Ungazivikela kanjani emisebeni emkhathini

I-Australian National University (ANU) yenze i-nanomaterial entsha engabonisa noma idlulisele ukukhanya lapho kudingeka futhi elawulwa izinga lokushisa. Ngokusho kwababhali balolu cwaningo, lokhu kuvula umnyango wobuchwepheshe obuvikela osomkhathi emkhathini emisebeni eyingozi.

Inhloko Yezocwaningo Mohsen Rahmani I-ANU ithe impahla yayizacile kangangokuba amakhulu ezingqimba angasetshenziswa esihlokweni senaliti, esingase sisetshenziswe kunoma iyiphi indawo, kuhlanganise namasudi omkhathi.

 UDkt. Rahmani utshele i-Science Daily.

 Kwengezwe uDkt. Xu ovela esikhungweni se-Nonlinear Physics e-ANU School of Physics and Engineering.

Isampula lama-nanomaterial kusuka ku-ANU ngaphansi kokuhlolwa

Umkhawulo wemisebenzi ngama-millisieverts

Lolu olunye uchungechunge oluphelele nolude lwemibono yokulwa nokuvikela emisebeni eyingozi ye-cosmic abantu abachayeka kuyo ngaphandle komkhathi woMhlaba.

Izinto eziphilayo zizizwa kabi emkhathini. Empeleni, i-NASA ichaza "imikhawulo yemisebenzi" yosomkhathi, ngokwenani eliphezulu lemisebe abangayithola. Lo mkhawulo 800 kuya ku-1200 millisievertskuye ngeminyaka, ubulili nezinye izici. Lo mthamo uhambisana nengozi enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza - 3%. I-NASA ayivumeli ingozi eyengeziwe.

Isilinganiso sokuhlala eMhlabeni sichayeka ku-approx. 6 millisieverts emisebe ngonyaka, okuwumphumela wokuchayeka okungokwemvelo okufana negesi ye-radon ne-granite countertops, kanye nokuchayeka okungekhona okwemvelo okufana nama-x-reyi.

Imisebenzi yasemkhathini, ikakhulukazi leyo engaphandle kwendawo kazibuthe Yomhlaba, ibhekene namazinga aphezulu emisebe, okuhlanganisa nemisebe evela eziphephweni zelanga ezingahleliwe ezingalimaza umongo nezitho zomzimba. Ngakho uma sifuna ukuhamba emkhathini, kudingeka sibhekane ngandlela thize neqiniso elibuhlungu lemisebe ye-cosmic eqinile.

Ukuchayeka emisebeni kwandisa ingozi yokuthi osomkhathi babe nezinhlobo ezimbalwa zomdlavuza, ukuguqulwa kofuzo, ukulimala kwesimiso sezinzwa ngisho nesifo samehlo. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule ohlelo lwasemkhathini, i-NASA iqoqe idatha yokuchayeka emisebeni yabo bonke osomkhathi bayo.

Okwamanje asinakho ukuvikeleka okuthuthukisiwe emisebeni ebulalayo ye-cosmic. Izixazululo eziphakanyisiwe ziyahlukahluka ekusetshenzisweni ubumba oluvela kuma-asteroids njengamakhava, ngemva izindlu ezingaphansi komhlaba kuma-mars, eyenziwe nge-Martian regolith, kodwa imiqondo iyaxaka noma kunjalo.

I-NASA iphenya uhlelo Ukuvikelwa kwemisebe yomuntu siqu kwezindiza zaphakathi kwamaplanethi (I-PERSEO). Ithatha ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi njengento yokuthuthukiswa, ephephile emisebeni. ama-overalls. I-prototype iyahlolwa ngaphakathi kwe-International Space Station (ISS). Ososayensi bayahlola, ngokwesibonelo, ukuthi ingabe usomkhathi angakwazi yini ukugqoka ingubo yasemkhathini egcwele amanzi abese ewathulula ngaphandle kokumosha amanzi, okuwumthombo obaluleke kakhulu emkhathini.

Inkampani yakwa-Israel iStemRad ingathanda ukuxazulula inkinga ngokunikela isihlangu semisebe. I-NASA kanye ne-Israel Space Agency basayine isivumelwano lapho kuzosetshenziswa ivesti yokuvikela imisebe ye-AstroRad ngesikhathi se-NASA EM-1 mission ezungeze iNyanga kanye nase-International Space Station ngo-2019.

Njengezinyoni zaseChernobyl

Ngenxa yokuthi kwaziwa ukuthi ukuphila kwavela eplanethini evikelwe kahle emisebeni ye-cosmic, izinto eziphilayo ezisemhlabeni azikwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwalesi sivikelo. Uhlobo ngalunye lokuthuthukiswa kokuzivikela okusha kwemvelo, kuhlanganise nemisebe, kudinga isikhathi eside. Nokho, kukhona okuhlukile.

Isihloko esithi "Ukumelana nomsakazo isikhathi eside!" kuwebhusayithi ye-Oncotarget

Isihloko se-Science News sango-2014 sichaze ukuthi izinto eziningi eziphilayo endaweni yaseChernobyl zonakaliswe kanjani ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu emisebe. Nokho, kwavela ukuthi kwezinye izinyoni akunjalo. Ezinye zazo ziye zakwazi ukumelana nemisebe, okuphumela ekwehleni kwamazinga okulimala kwe-DNA kanye nenani lama-radicals mahhala ayingozi.

Umqondo wokuthi izilwane azivumelani nje kuphela nemisebe, kodwa zingathuthukisa ngisho nokusabela okuhle kuyo, uyisihluthulelo sabaningi sokuqonda ukuthi abantu bangakwazi kanjani ukuzivumelanisa nendawo enezinga eliphezulu lemisebe, njengomkhumbi-mkhathi, iplanethi engaziwa, noma i-interstellar. isikhala..

NgoFebhuwari 2018, kwavela isihloko kumagazini we-Oncotarget ngaphansi kwesiqubulo esithi "Vive la radiorésistance!" ("I-radioimmunity ende bukhoma!"). Yayiphathelene nocwaningo emkhakheni we-radiobiology kanye ne-biogerontology okuhloswe ngayo ukukhulisa ukumelana kwabantu emisebeni ezimeni zekoloni emkhathini ojulile. Phakathi kwababhali balesi sihloko, inhloso yabo bekuwukuchaza "imephu yomgwaqo" ukuze kuzuzwe isimo sokungavikeleki komuntu ekukhishweni komsakazo, okuvumela izinhlobo zethu zokuhlola indawo ngaphandle kokwesaba, ochwepheshe be-NASA's Research Center.

 - kusho uJoao Pedro de Magalhães, umbhali-kanye wale ndatshana, omele i-American Research Foundation for Biogerontology.

Imibono ezungeza emphakathini wabasekeli "bokujwayela" komzimba womuntu endaweni yonke izwakala imnandi ngandlela thile. Esinye sazo, isibonelo, kuzoba ukushintshwa kwezakhi eziyinhloko zamaprotheni omzimba wethu, izakhi ze-hydrogen ne-carbon, nama-isotopes azo anzima kakhulu, i-deuterium ne-C-13 carbon. Kunezinye, izindlela ezijwayeleke kancane, njengemithi yokugoma ngokwelashwa ngemisebe, ukwelashwa ngofuzo, noma ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu ezisebenzayo ezingeni lamaselula.

Yiqiniso, kunomkhuba ohluke ngokuphelele. Uthi uma umkhathi unonya kangaka ngebhayoloji yethu, asihlale nje eMhlabeni sivumele kubhekwe imishini engasenabungozi kangako emisebeni.

Nokho, lolu hlobo lokucabanga lubonakala lungqubuzana kakhulu namaphupho abantu abadala ohambo lwasemkhathini.