I-Catalyst - ukuklama nokusebenza. Isetshenziselwa ini idivayisi ye-catalytic?

Iyini i-catalyst futhi kungani idingeka?

Lesi sici sisetshenziswa njengengxenye yesistimu yokukhipha etholakala kupayipi lokukhipha umoya. I-converter ye-catalytic yemoto ifana nepayipi yobubanzi obukhulu kunesigaba sokuqeda, esihlotshaniswa nokubekwa kwezinto ezithintekayo kuyo. Ungayibona kalula ezimotweni zesizukulwane esidala, uphethiloli nodizili.

Kumamodeli akhiqizwayo njengamanje, inani labaguquli be-catalytic abafakwe emotweni eyodwa liye landa. Lokhu kungenxa yokwanda okuqhubekayo kwamazinga okukhipha i-exhaust kanye nokukhuhla amanani ezinto eziyingozi eziphuma ku-tailpipe. Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kube nomthelela ekwakhiweni kwezihlungi ezikhethekile zezimoto zikadizili, ezibhalwe ukuthi DPF. Njengamanje, cishe zonke izimoto zikadizili emakethe zinezihlungi ezinjalo ebhodini.

Isakhiwo se-catalyst kanye nesenzo saso

Ngaphandle, isiguquli se-catalytic sifana nesithulisi se-exhaust futhi, kuye ngemoto, singase sibe nomumo oyisicaba noma oyisilinda. Ezimotweni zesimanje, isetshenziswa njenge-exhaust manifold insert. Inzuzo yalesi sixazululo ukushisa okusheshayo nokusebenza kahle. Ngaphakathi kwedivayisi ye-catalytic kukhona izingxenye ezilandelayo:

• isihlangu sokushisa;
• umgogodla we-ceramic noma wensimbi;
• izinyosi ezifakwayo.
  
  

Ngabe i-catalyst isebenza kanjani?

Uyafuna ukwazi ukuthi i-catalyst isebenza kanjani? Yonke inqubo iqala lapho imikhiqizo evuthayo eyingozi yengxube ingena ngaphakathi kwayo. Lawa ama-hydrocarbon, i-carbon monoxide nama-nitrogen oxides. Ngenxa yesakhiwo kanye nokuba khona kweplatinamu, ezinye izakhi nama-oxide e-alumina ne-cerium oxide, i-NOX iyasuswa futhi, ngenxa yalokho, i-nitrogen N ikhishwa emkhathini.₂. Kwenye ingxenye ye-catalyst, i-CO i-oxidized futhi i-CO iyakhiwa.₂ ngi h₂O.

I-Catalyst emotweni - ukuqina

Isiguquli se-catalytic, naphezu kokusebenza okuqhubekayo nokuchayeka ezimweni zezulu ezishintshayo, siyingxenye yesistimu yokukhipha umoya ekwazi ukumelana nomonakalo futhi ehlala isikhathi eside. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumayo, ingasebenza ngokungenasici amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-200. Kodwa-ke, ngokusebenza kwemoto, ukusebenza kahle kwayo kuncipha, futhi ingaphindaphindwa ngokungasebenzi kahle kwenjini.

I-Automotive Catalytic Converter - Ukungasebenzi kahle

Ukwehluleka kwe-Catalyst ngokuvamile kungaba ngomshini futhi kufaka phakathi ukulimala kwezixhumi noma i-casing. Njengomphumela wokushaya isithiyo noma ngaphansi kwethonya lokuvela okungazelelwe kwamanzi emfucumfucwini, isiguquli se-catalytic emotweni singase singaphumeleli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isistimu yokubasa engalungile ingabangela ukuthi izihlungi zangaphakathi zehluleke. Isizathu sazo ngokuvamile sisohlangothini lwesistimu yokuthungela engalungile.

Uma uphethiloli ungashisi ku-cylinder, ungena ohlelweni lwe-exhaust futhi uvutha ku-converter ye-catalytic. Lesi simo siphakamisa izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwedivayisi futhi sicekele phansi i-cartridge, sonakalise ikhwalithi yokuhlanza igesi ephumayo. Umzamo wokuqalisa imoto ngokudonsa noma "i-jolts" unikeza umphumela ofanayo. Ngenxa yalokho, umthamo ongashisiwe kaphethiloli nawo ungena ohlelweni lokukhipha umoya futhi umphumela wokugcina ufana necala langaphambilini.

Izimpawu ze-catalyst yemoto eyonakele

Ezimotweni zanamuhla, isiguquli se-catalytic esiphukile sibonakala ngokuncipha kwamandla. Kungani? Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inzwa eyakhelwe kusiguquli se-catalytic ithola amanani ahlukile kulawo asefekthri. Lolu lwazi lusetshenziswa umlawuli ukulungisa ukwakheka kwengxube ye-fuel-air, ngakho-ke noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kuholela ekushintsheni kwayo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ekuwohlokeni kokusebenza kwemoto.

Ungabona isiguquli se-catalytic esilimele emotweni ngokumaka kudeshibhodi. Ngokujwayelekile bese kuba nokukhanya okuwolintshi hlola injini. Yiqiniso, akulona kuphela isibopho sedivayisi ye-catalytic, ngakho ukubonakala kwayo esibukweni akusho ukuthi isici esichazwe sonakele. Enye indlela isifundo se-organoleptic sesimo se-catalyst. I-elementi enesici izenza izwakale ngokungqongqoza nokuhlengezela kwensimbi.

Ungayilungisa kanjani i-catalytic converter emotweni?

Enye yezindlela eziyinhloko ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-catalyst. Kuye ngenguqulo, lokhu kungakubiza ngaphezu kwama-zloty ayinkulungwane. Nokho, kuseshibhe kakhulu kunokuthenga umkhiqizo omusha. Kwezinye izimo, isiguquli se-catalytic asikwazi ukulungiswa futhi kufanele ukhethe umkhiqizo omusha. Ngenhlanhla, kuningi okushintshwayo emakethe okushibhile kakhulu kunezingxenye zokuqala. Ziyatholakala futhi njengezingxenye zomhlaba wonke ezifaniswe ngokwamandla eyunithi.

Isimo siba nzima nakakhulu lapho imoto ifakwe iziguquli eziningana catalytic, kuhlanganise eyodwa etholakala exhaust manifold. Intengo yayo ingadlula ama-zloty ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa, engathulula isikhwama sakho semali. Kubalulekile ukuthi ngemuva kokuhlakazeka, isiguquli se-catalytic yezimoto kufanele silahlwe. Ngakho-ke, ukufaka isisetshenziswa esisetshenzisiwe kuphambene nomthetho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kwayo ngokuvamile kukhulu futhi akwaziwa.

Noma mhlawumbe usike...

Njengoba amashuni angamateur esho - "cisha i-catalyst, kuzoba namahhashi amaningi." Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kuyiqiniso, ngoba lesi sakhi sikhawulela ukuhamba kwamahhala kwamagesi. Ukususwa kwayo ngezinga elithile kwandisa ukusebenza kwemoto. Kodwa-ke, qaphela ukuthi imoto engenaso isiguquli se-catalytic ayihambelani ne-homologation yomkhiqizi. Ngenxa yalokho, i-diagnostician ngeke ikwazi ukunquma ngomphumela omuhle ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuncisha imoto ye-catalyst kuhlotshaniswa noshintsho ekufundweni kwesilawuli senjini. Njengoba ubona, i-catalytic converter yenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu emotweni, futhi singalindela ukuvela kwayo eminyakeni ezayo. I-Ecology iphoqa ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezithuthuke kakhulu zokuhlanza igesi. Uma uthenga imoto eke yasetshenziswa, kufanele ubheke isimo se-catalytic converter yemoto ukuze ugweme ukulungiswa okubizayo noma ukushintshwa.