amajezi, isivinini esintantayo esingenzi lutho);
• ukulahlekelwa izici eziguqukayo (kusheshisa kabi, kubonisa amandla aphansi ngisho nakumagiya aphansi);
• ukwanda petrol;
• ukuncipha kwamandla;
• Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi izosebenza "kakhulu" (ngemuva kwakho konke, i-valve ye-EGR ezinjini zikadizili iyona kanye edingekayo ukuze kuthambise ukusebenza kwenjini).

Ngokwemvelo, lezi zenzakalo ezisohlwini zingase zibe izimpawu zokunye ukungasebenzi kahle, noma kunjalo, kusanconywa ukuthi uhlole iyunithi eshiwo usebenzisa ukuxilongwa kwekhompyutha. Futhi uma kunesidingo, hlanza, shintsha noma umane ufice.

Kukhona futhi enye indlela yokuphuma - ukuhlanza i-multifold intake kanye nohlelo lonke oluhambisanayo (kuhlanganise ne-intercooler). Ngenxa yezinga eliphansi likaphethiloli we-diesel, lonke uhlelo lungcoliswa kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke ukuphazamiseka okuchazwe kungase kube umphumela wokungcola nje kwe-banal, futhi kuzonyamalala ngemva kokuhlanza okufanele. Le nqubo inconywa ukuba yenziwe okungenani kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili, futhi okungcono kaningi.