Imuphi uwoyela ohlukile okufanele ukhethe?

Imuphi uwoyela ohlukile okufanele ukhethe?

Umehluko uyinto ebaluleke kakhulu yedivayisi yemoto, umsebenzi wayo ukwenza hhayi owodwa, kepha imisebenzi emithathu ebalulekile:

• ukudlulisa torque kusuka injini amasondo drive
• setha amasondo ngejubane elihlukile le-angular
• sebenza njengesinciphisi ngokuhlanganiswa nedrayivu yokugcina

Ngamanye amagama, ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwezinto ezihlukile, amasondo emoto angazungeza ngejubane elihlukile lapho ujika khona, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza nokuphepha ngenkathi ushayela.

Njengoba iqukethe izingxenye zensimbi ezinamabomu ahlukahlukene, njengamagiya nokunye, idinga ukuthanjiswa okuqhubekayo kwalezi zingxenye ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo kahle nokuvikela ukulimala. Lo msebenzi obalulekile unikezwa ngamafutha kukwahluka.

Uyini uwoyela wokuhlukanisa?

Uwoyela ohlukile noma ovuselelayo uwuhlobo lwamafutha aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa kwengcindezi ephezulu. Ihlukile kumafutha enjini ngokuminyana kanye ne-viscosity. (Amafutha ahlukile ajiyile kakhulu futhi ane-viscosity ephakeme kunamafutha enjini.)

ukuhlukaniswa:
I-American Petroleum Institute (API) ibeka uwoyela ohlukanisayo kusuka ku-GL-1 kuye ku-GL-6, isilinganiso ngasinye sihlotshaniswa nezinhlobo ezithile zama-gearbox nezimo zokusebenza:

I-GL-1, ngokwesibonelo, inguwoyela wamagiya wesisekelo owenzelwe izinhlobo ezithile zamasethingi okwehlukaniswa nezimo zokusebenza okukhanyayo.
I-GL-6 yenzelwe ukusebenza ezindaweni ezinzima kakhulu
Imuphi uwoyela wokukhetha ongakhetha kuwo?
Kunezinto ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha uwoyela wokuhlukanisa:

• i-viscosity
• Isilinganiso se-API
• Umbandela ngokuya nge-ANSI / AGMA standard
• Uhlobo lwesithasiselo

Ukungabi nabulungisa
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile okufanele uwoyela wokuhlukanisa izinga eliphezulu ube nazo. I-viscosity ivame ukushiwo kumanuwali yensiza yemoto. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, ungathola imininingwane ngemodeli ethile nokwenza imoto online noma uthinte isikhungo sesevisi noma isitolo esikhethekile samafutha.

Isilinganiso se-API
Sesishilo ukuthi lesi silinganiso sihlobene nohlobo lokwehluka nezimo zokusebenza. Yikuphi ukulinganisa okuhambisanayo okuchazwe nakwimanuwali yomshini.

I-ANSI / AGMA ejwayelekile
Kubandakanya izindlela ezichaza imibandela efana nomthwalo, isivinini, izinga lokushisa, njll. Njalonjalo. Sicabanga ukuthi sekucacile vele ukuthi lezi zinhlaka zingatholakala nakwincwadi yemanuwali yomnikazi wemoto.

Izithasiselo
Izithasiselo ezingase ziqukethwe kuketshezi lokwehlukanisa ikakhulukazi ziyizigaba ezi-3:

• I-R&O - Izithasiselo zokulwa nokugqwala kanye ne-anti-oxidation ezihlinzeka ngokuvikela ukugqwala nokumelana namakhemikhali
• I-Antiscuff - izithasiselo ezidala ifilimu enamandla ezintweni ezihlukene
• Izithasiselo eziyinkimbinkimbi - lolu hlobo lwesithasiselo luhlinzeka ngokugcoba okukhulayo kanye nefilimu yokuzivikela engcono nakakhulu

Uwoyela oyisisekelo ohlukile, njengoyili we-injini, uhlukaniswe waba ngamaminerali noma okwenziwa:

Amafutha asuselwa kumaminerali ngokuvamile anama-viscosities aphezulu kunamafutha okwenziwa futhi anokusebenzisa okuningi
Amafutha okwenziwa nawo amelana kakhulu ne-oxidation nokuwohloka okushisayo, okwenza kube yisinqumo esingcono kakhulu sokusetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu okusebenza.
Kukho konke okushiwo, kusobala ukuthi ukukhetha umehluko ofanele kawoyela wakho akulula, ngakho-ke iseluleko lapho uthenga uwoyela ukulandela izincomo zomkhiqizi noma ufune izeluleko kumakhenikha noma kumthengisi ohlukile. amafutha.

Kungani kubalulekile ukushintsha uwoyela wokuhlukanisa ngezikhathi ezithile?

Ukushintsha uwoyela wamagiye kubalulekile njengokushintsha uwoyela wenjini yemoto, futhi isizathu salolu shintsho olujwayelekile ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uwoyela ungcola, unciphe futhi ulahlekelwe izakhiwo zawo kancane kancane.

Uwoyela ka-gearbox ushintsha kangaki?

Uketshezi olwehlukile ngokuvamile luhlala luqine kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zamafutha ezimoto, futhi izindaba ezinhle lezo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi ukushintshwa kwayo kufanele kunganakwa (njengoba kwenzeka njalo).

Isikhathi sokushintshwa sincike kuzo zombili izitayela zokushayela nezincomo zabakhiqizi bemodeli nohlobo oluthile lwemoto. Noma kunjalo, singasho ukuthi uwoyela wokuhlukanisa kuhle ukushintsha lapho imayela lisuka ku-30 ​​liye ku-60000 km.

Uma, ngemuva kokudluliswa kwe-mileage ephakanyisiwe, futhi uketshezi kungashintshiwe, izakhi zokwehluka ziqala ukukhipha imisindo engathandeki, futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana amagiya aqala ukuzilimaza.

Ngiwushintsha kanjani uwoyela umehluko?

Ukushintsha amafutha akuwona umsebenzi onzima, kodwa kukhona ukuphazamiseka okuncane ... Amafutha egiya ngokwawo anuka kabi (into ephakathi kwesibabule namaqanda abolile). Lokhu "kunuka" akujabulisi nhlobo, futhi uma ushintsho lwenziwa ekhaya, kufanele lwenziwe ngaphandle noma ezindaweni ezinomoya omuhle kakhulu.

Uketshezi kungashintshwa eshabhu noma ekhaya. Kunconywa ukushiya ushintsho lwensizakalo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze "uzivikele" ephunga elibi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi umsebenzi uzokwenziwa ngokushesha, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Kodwa-ke, uma uwuhlobo lomdlandla ongavele uzenzele wena, nakhu ukuthi ungazenza kanjani izinguquko ekhaya.

ukuqeqeshwa
Lungisa amathuluzi adingekayo, uwoyela omusha wokugcwalisa nendawo efanele lapho uzoshintsha khona

Amathuluzi ozowadinga ekushintsheni uwoyela ngokuqinisekile ayatholakala eworkshop yakho yasekhaya. Imvamisa ngeqoqo le-rattles, ama-wrenches ambalwa netreyi efanelekile yokuqoqa uwoyela omdala kuzosebenza kahle
Uzothola ukuthi uluphi uwoyela owudingayo kwincwajana yakho yesevisi yemoto. Uma ungayitholi, ungaxhumana nesinye sezitolo ezikhethekile noma izitolo zokulungisa, lapho zizokusiza wenze ukukhetha okulungile.
Ukukhethwa kwendawo nakho kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuhle ukukhetha indawo eyisicaba ngaphandle noma igumbi elinomoya omncane kakhulu (sesivele sisho ukuthi kungani).

Ushintsho lukawoyela igxathu negxathu:

• Qala imoto yakho futhi wenze "imibuthano" embalwa ezungeze indawo ukufudumeza uwoyela kancane. (Lapho uwoyela ufudumala, uzokhipha amanzi ngokushesha okukhulu)
• Paka imoto yakho ebushelelezi bese ufaka ibhuleki lokupaka
• Phakamisa imoto ngejeke noma ngedivayisi ephakamisa ukusebenza ngokunethezeka
• Lungisa indawo osebenzela kuyo. Bheka ngokucophelela umehluko bese ufunda imanuwali yakho yemoto, njengoba kuya ngokwakhiwa komehluko kungaba nepulagi yokukhipha uwoyela, kepha kungadingeka ukuthi uvule i-hood
• Ngaphambi kokuqala umsebenzi wangempela, faka ithreyi noma esinye isitsha esifanele ngaphansi kukakhokho ukuze uwoyela unqwabelane esitsheni ungachitheki ndawo phansi.
• Thola ukuthi ikuphi imbobo yokugcwalisa futhi ukhulule ikepisi kancane (imvamisa leli cap liphezulu kophahla lomzimba).
• Thola bese uqaqa ipulagi yokukhipha amanzi bese uvumela uwoyela ukhiphe ngokuphelele.

Sula kahle ngendwangu ehlanzekile ukuze ususe uwoyela omningi. Qiniseka ukuthi womisa yonke into kahle. Bese ususa ikepisi lokugcwalisa bese ufaka uwoyela omusha wokuhlukanisa. Sebenzisa uwoyela wegiye osezingeni eliphezulu futhi njalo ulandele imiyalo yomkhiqizi. Ukugcwalisa uwoyela omusha kuyashesha futhi kulula usebenzisa ipompo, ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi lapho ulungiselela amathuluzi akho okushintsha uwoyela.
Qala ngokugcwalisa uwoyela omusha. Ukuthola ukuthi udinga uwoyela ongakanani, hlola ukumakwa kukhephu nokuthi ulayini ufinyelela esitobhini esiphezulu. Uma ungalutholi uphawu olunjalo, engeza uketshezi luze luphume emgodini wokugcwalisa.

Phindela emuva ikepisi, hlanza indawo kahle bese ususa umshini ku-jack.
Bheka ukuvuza ezinsukwini ezizayo.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Uhlobo luni lwamafutha lokugcwalisa umehluko? Ku-axle yangemuva kuma-gearbox esimanje (i-axle yangemuva ehlukile nayo ikhona lapho), kusetshenziswa uwoyela wegiya wesigaba se-API GL-5. I-viscosity yemodeli ethile inqunywa ngumenzi wezimoto ngokwakhe.

Uyini uwoyela ohlukile? Iwuwoyela wegiya okwazi ukugcina ifilimu kawoyela ezingxenyeni ezilayishwe kakhulu futhi nokuba ne-viscosity efanele.

Imaphi amafutha ongawathululela kumehluko wokushelela okulinganiselwe? Ukuze uthole umehluko olinganiselwe we-slip kanye namadivayisi okuvimbela ama-disc, kuyadingeka ukuthenga amafutha akhethekile (anezici zabo ze-viscosity kanye nezici zokugcoba).