Ungayikhetha kanjani ukusonta ngokulungisa imoto ye-DIY
Okuqukethwe
Ukuzilungisela imoto akulula. Ezimotweni ezine-mileage ephezulu, kunento ehlale iphuka, futhi kufanele ilungiswe. Izimoto eziningi zesimanje zinezinhlelo zobuchwepheshe eziyinkimbinkimbi, kwesinye isikhathi ezenza ukuthi ngisho nesondo elijwayelekile lonyaka lishintshe inkinga enkulu.
Ngokuqondene nezimoto zesabelomali, ake sithi, ekuqaleni kuka-2000, amayunithi amaningi kuzo angalungiswa ngokwawo. Kodwa-ke, ngaphandle kwamathuluzi afanele, umakhenikha ozifundisayo uzochitha isikhathi esiningi elungiswa, okuzokwenziwa esiteshini sesevisi ngemizuzu engu-5, noma uzolimala.
Cabanga ngethuluzi elilodwa elikhethekile elenza ukulungiswa kwezimoto kujabulise kakhudlwana, kuphephe futhi kusheshe. Lesi wrench. Okokuqala, ake sikhulume ngokuthi kungani kudingeka, nokuthi siyini isimiso sokusebenza kwayo.
Yenzelwe ini futhi isebenza kanjani?
Igama ngokwalo lisikisela ukuthi leli thuluzi lenzelwe ukusonta amantongomane nama-bolts ngama-caps afanayo. Iwrench ingenye yezinhlobo zamathuluzi ezisemqoka okumele zitholakale ebhokisini lamathuluzi lanoma yimuphi umshayeli.
Konke ukuxhumana kwezindlela ezenziwa ngokuzenzakalela kwenziwa ngohlobo lwe-bolt / nut. Njengoba inqubo yokushayela lezi zingqinamba zithinteka ngezinga elithile noma ngokunyakaza, ziyancipha ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi zidinga ukuqiniswa. Lapho kwenziwa ngisho noshintsho oluyisisekelo lukawoyela wenjini, kudingeka ukuthi kusushulwe okufanayo kukhishwe igrisi yakudala.
Iwrench wrench iyithuluzi eliguquguqukayo. Ngaphandle, kubukeka sengathi kubhola. Kuphela engxenyeni ejikelezayo ayinayo i-chuck, kodwa i-adaptha yokuxhuma umbhobho (iphini elinezinhlangothi ezi-4 lapho kufakwa khona ikhanda elingena esikhundleni). Kukhona futhi amamodeli lapho umbhobho ungashintshi.
Yonke enye into icishe ifane ne-drill - umzimba wesibhamu, inkinobho ye-trigger esibambo, njll. Ngokuya ngemodeli, ithuluzi lisebenzisa imithombo ehlukahlukene yomthelela entweni ejikelezayo. Lokhu kungaba ugesi, amandla omoya akhishwe yi-compressor, njll.
Umshini unentwasahlobo yokubuyisa evumela ukuthi shaft ijikeleze iye kolunye uhlangothi lokuzungeza kwe-motor shaft noma enye indlela yokushayela. Ngenxa yale ndawo, umakhenikha angabeka amandla okuqinisa ukuze angagqashuli intambo. Kodwa-ke, abakhiqizi bamathuluzi we-auto bangasebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokwakha.
Leli thuluzi lenza kube lula ukuphatha amabhawodi abilisiwe noma amantongomane. Indlela yalo yakhelwe ngendlela yokuthi i-torque inikezwe kushaft eqhutshwa hhayi ngesihlanganisi esiqinile, kepha ngedivayisi enikeza umthelela womthelela (ofana nokusebenza kwesando sokuprakthiza). Ngenxa yalokhu, intambo ebilisiwe iyanqamuka ngaphandle kwesidingo semizamo eyeqile, yingakho abalungisi belimala kakhulu - ukhiye uyagxuma, bese umuntu eshaya umshini ngezandla zakhe.
Izinhlobo zamadivayisi nokwehluka kwawo
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-wrenches womthelela esewonke. Uhlobo lokuqala ukushaywa (umphumela ufana ne-hammer drill), lapho ukusonteka kwenzeka khona kuma-jerks. Owesibili akacindezelekile. Izungezisa ikhanda kuphela.
Uhlobo lwesibili lwensimbi olwesigaba se-amateur. Kulula ukusebenza naye. Imodeli yokuthinta ine-torque ephezulu, evumela ukuthi isetshenziswe ekulungisweni kobuchwepheshe. Isibonelo, abashintshi bamathayi basebenzisa ukuguqulwa okunjalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadivayisi ahlukaniswe izinhlobo ezine ngokuya ngohlobo lwedrayivu. Nakhu umehluko wabo omkhulu.
Ugesi (inethiwekhi)
Lawa marenki ngokuyinhloko athinta umsele. Banamandla anele okusikrulula ngokushelela noma ukuhlinzeka ngocingo lwekhwalithi ephezulu lokuxhumeka okuningi emshinini. Ngenxa yobukhona bocingo, isikrufu sikagesi asinakho ukuhamba okukhulu, futhi uma sisetshenziswa ngokunganaki, izinhlamvu zekhebula ziyagqashuka.
Zenza kahle ngokuxhumeka okuyinkimbinkimbi okudinga amandla amaningi lapho usebenzisa ukhiye ojwayelekile. Ukuqaqa kuhlinzekwa ngokusebenza kwesibindi kwenjini kagesi. Amamodeli amaningi anamandla aqinile okuqinisa. Kulokhu, kusebenza njenge-torque wrench.
Iyashajwa
Esikhundleni samandla avela kuma-mains, i-wrench engenantambo yomthelela isebenzisa ugesi kusuka kumthombo wamandla osusekayo. Inzuzo yemodeli enjalo ukuhamba kwayo. Inkosi ingafika kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yemoto ngaphandle kokusebenzisa enye intambo yokwengeza. Ibhekana kahle nemisebenzi eminingi emincane ezimweni zasekhaya, kanye nokulungiswa kwezimoto ezincane.
I ethile enkulu umthamo webhethri. Uma itha sha futhi ishajiwe kahle, ithuluzi liphatha ukuxhumana okuqinile okudinga amandla we-500 Nm. Kepha noma kunjalo, ngemuva kwenathi yokuqala ebilayo, ukushaja kuyehla, yingakho kufanele uvuselele ibhethri.
Womoya
Noma yiliphi igalaji lochwepheshe lizoba nalokhu kuguqulwa kwesipikili. Ithuluzi le-pneumatic linamandla, futhi amandla okuqinisa angaba yizinkulungwane ezintathu ze-Nm. Ukusebenza komshini kunikezwa ngamandla womoya ocindezelweyo, ohlinzekwa kusuka echibini elixhunywe ku-compressor. Amandla okuqinisa alawulwa yi-valve etholakala kwisibambo sedivayisi.
Imvamisa, umzimba wethuluzi wenziwe ngensimbi ukuqinisekisa ukupholisa okusheshayo. Ukuhamba komoya ocindezelweyo kuqhuba ishafu lapho ikhanda ligxile khona. Izinhlobo eziningi zenza umsebenzi omkhulu wanoma iluphi usayizi wamantongomane asetshenziswa kumasondo emoto. Kodwa-ke, intengo yethuluzi elinjalo izoba phezulu, futhi ngokusebenza kwayo, futhi udinga ukuthenga iyunithi ye-compressor.
Umfutholuketshezi
Inketho ye-hydraulic inamandla kunayo yonke. Isetshenziswa ezitshalweni zezimboni. I-torque kumamodeli anjalo isivele ilinganiselwa kumashumi ezinkulungwane ze-Nm. Egaraji elijwayelekile, noma yimaphi amamodeli afakwe kuhlu anele.
Ithuluzi linikezwa amandla ngama-hydraulic - uwoyela noma olunye uketshezi olusebenzayo ludonswa yimpompo. Ishayela i-turbine, lapho kufakwa khona ishafula ngombhobho ohambelana nayo.
Nayi ividiyo emfushane mayelana nokuthi ukusonta komoya kuthinta kanjani ukusonta nokushaya inathi ngasikhathi sinye:
Uhlobo lokudla
Imininingwane ethe xaxa kulezi zinguquko. Ithuluzi likagesi linikwa amandla lisuka endaweni ejwayelekile kagesi yasendlini. Akudingi ukukhulisa amandla olayini (i-220V yanele). Lokhu kuguqulwa kulungele kakhulu abashayeli abanikezela ngemoto eyodwa. Kudingeka kakhulu ukusebenza nethuluzi elinjalo emakamelweni anengozi enkulu yomlilo. Lezi zigaxa zomthelela zisebenzisa ibhulashi ejwayelekile kagesi ekhiqiza izinhlansi.
Ukuguqulwa okunikwe amandla webhethri kunenye inzuzo eyodwa ngaphandle kokuhamba. Amamodeli abiza kakhulu awasebenzisi imoto ebhulashiwe, ngakho-ke afanele amakamelo anezinga eliphezulu lomlilo. Izintambo eziqeqeshiwe zalolu hlobo zingakwazi ngisho nokubhekana kahle namantongomane amahabhu osayizi angama-32. Kuyasiza kakhulu ukukhetha inketho ngamabhethri amabili kukhithi, noma ukuthenga umthombo owengeziwe wamandla ngokwehlukana. Lokhu kuzonciphisa isikhathi sokulungisa lapho ibhethri liphela.
Kumagalaji amaningi, kuyasebenziseka kakhulu ukuthenga imodeli yomoya. Iningi lezinsizakalo selivele linamayunithi we-compressor ngokuzenzakalela, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo semfucuza eyengeziwe ngokuthengwa kwethuluzi. Kepha kumnikazi wangempela, i-compressor izosebenza empilweni yansuku zonke nakweminye imisebenzi, ngokwesibonelo, ukudweba indawo enesibhamu sokufafaza, njll.
Ukuma, izinto zokwakha nokunethezeka
Ngaphezu kwama-nutrunners akudala ohlobo lwamavolovolo, kukhona nokuguqulwa okuningana. Zisesimweni se-ratchet ejwayelekile yesandla, kuphela zixhunywe ku-compressor, noma kugesi. Ubuhle bokuguqulwa okunjalo kulula kwabo. Kwanele ukubamba ithuluzi ngesandla esisodwa, njengoba imvamisa sibamba isikrufu.
Okunye ukuhlukahluka okuthiwa ama-wrenches aqondile. Asetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-conveyors lapho isisebenzi sihlanganisa imihlangano emikhulu ngaphandle kokushiya ulayini wokukhiqiza. Inzuzo yamamodeli anjalo iku-torque yawo ephezulu.
Amanye amamodeli afinyelela ku-3000Nm nangaphezulu. Kuliqiniso, ama-wrenches anjalo azobiza kakhulu - azungeze u- $ 700. Njengoba leli thuluzi lenzelwe ukucindezela amantongomane amakhulu namabhawodi, linezibambo ezimbili ukuze i-wrench ingaphumi ezandleni zakho.
Ngokuqondene nokunethezeka nokusebenziseka kalula, ngokombono osebenzayo kufanelekile ukuma kwimodeli ngesibambo senjoloba. Kulula ukuyiphatha ngesandla, noma unamagilavu. Ngokuyinhloko, amadivayisi anjalo enziwe ngepulasitiki noma insimbi engamelana nomthelela. Uzakwabo wensimbi uthembeke kakhulu futhi uyakwazi ukumelana nomsebenzi osebenzayo wenkosi enobudlabha.
Ukusebenza okwengeziwe kwamadivayisi
Nakhu okufanele ukubheke lapho ukhetha ukusonta okusha komthelela:
- I-Torque ipharamitha enquma amandla ingxenye ezohlanekezelwa ngayo. Ngokwemvelo, inani laleli pharamitha lithinta ukuthi hlobo luni lomsebenzi ongenziwa ngethuluzi. Lapho injini inamandla amakhulu, ithuluzi lizoba libiza kakhulu. Ukuze unqume le parameter, kufanelekile ukucabanga ukuthi ukuze ususe isikulufa esivamile, uzodinga ithuluzi eline-torque ka-200 Nm. Uma imodeli yamaShayina ithengiwe, khona-ke ipharamitha echazwe kumiyalo ivame ukuphindwe kabili izinkomba zangempela. Lapho uthatha isinqumo ngemodeli yesikhwama, kufanele unake umsebenzi wokushintsha amandla. Izongena kahle lapho kuqiniswa amantongomane amancane (ukuze ingaphuli intambo).
- Imodi ye-Impact - ukusebenza kwethuluzi ngokushaywa okulingisa ukushaywa ngesando kukhiye. Lo msebenzi ukuvumela ukuthi uqinise ukuxhumana okuhlanganisiwe ngomzamo omncane. Akusebenzi ngendlela efanayo neyesando kumshini wokubhola noma wesando. Umehluko walo ukuthi ikhanda liyajikeleza ngamajezi. Ngokuyinhloko, le modi iyadingeka ukukhipha umuthi ogqwalile. I-wrench ehloniphekile ye-DeWalt DCF899P2, esebenzisa ibhethri, ingene kulesi sigaba.
- Ukukhanyisa emuva kungenye indlela engaba wusizo lapho ulungisa imoto. Lapho uchwepheshe esemgodini wokuhlola, ngisho nelambu eliphathekayo kungenzeka lingakusizi ukubona intaba oyifunayo. I-flashlight efakwe endaweni yekhanda elijikelezayo izokusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi intaba izungeza ngokwanele noma cha. Okuwukuphela kwesixwayiso maqondana nale nketho ukuthi ukulungiswa kwebhethri kuphela okufakwe ukukhanya kwangemuva. Konke okunye, umenzi akazange akunikeze.
- Ukuvikelwa kwemoto ekulayisheni ngokweqile - umsebenzi onjalo owengeziwe kufanele ube nemodeli kagesi, ngoba ku-analogue yomoya idrayivu yenziwa ngomfutho womoya. Ukukhiywa ngokweqile kuvala ithuluzi ngokuzenzakalela ukuvikela ukuthi imoto yalo ingashi. Ngeshwa, imicibisholo eminingi engenazintambo ifakwe uhlelo olunjalo. Ngokuqondene nezifaniso zenethiwekhi, zimbalwa kuphela zazo. Isizathu ukuthi lolu hlobo lokuxhuma lusetshenziswa kuma-brushless motors, futhi amamodeli enethiwekhi awavamile ukuba nedrayivu enjalo.
Zibiza malini (amamodeli amahle kakhulu)
Izindleko zesikhwama zixhomeke ohlotsheni lwaso, isivinini kanye ne-torque ephezulu. Ukuphakama kwalezi zinkomba, ithuluzi lizobiza kakhulu, kepha umsebenzi elingakwazi ukubhekana nawo kungaba nzima kakhulu. Ukuhluka okujwayelekile kwebhethri ngebhethri eyi-12-volt namandla aqinisayo angama-100Nm kuzobiza okungenani u- $ 50.
I-analogue kagesi, amandla ayo angama-40W, ne-torque engu-350Nm, isivele izobiza cishe ama-200 USD. Imodeli yenziwe ngepulasitiki emelana nomthelela, isibambo sinerabha. Isikrini esinjalo sizovikeleka ekushiseni ngokweqile. Kuhle kakhulu kulabo abavame ukwenza isondlo emotweni yomgibeli.
Okuhamba phambili phakathi kwezinto zokusebenza ezingezona ezobuchwepheshe kuzoba amamodeli avela kubakhiqizi abanjalo:
- Isisiki somthelela ongenantambo nogesi esivela kumkhiqizi waseJalimane uBosch (GDR). Ngaphandle kwentengo ephezulu (iqala ku- $ 200 kuya phezulu), ngisho nemodeli enikwe amandla ngebhethri yenza umsebenzi omuhle wokusingatha ukuxhumana okuningi emotweni.
- Ithuluzi logesi eligqugquzelwayo elenziwa ngumenzi wasekhaya (i-ZUBR). Amakhosi amaningi e-novice ayayikhetha. Intengo yayo isuka ku- $ 80.
- Enye yezintambo ezibiza kakhulu yiHilti. Imodeli enebhethri elikhishwayo, iza nezinamathiselo ezijwayelekile eziningana nentambo yokwelulela yezindawo okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo. Izindleko zethuluzi elinjalo ziqala ku- $ 400. Lokhu kuguqulwa kusebenza kumodi ye-pulse, ngaleyo ndlela konga amandla webhethri.
- Phakathi kwamamodeli womoya, uJonesway JAI-1114 uzibonakalise kahle. It torque esiphezulu ifinyelela 1356 NM, futhi rpm - 900 ngomzuzu. Izindleko zethuluzi elinjalo cishe zingama- $ 180.
- IMakita TW140DWAE ingesinye isikrufu esihle esingenantambo esingakwazi ukulungisa ukulungiswa kwezimoto ezincane kahle nje. Isethi ifaka amabhethri amabili ayi-12-volt, izingcezu ezinamakhanda angafakwa esikhundleni kuleli cala. Yize i-torque encane (i-140Nm), inemodi yomthelela (inani lemithelela lifinyelela kuma-3200 ngomzuzu). Kulungiswa ngokucindezela inkinobho.
- I-Inforce PW720 iyimodeli yomoya ekwazi ukumelana nokusetshenziswa okunzima. Ilungele abashintshi bamathaya abangochwepheshe neziteshi zesevisi. Umzimba u-rubberized, ukuze ithuluzi lingesabi ukuwela kukhonkolo. I-torque ingu-570Nm kanti intengo iqala ku- $ 80.
Ukuze uthole imoto ejwayelekile yemoto, ungathenga ukuguqulwa kwe-pneumatic ngeyunithi ye-compressor. I-compressor nayo ingasetshenziselwa ama-jacks womoya kanye ne-inflation yamasondo. Uma kukhethwa isikrufu somthelela egalaji lomuntu siqu, khona-ke imodeli yokushaqeka kagesi izoba ngaphezu kokwanele. Umthwalo okukuwo ekhaya awuphakeme kangangoba ithuluzi lihluleka ngokushesha.
Единственное – стоит выбирать продукцию известных компаний, например, Makita, Bosch и т.п. В этом случае производитель дает хорошую гарантию и обеспечивает качественным сервисным обслуживанием. А lokhu kubuyekezwa kuyatshelaindlela yokuvula umnyango we-VAZ 21099 uma ungekho amathuluzi afanelekile.
Bukela ividiyo emfushane yokuthi umsonto ongenantambo usebenza kanjani (okuvumela ikhanda ukuthi lizungeze ngemizwa):
Imibuzo nezimpendulo:
Yisiphi isikrufu somthelela ongasikhethela igaraji lakho? Kuya emsebenzini owenziwayo. Ngezidingo zasendlini, isikrufu sikagesi sizokwanela. I-analogue ye-pneumatic izodingeka kakade esiteshini sesevisi sochwepheshe.
Ungakhetha kanjani isikrufu somthelela wegaraji kagesi? Amandla amamodeli angochwepheshe aqala ku-1.2 kW. I-torque eyeqile igcwele ukuphuka kwentambo, futhi i-torque enganele igcwele ukuqina okubuthakathaka kwamantongomane.
Mangakanani amandla adingekayo ukuze isikrufu segaraji? Ezimweni zasekhaya, kwanele ukuthi i-wrench kagesi ibe namandla angaba ngu-1000 W kanye ne-torque ebangeni lama-300-400 Nm. Ithuluzi elinjalo lizobhekana nanoma yimuphi umsebenzi.
