Iyini ingcindezi ohlelweni lwamabhuleki emoto?
Okuqukethwe
Iyini ingcindezi kumabhuleki asebenza ngehydraulic ezimotweni zabagibeli?
Ekuqaleni, kunengqondo ukuqonda imiqondo efana nokucindezela ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic kanye nokucindezela okwenziwa ama-caliper noma ama-cylinder rods ngqo kuma-brake pads.
Ukucindezela ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic yemoto ngokwayo kuzo zonke izigaba zayo kucishe kufane futhi ekuphakameni kwayo ezimotweni zanamuhla cishe kungama-180 bar (uma ubala emkhathini, lokhu cishe ku-177 atm). Ezemidlalo noma ezimotweni ezikhokhiswa umphakathi, le ngcindezi ingafinyelela kumabha angama-200.
Yiqiniso, akunakwenzeka ukudala ngokuqondile ingcindezi enjalo kuphela ngomzamo wamandla emisipha yomuntu. Ngakho-ke, kunezici ezimbili eziqinisayo ohlelweni lokubhuleka lwemoto.
- I-Pedal lever. Ngenxa ye-lever, ehlinzekwa ukuklama komhlangano we-pedal, ingcindezi ku-pedal esetshenziswe ekuqaleni umshayeli ikhuphuka izikhathi ezingu-4-8, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwemoto.
- i-vacuum booster. Le nhlangano iphinde inyuse ingcindezi ku-brake master cylinder cishe izikhathi ezi-2. Nakuba imiklamo ehlukene yale yunithi inikeza umehluko omkhulu emandleni engeziwe ohlelweni.
Eqinisweni, ingcindezi yokusebenza ohlelweni lwamabhuleki ngesikhathi sokusebenza okujwayelekile kwemoto akuvamile ukudlula i-atmospheres eyi-100. Futhi kuphela ngesikhathi sokubhuleka okuphuthumayo, umuntu othuthuke kahle uyakwazi ukucindezela unyawo ku-pedal ukudala ingcindezi ohlelweni olungaphezu kwama-atmospheres ayi-100, kodwa lokhu kwenzeka kuphela ezimweni ezingavamile.
Ukucindezela kwe-caliper piston noma amasilinda asebenzayo kuma-pads ahlukile kungcindezi ye-hydraulic ohlelweni lwamabhuleki. Lapha isimiso sifana nesimiso sokusebenza komshini wokunyathelisa we-hydraulic manual, lapho isilinda esincane sepompo simpompa uketshezi sibe yi-cylinder yesigaba esikhulu kakhulu. Ukwenyuka kwamandla kubalwa njengesilinganiso samadiamitha wesilinda. Uma unaka i-brake caliper piston yemoto yomgibeli, izoba mkhulu ngokuphindwe kaningana ngobubanzi kunepiston ye-brake master cylinder. Ngakho-ke, ukucindezela kuma-pads ngokwawo kuzokhula ngenxa yomehluko wama-cylinder diameters.
Umfutho we-air brake
Umgomo wokusebenza kwesistimu ye-pneumatic uhluke kancane ohlelweni lwe-hydraulic. Okokuqala, ukucindezela kuma-pads kudalwe ukucindezela komoya, hhayi ukucindezela kwamanzi. Okwesibili, umshayeli akadali ukucindezela ngamandla emisipha yomlenze. Umoya osesamukelini uphonswa i-compressor, ethola amandla enjini. Futhi umshayeli, ngokucindezela i-pedal ye-brake, uvula kuphela i-valve, ehambisa umoya ogeleza emigwaqweni emikhulu.
I-valve yokusabalalisa ohlelweni lwe-pneumatic ilawula ukucindezela okuthunyelwa emakamelweni amabhuleki. Ngenxa yalokhu, amandla okucindezela ama-pads ezigubhu alawulwa.
Ukucindezela okukhulu emigqeni yesistimu ye-pneumatic ngokuvamile akudluli ama-atmospheres angu-10-12. Lena ingcindezi umamukeli aklanyelwe yona. Nokho, amandla okucindezela amaphedi ezigubhu aphakeme kakhulu. Ukuqiniswa kwenzeka kulwelwesi (kancane kancane - i-piston) emakamelweni omoya, okufaka ingcindezi kumapads.
Isistimu yamabhuleki womoya emotweni yomgibeli ayivamile. I-pneumatics isiqala ukubonakala ngobuningi ezimotweni zabagibeli nezimpahla noma amaloli amancane. Ngezinye izikhathi amabhuleki e-pneumatic aphindaphinda ama-hydraulic, okungukuthi, uhlelo luneziyingi ezimbili ezihlukene, ezihlanganisa umklamo, kodwa kwandisa ukuthembeka kwamabhuleki.
