i-catalyst esikhundleni

Isiguquli se-catalytic siyingxenye yesistimu ye-exhaust eguga ngisho nangemva kweminyaka embalwa yokusebenza kanye nemayela elingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayi-100. km ingashintshwa.

Uthenge iVW Passat 10 kaphethiloli eneminyaka engu-2.0 ubudala futhi waba nenhlanhla yabanikazi bayo kwaze kwaba yilapho udokotela ohlola izifo ethi ungayishintsha i-catalyst futhi izokubiza cishe u-4000 PLN. Ungaphuli, ungakwazi ukulungisa imoto yakho ngenani eliphindwe kasishiyagalombili.

Isiguquli se-catalytic siyingxenye yesistimu ye-exhaust eguga ngisho nangemva kweminyaka embalwa yokusebenza kanye nemayela elingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayi-100. km izoshintshwa, njengoba ingeke ikwazi ukuhlanza igesi yokukhipha umoya ngokwezidingo zezindinganiso zaseYurophu.

Iyini le catalyst?

I-catalyst izobe ingasebenzi uma injini isha ngokuphelele. Khona-ke amanzi ne-carbon dioxide kuzophuma epayipini lokukhipha umoya. Ngeshwa, ukushiswa okuphelele akulokothi kuhluleke. kwenzeka, ngakho-ke, izingxenye zegesi yokukhipha eyingozi njenge-carbon monoxide, ama-hydrocarbon nama-nitrogen oxides akhiwa. Lezi zinto ziyingozi kakhulu emvelweni nakubantu, futhi umsebenzi we-catalyst ukuguqula izingxenye eziyingozi zibe ezingenabungozi. Ama-catalyst asetshenziswa ezinjinini zikaphethiloli angaba yi-oxidation, ukunciphisa, noma i-redox.

I-oxidation catalyst iguqula i-carbon monoxide nama-hydrocarbon eyingozi ibe isitimu namanzi futhi ayinciphisi ama-nitrogen oxide. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-nitrogen oxides asuswa yi-catalyst yokunciphisa. Njengamanje, kusetshenziswa ama-multifunctional (redox) ama-catalysts, awaziwa nangokuthi ama-catalysts amathathu, asusa kanyekanye zonke izingxenye ezintathu eziyingozi zamagesi okukhipha umoya. I-catalyst ingasusa ngisho nangaphezulu kwamaphesenti angu-90. izithako eziyingozi.

Umonakalo

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zomonakalo we-catalyst. Ezinye zazo zibonakala ngokucacile, kanti ezinye zingatholakala kuphela kumadivayisi akhethekile.

Ukulimala kwemishini kulula kakhulu ukubona nokuxilonga, ngoba. i-catalyst iyisici esibucayi kakhulu (i-ceramic insert). Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi izakhi zangaphakathi ziphuma. Khona-ke lapho ushayela nalapho wengeza igesi, kuba nomsindo wensimbi ovela endaweni yenjini nangaphambili phansi. Umonakalo onjalo ungenzeka ngenxa yokushaya isithiyo noma ukushayela endaweni ejulile ye-puddle nge-hot exhaust system. Olunye uhlobo lomonakalo ovame ukwenzeka lapho usebenza ngegesi ukuncibilika kwe-catalyst core. Ungakwazi ukuqagela mayelana nokuwohloka okunjalo ngemva kokwehla kwamandla enjini, futhi kungase kwenzeke ukuthi ngenxa yokuvinjelwa okuphelele kwe-exhaust injini ngeke ikwazi ukuqala.

Okuyingozi kakhulu kumshayeli, kodwa okuyingozi kakhulu endaweni, ukuguga okuvamile kwesiguquli se-catalytic. Khona-ke umshayeli akazizwa izinguquko ekusebenzeni kwenjini, azikho izimpawu ze-acoustic noma, futhi sizofunda kuphela mayelana nokuwohloka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezobuchwepheshe ngezikhathi ezithile noma ukuhlolwa komgwaqo okuhleliwe, lapho ukwakheka kwamagesi okukhipha umoya kuzokwenziwa. zihlolwe. Esimweni sokuqala, ngeke sithole ukunwetshwa kokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe, futhi esimweni sesibili, iphoyisa lizothatha isitifiketi sethu sokubhalisa futhi lisithumelele ukuhlolwa kwesibili, okumele kushintshwe esisha ukuze dlula.

Yini ongayithenga?

Lapho sikhetha i-catalyst entsha, sinezinketho ezimbalwa esingakhetha kuzo. Okulula, okulula kakhulu futhi okubiza kakhulu ukuvakashela isiteshi sesevisi esigunyaziwe. Kodwa lapho, i-catalyst yemoto eneminyaka engu-10 ubudala ingabiza kuze kufike kuhhafu wezindleko zemoto. Akuyena umthengisi okufanele asolwe ngalokhu, kodwa umenzi, obeka amanani aphezulu kangaka. Esinye isixazululo esihlakaniphile nesishibhe kakhulu wukwenza lokho okubizwa ngomgunyathi. Ngokuvamile umkhiqizi we-catalyst uyafana, futhi amanani azofika kumaphesenti angu-70. ngezansi. Ngeshwa, kukhona ama-fake kuphela amamodeli athandwa kakhulu. Ngakho-ke yini okufanele yenziwe abanikazi, isibonelo, izimoto zaseMelika, zaseJapane noma ezingavamile kakhulu? Kuvela ukuthi bangakwazi futhi ukuthembela kuma-catalysts ashibhile, ngoba banama-catalysts omhlaba wonke onawo, intengo yawo eyintando yeningi kakhulu. Futhi intengo ephansi ibangelwa ukuguquguquka okukhulu, ngoba akhiqizwanga imodeli ethile yemoto, kodwa ngosayizi othize wenjini. Ezinjinini ezincane kakhulu ezifika ku-1,6 amalitha, usungakwazi ukuthenga i-catalyst ye-PLN 370. Kwabakhudlwana, kusuka ku-1,6 kuya ku-1,9 amalitha, ku-PLN 440 noma i-PLN 550 - kusuka ku-2,0 kuya ku-3,0 amalitha. Yebo, umsebenzi owengeziwe kufanele wengezwe kule mali, okuzohlanganisa ukusika endala nokushisela okusha kuyo. indawo ye-catalyst. Ukusebenza okunjalo kungabiza kusukela ku-PLN 100 kuya ku-300, kuye ngokuthi indawo ye-catalyst kanye yinkimbinkimbi yomsebenzi. Kodwa kusazoba ishibhile kunokuthenga i-catalyst yasekuqaleni.

Ukushuna?

Amashuni amaningi enjini asusa isiguquli se-catalytic ukuze athole amahhashi ambalwa angeziwe wamandla. Akukho emthethweni ukwenza okuthile. Injini engenaso isiguquli se-catalytic iyingozi kakhulu kuneyunithi efanayo, eklanyelwe ukusebenza ngaphandle kwale divayisi. Futhi, ukususa isiguquli se-catalytic nokufaka ipayipi noma i-muffler endaweni yayo kungase kube nomphumela ophambene, okungukuthi. ekwehleni kokusebenza ngoba ukugeleza kwamagesi okukhipha umoya kuzophazamiseka.

Imodeli yemoto	Intengo ye-Catalyst nge-ASO (PLN)	Intengo yokushintshwa (PLN)	Intengo ye-Universal catalyst (PLN)
I-Fiat Bravo 1.4	2743	1030	370
I-Fiat Seicento 1.1	1620	630	370
I-Honda Civic 1.4'99	2500	ukuntula	370
I-Opel Astra i 1.4	1900	1000	370
IVolkswagen Passat 2.0 '96	3700	1500	550
IVolkswagen Golf III 1.4	2200	600	370
IVolkswagen Polo 1.0 '00	2100	1400	370