Imaphi amafutha angcono ebusika
Okuqukethwe
Lapho kuqala isithwathwa, abanikazi bezimoto abaningi banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi yini amafutha ukugcwalisa ebusika. Ezifundeni ezahlukene zezwe lethu, kusetshenziswa amafutha abhalwe ukuthi 10W-40, 0W-30, 5W30 noma 5W-40. Ngamunye wabo unezici ezihlukene ze-viscosity kanye nokushisa okuncane okusebenzayo. Ngakho-ke, uwoyela obhalwe ukuthi 0W ungasetshenziswa ezingeni lokushisa elincane -35 ° C, 5W - ku -30 ° C, no-10W - kufika ku -25 ° C, ngokulandelana. futhi ukukhetha kuncike ohlotsheni lwesisekelo samafutha. Njengoba izithambisi zamaminerali zinezinga eliphezulu lokuqandisa, azisetshenziswa. Esikhundleni salokho, ama-synthetic noma, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kusetshenziswa uwoyela we-semi-synthetic. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi zingezesimanje futhi zinezici zokusebenza eziphezulu.
Indlela yokukhetha amafutha ebusika
Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-viscosity
ipharamitha eyisisekelo evumela ukuthi uphendule umbuzo wokuthi yimaphi amafutha angcono ukugcwalisa ebusika I-viscosity ye-SAE. Ngokwalo mbhalo, kukhona ubusika obuyisishiyagalombili (kusuka ku-0W ukuya ku-25W) no-9 ehlobo. Konke kulula lapha. Kusukela enombolweni yokuqala kulebula kawoyela ebusika ngaphambi kohlamvu W (uhlamvu lumelela igama lesiNgisi elifushanisiwe elithi Winter - ubusika), udinga ukususa inombolo engu-35, ngenxa yalokho uzothola inani elibi lokushisa ngamadigri Celsius. .
Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi yimaphi amafutha angcono kune-0W30, 5W30 noma amanye ebusika. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwenza izibalo ezifanele, futhi uthole izinga lokushisa eliphansi elivumelekile lokusebenza kwabo. Isibonelo, uwoyela we-0W30 ulungele izifunda eziningi ezisenyakatho, lapho izinga lokushisa lehla liye ku-35 ° C ebusika, no-5W30 uwoyela, ngokulandelana, kuya ku-30 ° C. Isici sabo sasehlobo siyafana (esibonakala ngenombolo engu-30), ngakho-ke kulo mongo akubalulekile.
| Izinga lokushisa eliphansi le-viscosity value | Inani lokushisa elincane lomoya ekusebenzeni kukawoyela |
|---|---|
| 0W | -35 ° C |
| 5W | -30 ° C |
| 10W | -25 ° C |
| 15W | -20 ° C |
| 20W | -15 ° C |
| 25W | -10 ° C |
Ngezinye izikhathi, amafutha e-motor angatholakala ekuthengiseni, lapho izici, okungukuthi, i-viscosity, zikhonjiswe ngokuhambisana ne-GOST 17479.1-2015. Kunezigaba ezine ezifanayo zamafutha asebusika. Ngakho, izinkomba zasebusika ze-GOST ecacisiwe zihambisana namazinga e-SAE alandelayo: 3 - 5W, 4 - 10W, 5 - 15W, 6 - 20W.
Nokho, lapho ukhetha uwoyela owodwa noma omunye ayikwazi ukuqondiswa kuphela yi-viscosity yezinga lokushisa eliphansi. Kukhona nezinye izigaba ezisezingeni le-SAE ezichaza izici zamafutha. Amafutha owakhethayo kufanele ahlangabezane, kuyo yonke imingcele namazinga, izidingo umkhiqizi wemoto yakho azibekela yona. Uzothola ulwazi olufanele kumadokhumenti noma imanuwali yemoto.
Imaphi amafutha angcono enziwe nge-synthetic noma i-semi-synthetic ebusika
Umbuzo wokuthi yimaphi amafutha angcono - i-synthetic noma i-semi-synthetic ibalulekile nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Kodwa-ke, mayelana nezinga lokushisa elibi, i-viscosity yezinga lokushisa eliphansi okukhulunywe ngenhla ibaluleke kakhulu kulo mongo. Ngokuqondene nohlobo lwamafutha, ukucabanga kokuthi "ama-synthetics" avikela kangcono izingxenye ze-ICE nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka kulungile. Futhi uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi ngemva kwesikhathi eside sokuphumula, ubukhulu bawo bejiyomethri buyashintsha (nakuba bungatheni), khona-ke ukuvikela kuzo ngesikhathi sokuqalisa kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngokusekelwe kulokhu okungenhla, kungafinyelelwa isiphetho esilandelayo. Into yokuqala okufanele uyinake yizinga lokushisa eliphansi le-viscosity value. Okwesibili yizincomo zomkhiqizi wemoto yakho. Okwesithathu, uma unemoto yesimanje ebizayo angaphandle nge entsha (noma ICE esanda kulungiswa), kufanele usebenzise uwoyela zokwenziwa. Uma ungumnikazi wemoto ephakathi nendawo noma yesabelomali, futhi ungafuni ukukhokha ngokweqile, khona-ke "ama-semi-synthetics" afaneleka kuwe. Ngokuqondene nowoyela wamaminerali, akunconywa ukuwusebenzisa, ngoba eqhweni eliqinile liyaqina kakhulu futhi alivikeli injini yomlilo yangaphakathi emonakalweni kanye / noma ukugqoka.
amafutha ebusika angcono ezinjini zikaphethiloli
Manje ake sibheke TOP 5 amafutha ethandwa phakathi abashayeli bezimoto ezifuywayo izinjini uphethiloli (nakuba ezinye zazo universal, okungukuthi, zingase futhi kuthelwe ezinjinini zikadizili). Isilinganiso sahlanganiswa ngesisekelo sezici zokusebenza, okungukuthi, ukumelana nesithwathwa. Ngokwemvelo, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zokugcoba emakethe namuhla, ngakho-ke uhlu lunganwetshwa izikhathi eziningi. Uma unombono wakho ngalolu daba, sicela wabelane ngalo kumazwana.
| Isihloko | Izimpawu, amazinga kanye nezimvume abakhiqizi | Intengo ekuqaleni kuka-2018 | Incazelo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-POLYMERIUM XPRO1 5W40 SN | I-API SN/CF | I-ACEA A3/B4, A3/B3 | MB-Ukuvunyelwa 229.3/229.5 | VW 502 00 / 505 00 | I-Renault RN 0700 / 0710 | BMW LL-01 | I-Porsche A40 | I-Opel GM-LL-B025 | | Ama-ruble ayi-1570 ku-4 litre canister | Kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinjini zikaphethiloli nezidizili (ngaphandle kwezihlungi zezinhlayiya) |
| I-G-ENERGY F SYNTH 5W-30 | I-API SM/CF, ACEA A3/B4, MB 229.5, VW 502 00/505 00, BMW LL-01, RENAULT RN0700, OPEL LL-A/B-025 | Ama-ruble ayi-1500 ku-4 litre canister | Okwezinjini zikaphethiloli nekadizili (kuhlanganise nama-turbocharged) ezimoto, amakhumbi namaloli amancane asebenza ezimeni ezehlukene zokusebenza, okuhlanganisa nezinzima. |
| I-Neste City Pro LL 5W-30 | I-SAE 5W-30 GM-LL-A-025 (izinjini zikaphethiloli), GM-LL-B-025 (izinjini zedizili); I-ACEA A3, B3, B4; I-API SL, SJ/CF; VW 502.00/505.00; MB 229.5; BMW Longlife-01; Kunconyelwe ukusetshenziswa lapho uwoyela we-Fiat 9.55535-G1 udingeka | Ama-ruble ayi-1300 ngamalitha ama-4 | Amafutha okwenziwa agcwele ezimotweni zeGM: Opel neSaab |
| I-Addinol Super Light MV 0540 5W-40 | I-API: SN, CF, ACEA: A3/B4; izimvume — VW 502 00, VW 505 00, MB 226.5, MB 229.5, BMW Longlife-01, Porsche A40, Renault RN0700, Renault RN0710 | Ama-ruble ayi-1400 ngamalitha ama-4 | Amafutha okwenziwa kaphethiloli nezinjini zikadizili |
| Lukoil Genesis Advanced 10W-40 | SN/CF, MB 229.3, A3/B4/B3, PSA B71 2294, B71 2300, RN 0700/0710, GM LL-A/B-025, Fiat 9.55535-G2, VW 502.00/505.00 | Ama-ruble ayi-900 ngamalitha ama-4 | Uwoyela wesimo sezulu sonke osuselwe kubuchwepheshe bokwenziwa obusetshenziswa kuphethiloli kanye nezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi zikadizili zezimoto ezintsha nezisetshenzisiwe zokukhiqizwa kwangaphandle nezasekhaya ezimeni ezinzima zokusebenza. |
Isilinganiso samafutha ezinjini zikaphethiloli
Futhi, lapho ukhetha uwoyela, udinga ukunaka le nuance elandelayo. Njengoba injini yomlilo yangaphakathi iguga (imayela layo liyakhula), izikhala phakathi kwezingxenye zayo ziyakhula. Futhi lokhu kuholela udinga ukusebenzisa uwoyela omkhulu (isb. 5W esikhundleni sika-0W). Uma kungenjalo, amafutha ngeke enze imisebenzi eyabelwe wona, futhi avikele injini evuthayo yangaphakathi ekugqokeni. Kodwa-ke, lapho kuhlolwa, kubalulekile ukucabangela hhayi kuphela i-mileage, kodwa futhi nesimo senjini yomlilo yangaphakathi (kusobala ukuthi kuncike ezimweni zokusebenza zemoto, isitayela sokushayela umshayeli, njalonjalo) .
Hlobo luni lwamafutha okugcwalisa injini ye-diesel ebusika
Ezinjinini zikadizili, konke ukucabanga okungenhla nakho kuyasebenza. Okokuqala, udinga ukugxila ukubaluleka kwe-viscosity ephansi yokushisa kanye nezincomo zomenzi. Nokho, kungcono ukungasebenzisi uwoyela multigrade izinjini diesel.. Iqiniso liwukuthi izinjini ezinjalo zidinga ukuvikelwa okwengeziwe kusuka ku-lubricant, futhi lokhu "kuguga" ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukukhethwa kwe-viscosity nezinye izici (okungukuthi, izindinganiso nokubekezelelana kwe-automaker) kubaluleke kakhulu kubo.
Amafutha ezinjini zikadizili
Amafutha ezimoto ezinjini zikadizili abonakala ngezakhiwo eziqinile zokulwa ne-antioxidant kanye ne-lubricating. Izici nokubekezelelana kwamafutha e-turbodiesel nakho kuqinile ... Funda kabanzi
Ngakho-ke, ngokwezinga le-SAE lezinjini zikadizili, konke kufana ne-ICE kaphethiloli. Yilokho-ke amafutha asebusika kufanele akhethwe ngokuvumelana ne-viscosity, kulokhu izinga lokushisa eliphansi. Ngokuhambisana nezici zobuchwepheshe kanye nokubuyekezwa kwabanikazi bezimoto zezimoto ezine-diesel ICE, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zamafutha emoto ziyindlela enhle ebusika.
| Isihloko | Izici | Intengo ekuqaleni kuka-2018 | Incazelo |
|---|---|---|---|
| I-Motul 4100 Turbolight 10W-40 | I-ACEA A3/B4; I-API SL/CF. Ukubekezelelana - VW 505.00; MB 229.1 | 500 ruble ngelitha elilodwa | Amafutha e-Universal, afanele izimoto nama-jeep |
| I-Mobil Delvac 5W-40 | I-API CI-4 / CH-4 / CG-4 / CF-4 / CF / SL / SJ-ACEA E5 / E4 / E3. Izimvume - Caterpillar ECF-1; I-Cummins CES 20072/20071; I-DAF Eyengeziwe Yokukhiya; I-DDC (imijikelezo emi-4) 7SE270; I-DHD-1 yomhlaba wonke; I-JASO DH-1; I-Renault RXD. | Ama-ruble ayi-2000 ngamalitha ama-4 | Igrisi yomhlaba wonke engasetshenziswa ezimotweni zabagibeli (kufaka phakathi imithwalo ephezulu nesivinini) kanye nemishini ekhethekile |
| I-Mannol Diesel Extra 10w40 | I-API CH-4/SL;ACEA B3/A3;VW 505.00/502.00. | Ama-ruble angama-900 ngamalitha ayi-5 | Okwezimoto zabagibeli |
| I-ZIC X5000 10w40 | I-ACEA E7, A3/B4API CI-4/SL; I-MB-Approval 228.3MAN 3275Volvo VDS-3Cummins 20072, 20077MACK EO-M Plus | 250 ruble ngelitha elilodwa | Amafutha ajwayelekile angasetshenziswa kunoma iyiphi indlela |
| I-Castrol Magnatec 5W-40 | I-ACEA A3/B3, A3/B4 API SN/CF BMW Longlife-01 MB-Approval 229.3 Renault RN 0700 / RN 0710 VW 502 00 / 505 00 | 270 ruble ngelitha elilodwa | Uwoyela we-Universal wezimoto namaloli |
Isilinganiso samafutha ezinjini zikadizili ebusika
futhi udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi amafutha amaningi ezimoto atholakalayo ezentengiselwano atholakala emhlabeni wonke, okungukuthi, lawo angasetshenziswa kuwo womabili ama-ICE kaphethiloli kanye nodizili. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga, okokuqala, udinga ukunaka izici eziboniswe ku-canister, kuyilapho ukwazi ukubekezelela kanye nezidingo zomkhiqizi wemoto yakho.
isiphetho
Izici ezimbili eziyisisekelo okufanele uzikhethele lokhu noma lawa mafutha ezinjini zikaphethiloli noma zikadizili ebusika - izidingo zomkhiqizi wezimoto kanye ne-viscosity yokushisa ephansi. Futhi-ke, kufanele kucatshangelwe ngesisekelo sezimo zezulu zokuhlala, okungukuthi, ukuthi izinga lokushisa lehla kangakanani ebusika. Futhi-ke, ungakhohlwa mayelana nokubekezelelana. Uma amafutha akhethiwe ehlangabezana nawo wonke amapharamitha asohlwini, ungawathenga ngokuphepha. Ngokuqondene nomkhiqizi othize, akunakwenzeka ukunikeza izincomo ezithile. Njengamanje, iningi lemikhiqizo edumile emhlabeni ikhiqiza imikhiqizo ecishe ibe yikhwalithi efanayo futhi ehlangabezana nezindinganiso ezifanayo. Ngakho-ke, intengo nokumaketha kuya phambili. Uma ungafuni ukukhokha ngokweqile, khona-ke emakethe ungathola kalula umkhiqizo ohloniphekile lapho kuthengiswa uwoyela wekhwalithi eyamukelekayo.
