Ungashintsha kanjani ukujoyina kwe-CV: ingaphakathi, ingaphandle kanye ne-anther
Okuqukethwe
Ukushayela kwamasondo angaphambili, futhi ngokuvamile amasondo angemuva ane-suspension azimele, aqhutshwa ngama-shafts ane-velocity joints (CV joints). Lawa amayunithi anokwethenjelwa, kodwa ngokusebenza ngonya, ukulimala kwama-anthers avikelayo, futhi ngemva nje kwempilo ende yesevisi, angadinga ukushintshwa.
Umsebenzi awunzima ngokwedlulele; ngekhono elithile nolwazi lwe-materiel, ungenziwa ngokuzimela.
Izinhlobo zokuhlanganisa ama-CV
Ngokwendawo eku-drive, amahinge ahlukaniswe abe ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Ukuhlukaniswa akuyona i-geometric kuphela, imvelo yokusebenza kwala majoyinti e-CV ihluke kakhulu, ngakho-ke enziwa ngendlela ehlelekile ngezindlela ezahlukene.
Uma engaphandle cishe njalo "ibhomu" lebhola eliyisithupha lobukhulu obuhlaba umxhwele, khona-ke ihinge yohlobo lwe-tripoid enezikhonkwane ezintathu ezinamabhodlela enaliti ivame ukusetshenziswa njengendawo yangaphakathi.
Isibonelo sokusebenza kwejoyinti ye-CV yangaphandle.
Isebenza kanjani i-internal CV joint.
Kodwa umehluko onjalo awunamthelela omncane endleleni yokushintsha, ingaphakathi lejoyinti le-CV ngeke lithinte umsebenzi. Ngaphandle kokuthi ukuba khona kwamabhola kuzodinga ukunemba okwengeziwe, kulula ukulahlekelwa ngokuphatha ngokunganaki.
Nini esikhundleni
Kukhona isethi yezimpawu ezijwayelekile ezivela lapho amahinge egqokwa noma ephukile, esetshenziswa kanyekanye ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa kanye nokunqunywa komhlangano othize ozoshintshwa:
- ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwangaphandle, umonakalo omkhulu osembozweni watholakala ngezibonakaliso zokuguga, esikhundleni sokugcoba, ingxube yokungcola okumanzi nokugqwala ibilokhu isebenza ngaphakathi kwe-hinge isikhathi eside, akukho phuzu ekulungiseni okunjalo. i-hinge, idinga ukushintshwa;
- ngokushintshana ngaphansi kwe-traction, i-crunch yesici noma izinsimbi ezikhalayo zizwakala, okuthi, ngemva kokuphakamisa imoto, zibekwe ngokucacile endaweni yokushayela;
- lapho imoto iginqika, umsindo uzwakala ngaphakathi kokushayela, futhi ekuphenduleni kwe-radius encane, i-hinge yangaphandle izibonakalisa;
- icala elidlulele - idrayivu inqunywe ngokuphelele, amabhola abhujiswa, imoto ayikwazi ngisho nokunyakaza, esikhundleni salokho, i-rattle izwakala ngaphansi.
Ukushintsha ihinge eyodwa kuyancomeka uma uqinisekile ukuthi zonke ezinye azisebenzanga isikhathi eside futhi zisesimweni esihle. Uma kungenjalo, kunengqondo ukulalela imiyalelo yomkhiqizi futhi esikhundleni somhlangano wedrayivu.
Iqiniso liwukuthi ngaphezu kwe-CV ehlangene kukhona ukuxhumana okubili okuhlukanisiwe ne-shaft, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bayasebenza futhi badlale. Idrayivu enjalo izochofoza noma ihlengezele ngisho nezingxenye ezintsha, futhi ezimeni ezithuthukile, ukudlidliza noma ukucekelwa phansi okuphelele kwezinsalela zoxhumo lwe-spline kungase kuvele. Lokhu kuzolimaza nezingxenye ezisanda kushintshwa.
izakhiwo
Ochwepheshe abasebenzisi noma iziphi izinto eziyisipesheli lapho beshintsha ukujoyina i-CV. Kodwa-ke, lapho kungabikho amakhono, idivayisi yokudonsa "ibhomu" kusuka ku-shaft ingasiza, okungenani ngokwengqondo. Zingaba ngemiklamo ehlukene, okuvamile i-clamp egxilwe ku-drive shaft kanye ne-screw puller edonsa i-hinge kuyo.
Kwesinye isikhathi i-shank ekhona yekheji yangaphandle enenadi elivamile lehabhu elifakwe kulo lisetshenziswa njengentambo yokusebenza yalo mdonsa. Idivayisi inokuzithemba okukhuthazayo njengoba ingalungile emsebenzini ongokoqobo.
Iphuzu eliyinhloko liwukuthi ibhomu libanjwe ku-shaft indandatho egcina intwasahlobo, ihlehliswe emseleni wengxenye ehlukanisiwe ngaphansi kwengcindezi evela kusiqeshana sangaphakathi. I-angle yokuhlasela kwe-chamfer yesiqeshana esiyingini incike kakhulu ekuguquguqukeni kwendandatho, ukuba khona kwamafutha nokugqwala, kanye nokucushwa kwe-chamfer.
Ngokuvamile kuvela ukuthi indandatho ayishoni, kodwa kunalokho i-jams, futhi amandla amakhulu, aphikisana kakhulu. Kulokhu, ukushaya okubukhali kusebenza ngokuphumelelayo kakhulu kunokucindezela okuphawulekayo okwenziwe intambo yomdonsa.
Futhi yonke inqubo yokufaka idivayisi endaweni elinganiselwe ithatha isikhathi esiningi. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kusebenza ngempela, endleleni ukuvimbela ukudluliswa kwemithwalo kuhinji eseduze.
Inqubo yokushintshanisa yangaphandle
Kulula kakhulu ukusebenza nge-drive (i-half shaft) lapho isuswa futhi igxiliwe ebhentshini lokusebenzela ku-vice. Kodwa awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi engadingekile ukudiliza nokukhipha uwoyela ku-gearbox ngokukhipha ibhomu langaphandle ngqo ngaphansi kwemoto, ukusebenza kusuka ngezansi noma ku-wing arch.
Ngaphandle kokususwa kwe-ekseli
Ubunzima bomsebenzi bulele eqinisweni lokuthi lapho ushaya phansi i-CV yangaphandle ehlangene, kubalulekile ukuthi ungadluliseli amandla angadingekile ngokusebenzisa i-shaft kuya kwangaphakathi. Ingazixazulula ngokwayo noma igxume iphume ebhokisini. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwenza ngokucophelela, okungcono kanye nomsizi:
- ama-bolts amasondo noma amantongomane akhululiwe, kanye ne-nut iqinisa isondo elithwala;
- umshini uphakanyiswa ohlangothini olufunayo nge-jack futhi ulungiswe endaweni ethembekile;
- isondo liyasuswa, i-hub nut is unscrew;
- ezinye izenzo zingahluka ngokuya ngemodeli yemoto, kepha esimweni esivame kakhulu sokumiswa kohlobo lwe-MacPherson, kuyadingeka ukunqamula i-knuckle yokuqondisa kusuka ekuhlanganyeleni kwebhola nge-lever noma izandiso, lapho iphinikhodi ehlangene yebhola ivuliwe noma umzimba awukhiqiziwe kusuka ku-lever;
- i-rack ihlehliswa eceleni, kuyilapho i-shank ye-CV yangaphandle ehlangene iphuma ekuxhumekeni kwe-spline yehabhu;
- ama-clamps kanye nesembozo kukhishwa ku-anther ye-grenade, amafutha amaningi asusiwe, okuphazamisa ukusebenza nesiqeshana sangaphakathi;
- umzuzu obaluleke kakhulu - ngenkathi ubambe i-shaft, sebenzisa ukushaya okubukhali ngesando esindayo ngokusebenzisa i-spacer kuze kube sekupheleni kwekheji elingaphakathi, uma kwenziwa kahle, ibhomu lizohamba eduze kwe-slots noma lihlukane nokushayela;
- ibhuthi, izinsimbi, amantongomane, umhlangano ohlanganyelwe we-CV kanye nendandatho yokukhiya yasentwasahlobo ingaphansi kokushintshwa, ngokuvamile konke lokhu kutholakala kukhithi yokulungisa kanye neshubhu lamafutha akhethekile, okujwayelekile okuyizinjongo eziningi akufanelekile lapha;
- okokuqala, i-anther entsha ifakwe ku-shaft;
- i-hinge entsha egcotshiwe ifakwa ku-shaft futhi ihamba ngokunyakaza okubukhali kuze kuchofoze indandatho ye-snap, ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukufaka ukushaya okukhanyayo ekupheleni kwe-shank, ukuyivikela ekuguquleni nge-nati endala;
- ukumiswa kuhlanganiswe ngokulandelana okuphambene, i-hub nut iqiniswa ngokuvumelana nemibhalo yokulungisa yomshini othile.
Kuyoba usizo ngesikhathi esifanayo ukushintsha ibhuthi yejoyinti le-CV yangaphakathi kuyilapho kukhishwa engaphandle. Insiza ye-node incike kakhulu esimweni sesembozo.
Ngokususa i-ekseli
Ukukhipha i-actuator kuyasiza ekusebenzeni kalula, ikakhulukazi ezimeni ezinzima zeringi ebambayo ebambayo. Imvamisa, lokhu kuzodinga ukukhipha uwoyela noma ingxenye yawo ku-gearbox, ukhumbule ukuyigcwalisa futhi, noma okungcono kakhulu, ukuhlanganisa inqubo nokushintshwa kwamafutha.
Idrayivu esebhokisini ibanjwe i-o-ring yokukhiya efanayo, ecindezelwa ngemva kokushaya okubukhali emjahweni wangaphandle wehinji ngesikhala.
Kwesinye isikhathi kungenzeka ukucisha idrayivu nge-mount. Ukususwa kwama-hinges ku-shaft kwenziwa ngendlela efana nenqubo echazwe kakade.
Ungazami ukudonsa i-axle shaft nge-shaft. Lokhu kuzophela ngokuzihlakaza kwehinge yangaphakathi, i-thrust ring etholakala lapho ngeke imelane.
Ukushintsha inhlanganisela ye-CV yangaphakathi
Ukusebenza kufana ngokuphelele nokususwa kwe-hinge yangaphandle, kodwa lapha akunakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kokukhipha i-axle shaft. Kukhona imiklamo lapho idrayivu iboshelwe ebhokisini lebhokisi, isibonelo, njengaku-Audi A6 C5. Kulokhu, uwoyela awudingi ukukhanywa.
Ngokungafani nengaphandle, i-tripoid yangaphakathi ehlangene ye-CV ihlakazeka kalula, okunikeza ukufinyelela kwendandatho egcinayo. Kodwa isacindezela ngendlela efanayo, ngamagalelo abukhali kusiqeshana sangaphakathi nedrayivu elungiswe ku-vice.
Kukhona umehluko ekufakweni kwe-anther - i-hinge yangaphakathi ivumela ukunyakaza kwe-longitudinal, ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukulungisa ikhava yayo, kucatshangelwa ibanga elinconywa yifektri kusukela ekupheleni kwe-shaft. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kusebenze kahle i-anther lapho uhambisa ihinge phakathi kwezindawo ezidlulele ngobude.
