Imaphi amafutha angcono kunezokwenziwa noma i-semi-synthetic

Ukuthenga imoto yakho yokuqala kuhlale kuhambisana nenani lemibuzo - elula neyinkimbinkimbi. Iluphi uhlobo lwephethiloli okufanele lugcwaliswe, yikuphi ukucindezela okunconywayo ukugcina amathayi angaphambili nangemuva, ukuthi ushintsha kangaki uwoyela wenjini nesihlungi samafutha.

Lapho ushintsha noma udinga ukugcwalisa uwoyela wenjini, kuphakama umbuzo - iyiphi okufanele uyikhethe?
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi yenza imisebenzi efanayo enjini yangaphakathi yomlilo:

• ivikela ukushisa nokugqoka kwengxenye;
• ivikela ukugqwala;
• kunciphisa amandla okungqubuzana phakathi kwezingxenye ezithintanayo;
• isusa imikhiqizo yokushiswa kukaphethiloli nokuguga kwenjini;

Akhiwa kanjani amafutha ezimoto

Izimo zokusebenza zenjini yemoto azihlali zizinzile. Bese ishisa, bese iphola, ime futhi iqale futhi. Shintsha inani lama-revolutions, isivinini sokungqubuzana. Ukuba khona kwamafutha kuwo kuklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezingxenye kunoma yisiphi isimo sokusebenza. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izakhiwo ezingokwenyama namakhemikhali zamafutha enjini kufanele zizinzile futhi zingashintshi.

Uwoyela wokuqala wemoto watholakala ngaphambi kuka-1900, lapho amavalvu enjini ebambekile egcotshwa ngowoyela ongahluziwe. Ama-valve akhululwa, inkambo yawo yaba mahhala futhi yashelela. Kodwa-ke, uwoyela wamaminerali wemvelo une-drawback eyodwa ebalulekile - emazingeni okushisa aphansi nokusebenza isikhathi eside, uqala ukuqina. Ukuqala injini ezimweni ezinjalo kuba yinkinga, amandla okungqubuzana ayanda, izingxenye ziguga ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwavela umbuzo wokudala i-lubricant ekwazi ukugcina izakhiwo zayo ezimweni ezihlukahlukene.

Uwoyela wokuqala wokwenziwa owenziwe wasetshenziswa kwezokundiza. Khona-ke, ku--40 degrees ezindizeni, amafutha amaminerali ajwayelekile avele amaqhwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuchwepheshe buye bashintsha, izindleko zokukhiqiza zehla, futhi amafutha okwenziwa asetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezimoto.

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yimaphi amafutha angcono kune-synthetics noma i-semi-synthetics, cabangela izakhiwo zabo eziyinhloko.

Amafutha okwenziwa

Igama likawoyela we-synthetic motor liyazikhulumela. Idalwe ngokuzenzela elabhorethri ngenxa yokuhlangana kwamakhemikhali okuningi okuyinkimbinkimbi. Isisekelo esiyisisekelo samafutha okwenziwa uwoyela ongahluziwe, ocutshungulwa ezindaweni zokucwaninga ngokoqobo uze ufike kuma-molecule. Izithasiselo ezihlukahlukene zengezwa esisekelweni ukuvimbela ukujiya nokuvikela injini ekuguge. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yefomula elicwengekile, amafutha okwenziwa awaqukethe ukungcola okufakwe ngaphakathi kwenjini.

Cabanga ngezinzuzo zama-synthetics:

• Gqoka ukuvikela ngesikhathi sokungqubuzana. Ezinjinini ezinamandla amakhulu, izingxenye zihamba ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngesinye isikhathi, amafutha amaminerali aqala ukulahlekelwa izakhiwo zawo zokuzivikela. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kokwenziwa akushintshi;
• Ama-synthetics awaqini. Kulokhu ihluke kumafutha amaminerali, angamelani namazinga okushisa aphansi kanye nesikhathi eside sokungasebenzi; Ukuvikelwa kwenjini emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, injini yemoto ishisa kuze kufike ku-90 -100 degrees. Kwesinye isikhathi isimo siba nzima ngenxa yesimo sezulu esishisayo esifanayo. Amafutha okwenziwa awaboli futhi awahwamuki.;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwama-synthetics kuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwenjini. I-Synthetics inhle ngoba konke ukungcola kukhishwa ekubunjweni kwayo, ngakho-ke ngeke kube khona ama-sludge deposits ezindongeni nasezinxenyeni ze-motor - umkhiqizo wokubola okuyisibopho wamafutha amaminerali;
• Ukuvikelwa kwezakhi ze-turbocharger. Izimoto zesimanje zivame ukuhlonyiswa ngama-turbocharger. Lokhu kuholela ekuguqukeni okwengeziwe okwenziwe yi-shaft. Ngenxa yalokho, isivinini esikhulu sokungqubuzana kanye nezinga lokushisa, kusukela emiphumeleni evikela ama-synthetics.

nemibi:

• Intengo ephezulu;
• Sesha ubunkimbinkimbi. Ezimweni lapho umenzi ehlinzeka ngokusetshenziswa kwamafutha okwenziwa akhethekile ohlobo oluthile lwemoto.

Uwoyela semi-zokwenziwa

Kungabizwa ngokuthi i-semi-mineral, ngoba isisekelo singamafutha amaminerali. Amafutha okwenziwa afakwa kuwo ngesilinganiso esingu-60/40. Njengomthetho, ama-semi-synthetics athululelwa ezinjini ezine-mileage ephezulu uma kusetshenziswe kakhulu uwoyela. Izinguqulo zangaphambilini zama-motor nazo ziyanconywa ama-semi-synthetics.

Cabangela ezinye zezinzuzo ze-semi-synthetics:

• Izindleko eziphansi. Uma kuqhathaniswa namafutha okwenziwa, kubiza izikhathi ezimbalwa kancane futhi kulula ukuyithola uma kunesidingo.;
• Ukuvikelwa kwenjini okungcono uma kuqhathaniswa namafutha amaminerali;
• Ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile. Amafutha anjalo azogcina ngokuphelele izakhiwo zawo phakathi kwama-latitudes.

Ukungalungi - ukubola okungenzeka ngesikhathi sokusebenza emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kanye nezimo.

Ukuhambisana kwe-synthetics kanye ne-semi-synthetics

Kufanele kushiwo ngaso leso sikhathi ukuthi akukhuthazwa ukuxuba nokwengeza amafutha avela kubakhiqizi abahlukene. Bangase babe nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali okuhlukile kwezithasiselo, futhi akwaziwa ukuthi ukusabela phakathi kwabo kuzoba yini.

Ake sigqamise imithetho embalwa yokushintsha uwoyela noma ukuwaxuba:

• Lapho ushintsha kusuka ku-synthetic kuya ku-semi-synthetic futhi ngokuphambene nalokho, kanye nalapho ushintsha umenzi, kutuswa ukuba ushaye injini. Lokhu kuzosusa noma iyiphi insalela yamafutha amadala enjinini.;
• Kuvunyelwe ukuxuba amafutha okwenziwa kanye ne-semi-synthetic womkhiqizi ofanayo.

Imithetho yokukhetha uwoyela

1. Izincomo zomkhiqizi. Njengomthetho, umenzi unikeze ukuthi yimaphi amafutha okufanele agcwalise.;
2. Ukuqondiswa kulokho okugcwaliswe ngaphambili. Endabeni yokuthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe, kungcono ukubuza ukuthi hlobo luni lwamafutha umnikazi alugcwalisile;
3. Ukukhethwa kwamafutha kuye ngezimo ezizungezile. Uhlobo ngalunye lwamafutha luphinde luhlukaniswe ngokwezinga le-viscosity. Lapho ukhetha, ungaqhubeka kusuka kuzinga lokushisa elilindelekile le-ambient.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Yini engcono ukuthulula okwenziwe ngama-synthetics noma ama-semi-synthetics? Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-synthetics, ama-semi-synthetics aphansi ngezindlela eziningi. Kodwa uma umenzi wezimoto encoma ukusebenzisa i-semi-synthetics, kungcono ukuyigcwalisa.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-synthetic oil kanye ne-semi-synthetic oil? Ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana lapho izici zobuchwepheshe zoketshezi lokuthambisa zincike kukho. Ama-Synthetics asebenza kahle kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho anikeza injini ngokugcotshwa okuthembekile ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu.

Ngabe izinto zokwenziwa zingathululelwa enjinini endala? Uma i-motor ingakaze igezwe, khona-ke amadiphozithi azoqala ukugoqa futhi avale iziteshi, ukuvimbela ukugcotshwa nokupholisa injini yangaphakathi yomlilo. Ukuvuza kukawoyela okuqinile kungakheka futhi ngezinti ezigugile nezigxivizo.

Kungani i-synthetic ingcono? Ine-viscosity ezinzile (uketshezi oluningi kunamanzi amaminerali noma ama-semi-synthetics) phezu kwezinga lokushisa elibanzi. Ngomthwalo osindayo wemoto, ihlala izinzile, ayigugi ngokushesha.