Ungashintsha kanjani uwoyela ku-manual transmission kuMercedes

I-Mercedes-Benz ingenye yezinhlobo zezimoto ezidume kakhulu nezidumile. Inkampani ekhiqiza lezi zimoto yasungulwa eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Phakathi nokuba khona kwenkampani ngaphansi kwegama elithi Mercedes, kwakhiqizwa inani elikhulu lezimoto. Futhi kunamamodeli amaningi ane-manual transmission.

Kodwa kuyaphawuleka ukuthi phakathi Mercedes izimoto ifakwe ukudluliswa manual, kukhona zonke izinhlobo zezimoto, amaloli, amabhasi kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezimoto. Yebo, futhi izimiso zokushintsha uwoyela wenjini ku-gearbox zihlukile. Ngakho-ke, i-athikili izoba yemvelo yokubuyekezwa.

Imvamisa yokushintsha uwoyela ekudluliseni ngesandla kwemoto yakwaMercedes

Isikhathi sokushintsha uwoyela sincike kumodeli yemoto ethile. Kodwa kunezici ezimbalwa ezithinta isikhathi sokushintsha uwoyela. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi izinsuku zinikezwa umshini osetshenziswa njalo, ngaphandle kokulimala ku-gearbox kanye nohlobo olufanele lwe-lubricant egcwele. Ngakho-ke, izici ezilandelayo zithonya isikhathi sokushintsha uwoyela:

• Uhlobo lweyunithi. Ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo amane, okokugcoba kufanele kushintshwe kaningi ngenxa yomthwalo owandayo ekuhanjisweni kwemoto. Izimoto ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili azikude kakhulu. Kudingeka izinguquko ezincane zikawoyela ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo angemuva.
• Ukuqina kokuxhashazwa. Amafutha ahlala isikhathi eside ezimotweni ezishayelwa emigwaqweni eshelelayo (imigwaqo emikhulu) ngaphandle kokushintsha kwejubane kungazelelwe. Kodwa isiminyaminya sezimoto isikhathi eside nokushayela ungekho emgwaqeni kufinyeza impilo kawoyela wenjini.
• Uhlobo lwamafutha:
  • uwoyela wegiya lamaminerali ushibhile kodwa awumelani nokungcoliswa. Kufanele ishintshwe njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-35-40.
  • uwoyela we-semi-synthetic gear uhlala isikhathi eside ngenxa yekhono lawo lokunciphisa izinga lokuguga lezingxenye zokudlulisela kanye nokumelana nokungcola. Kufanele ishintshwe, ngokwesilinganiso, njalo ngamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-45-50.
  • Amafutha okwenziwa wuhlobo olusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu lokuthambisa. Kwanele amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-65-70. Into esemqoka ukungaphambanisi ama-synthetics wokudlulisa ngesandla kanye nokudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo ngesikhathi sokugcwalisa.
• Uhlobo lomshini. Isibonelo, amanye amamodeli wamaloli anemithetho yawo yokushintsha izinto zokugcoba. Lapha kunconywa ukuhlola ulwazi encwadini yesevisi yemoto. Akulimazi ukubonisana nochwepheshe esiteshini sesevisi.

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kangaki ukushintsha uwoyela ku-transmission manual ku-Mercedes kuncike izimo zokusebenza, imodeli imoto kanye nohlobo uketshezi esetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, uma usola ukuthuthukiswa kwensiza yokuhambisa i-lubricant, kufanelekile ukuhlola ikhwalithi yayo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngokusetshenziswa okujulile nokushayela ngaphandle komgwaqo, impilo ewusizo yamafutha iyancipha ngo-30-50%, kuye ngokuthi imodeli (inhloso yayo yezimo ezinjalo).

Amafutha asetshenzisiwe ahluke kakhulu kuketshezi olusha. Futhi unezinombolo eziningi zezimpawu ezibonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwensiza:

• Amafutha ashintsha umbala, abe mnyama, abukeke njengenhlaka.
• Ukuvumelana kwezinguquko ze-liquid: kuba yi-viscous futhi i-inhomogeneous. Kutholwe izigaxa okungaziwa ukuthi zivelaphi, kunuka ukusha. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlole ngokucophelela isimo samafutha: ezimweni ezithile (ikakhulukazi ngebhokisi lebhokisi elisetshenzisiwe), ama-chips ensimbi avela emafutheni, okwenzeka ngenxa yokugqoka kwezingxenye. Futhi le chip kulula ukuyinwaya.
• Amafutha ayaxebuka. Izingxenyana ezilula, ezengeziwe eziwuketshezi zisala phezu kwe-crankcase yokuhambisa ngesandla. Futhi ngaphansi kwawo, kusetshenziswa izithasiselo, ezixutshwe nodaka nensile, into ewugqinsi, encane ebukeka njengenhlabathi yomfula. Kudingekile ukuhlola ubukhona bayo usebenzisa i-dipstick, evame ukulungiswa emgodini okhethekile wokulawula izinga kanye nekhwalithi yamafutha. Uma i-dipstick ingafakiwe ku-kit, udinga ukuzenza ngokwakho (noma iyiphi induku yensimbi encane ezokwenza) futhi uhlole izinga ngentamo yembobo yokukhipha.
• Imoto ihamba ngokuzikhandla, ayikhuphuki isivinini esidingekayo, ime kaningi, kuzwakale ukungqongqoza ku-gearbox. Lokhu kwandisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.

Isimo se-lubricating fluid sinqunywa ngokubukeka, ngombala, ukungaguquguquki, iphunga. Kufanele iqhathaniswe noketshezi olusha lomkhiqizo ofanayo. Uma umehluko ubonakala ngeso lenyama, khona-ke uthole ukushintshwa. Ivolumu edingekayo ukuze kushintshwe ifakwe ebhukwini lesevisi yemoto. Uma lungekho ulwazi oludingekayo, engeza uketshezi kuze kugcwaliswe ngokuphelele: shayela ngomngcele ophansi wentamo yokugcwalisa.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma uwoyela evuza? Yiziphi izinhlobo zokuqhekeka?

Maqondana nokuqhekeka komshini oshintshwayo kwaMercedes, singasho lokhu okulandelayo: Ngeshwa, ukuphuka okuningi okuhambisana no-gearbox kungalungiswa kuphela ngochwepheshe. Umnikazi angenza kuphela inqubo elula yokushintsha i-gasket kanye nokuxilongwa. Inqubo ibukeka kanje:

• Ingaphambili lemoto liphakanyiswe ngojeke noma i-lift ekhethekile. Akukhuthazwa ngokuqinile ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuzenzela ukugwema ukulimala nokulimala emotweni. Qinisekisa ukuthi futhi uvikela u-gearbox ukuze ungawi.
• Amasistimu okulawula, i-wheel drive, i-cardan shaft (ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo angemuva) anqanyuliwe ku-gearbox. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukususa amasondo ukuze uthole ukufinyelela okungcono ekudluliseni. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukudluliswa akuxhunyiwe ku-transmission manual.
• I-lubricant efakwe ku-gearbox iyacinywa.
• Amabhawodi avikela ukudluliselwa kwesandla emshinini wamandla wemoto awakhihliwe. Ama-suspension mounts ahambisana no-gearbox ayakhishwa.
• I-transmission manual iyasuswa emotweni futhi ihlakazwe ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kulungiswe okungenzeka.

Ngeshwa, abashayeli abaningi abanawo amakhono namathuluzi adingekayo ukuze benze inqubo echaziwe. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka kunzima, kunconywa ukuthi uxhumane nesiteshi sesevisi. Kodwa-ke, kufanelekile ukuchaza ukuthi unganquma kanjani ukuvuza kukawoyela ku-Mercedes manual transmission. Lokhu kufakazelwa yizici ezilandelayo:

• Imoto Kunzima Ukuhamba: Imoto iyaqala kodwa izitebele lapho isuka kokungathathi hlangothi. Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuyanda, kodwa isivinini siyehla, injini isebenza kanzima.
• Amaconsi kawoyela avela kwi-crankcase ye-manual transmission. Futhi kufanele unake imvamisa yamaqembu. Uma amachashaza kagrisi amasha etholakala ngemva kohambo ngalunye, khona-ke ukuvuza kubi kakhulu.
• Izinga loketshezi lokudlulisela liphansi. Ihlolwe ngenduku. Futhi kufanelekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uwoyela wehla.
• Amagiya ashintshela ku-"neutral" ngokuzenzakalelayo, noma akwenzeki ukushintshwa ngesivinini esithile. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi amagiya anzima ukushintsha, kufanele ucindezele i-lever ukuze usuke ekungathathi hlangothi uye esivinini esithile.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izimbangela zokungasebenzi kahle kokudluliswa kwezandla. Kuyafaneleka ukucatshangelwa: akuyona njalo i-amateur enganquma imbangela yangempela yokuwohloka. Kodwa kusanconywa ukuba uzazi:

• Ukwehla kwenani lezingxenye ezisele. Amagiya ayaphela, igebe phakathi kwezingxenye liyakhula, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni okusheshayo kwensiza yakho kokubili i-gearbox namafutha agcwalisiwe.
• Ukusebenzisa i-lubricant yegiya engalungile (noma i-lubricant yekhwalithi engeyinhle). Okubalulekile ukuqaphela: ukugcwalisa uwoyela ongalungile kuwubunzima, ngakho khetha umkhiqizo wakho ngokuhlakanipha.
• Isimo sengqondo sokunganaki enkonzweni eyisibopho. Uma ungenzi ukunakekelwa kwemoto ngesikhathi (kuhlanganise nokushintsha uwoyela), ukulungiswa akunakugwenywa. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ochwepheshe batusa lapho uthenga imoto esetshenzisiwe ukwenza ukuvimbela. I-Mercedes inokwethenjelwa, kodwa ngaphandle kokunakekelwa okufanele, noma iyiphi imoto iyaphuka.
• Isitayela sokushayela esingalungile. Ukushintsha kwegiya elibukhali, ukushintsha njalo kwemodi yokushayela, ukunyakaza ngokunganaki - konke lokhu kuholela ekugugeni okushesha kwezingxenye zemoto, kufaka phakathi uhlobo lweMercedes. Lokhu kumele kukhunjulwe ngabathanda ukushayela imoto nokumpintsha yonke into emotweni ekwaziyo ukuyenza.
• Ukushintsha izingxenye eziyisipele ngozakwethu abashibhile, kodwa bekhwalithi ephansi. Inkinga evame ukubhekana nabanikazi bezimoto esezike zasetshenziswa. Ngeshwa, ungathola kuphela ulwazi mayelana nokushintshwa okunjalo ngosizo lochwepheshe.

Ngaphansi kwe-hood ye-Mercedes:

Ungawashintsha kanjani kahle uwoyela ekudlulisweni kwesandla?

Ukushintsha i-lubricant ku-gearbox ye-manual kuhlale kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nesimiso esifanayo. Kodwa ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo kwenqubo akuxhomekile kuphela olwazini lwenqubo ngokwayo, kodwa futhi ekukhethweni koketshezi olufanele. Futhi ukukhetha uwoyela weMercedes akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kumele kuqashelwe lapha ukuthi amamodeli ahlukene asebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zoketshezi lokugcoba. Ukumaka, uhlobo (“ama-synthetics”, “semi-synthetics” namafutha amaminerali) kanye nevolumu edingekayo ukuze kugcwaliswe kuyehluka. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uwoyela wegiya kuphela uthululelwa ku-gearbox, i-motor lubricant ayifanelekile lapha.

Ukulungiselela ukushintsha uwoyela ku-Mercedes manual transmission kuqala ngokuthengwa kwe-lubricant yasekuqaleni noma okufana nayo. Kunconywa ukuthi uhlole isitikha ku-gearbox (uma sikhona) futhi uthole uhlobo lwe-lubricant esetshenziselwa ukugcwalisa le modeli yemoto. Ulwazi olufanayo lungatholakala encwadini yesevisi. Ibonisa uhlobo lwamafutha, ukubekezelelana kwayo kanye nenani leminye imingcele. Uma ilebula ene-manual transmission idatshuliwe, futhi imininingwane edingekayo ingekho encwadini yesevisi, udinga ukuxhumana nochwepheshe (ikakhulukazi, abameleli abasemthethweni noma abathengisi beMercedes.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuthenga uketshezi lokuhlanza lokudonsa u-gearbox. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanelekile ukukhumbula: akunconyelwe ngokwehlukana ukugeza ukuhanjiswa okwenziwa ngesandla ngamanzi! Kulokhu, amathuluzi akhethekile asetshenziselwa ukususa ukungcola nokubola kwemikhiqizo ku-lubricant. Kodwa ezimweni eziningi, kwanele ukuthatha uwoyela wegiya ojwayelekile, okuvumela ukuthi uhlanze uhlelo ngezinsuku ezingama-2-3.

Okokugcina, kufanele ulungise amathuluzi adingekayo futhi unakekele izinyathelo zokuphepha. Kumathuluzi, uzodinga nakanjani ukhiye wokuvula ama-drain and filler plugs, isitsha sokususa amafutha asetshenzisiwe kanye ne-dipstick ukuze uhlole izinga kanye nekhwalithi ye-lubricant. Kulokhu, umshini kufanele ufakwe endaweni eyisicaba, ubambe ibhuleki yokupaka bese uqala. Kudingeka futhi ukulinda isitshalo samandla ukuze sipholile - amafutha kufanele afudumale, kodwa akukho kushisa.

Isiteji sokuqala

Inqubo yokushintsha uwoyela ku-Mercedes manual transmission iqala ngokukhishwa koketshezi olusetshenzisiwe. Uketshezi kufanele lukhishwe lapho isikhungo sikagesi sifudumele kancane. Izinga lokushisa le-ambient lidlala indima lapha. Esimweni sezulu esishisayo, ukufudumala okuncane kwenjini kwanele, futhi uwoyela uzoba uketshezi futhi uketshezi. Uma kwenzeka kuba nesithwathwa esinamandla, kuzodingeka ukufudumala injini kahle ukuze kuzuzwe ukuvumelana okufunayo kwe-lubricant. Uma kungenjalo, kuyoba nzima kakhulu ukukhipha amafutha, okuye kwaqina kusimo esine-resinous.

Inqubo ye-drainage ngokwayo imi kanje:

• Ngaphansi komgodi wokudonsa, isitsha esilungiselelwe kusengaphambili sifakwe esingakwazi ukufaka umthamo ogcwele wamafutha asetshenzisiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuhle ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi isitsha asivuzi, ukuze ungadingi ukuhlanza "ukuzivocavoca" okuchithekile.
• Okokuqala, ipulaki ye-drain ivuliwe, futhi lapho uketshezi luqala ukuthululwa, luyathululwa. Ukuqaqa, izisekelo, izikhiye ezivulekile noma zangaphakathi ze-hex zivame ukusetshenziswa. Kwezinye izimo, amapulaki angakhululwa ngesandla.
• Ngemva kokuphuma kwamafutha, ipulaki yokukhipha amanzi iyacishwa.

Isigaba sesibili

Isigaba sesibili ukuwashwa kuka-gearbox. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula lapha ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezintathu zoketshezi ezisetshenziswa ngokukhethekile ukususa amafutha asetshenzisiwe kanye nokungcola. Kodwa ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo lusetshenziselwa ukuhlanza injini. Futhi amakhompawundi ambalwa alungele ukuguquguquka kokubili injini nokudluliswa. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukukhetha ithuluzi elifanele ngokuhlakanipha.

Sekukonke, kunezindlela ezine eziyinhloko zokuhlanza ukuhanjiswa okwenziwa ngesandla kusuka ekungcoleni nasezinsalela zikawoyela osetshenzisiwe:

• Ukusebenzisa amafutha ahlanzekile ajwayelekile, athululwe izinsuku ezingu-2-3. Inqubo yenziwa kanje:
  • u-gearbox ugcwele amafutha ajwayelekile. Abashayeli batusa ukusebenzisa amafutha ashibhile afanele lolu hlobo lwesitshalo samandla. Uma kunokwenzeka, kunconywa ukugcwalisa ama-synthetics, kodwa uma kunesidingo, i-mineral grease isetshenziswa futhi;
  • izinsuku ezingu-2-3 udinga njalo ukushayela imoto. Okubalulekile: I-Mercedes akufanele ingenzi lutho egaraji noma endaweni yokupaka. Uma kungenjalo, ukuwashwa ngeke kwenziwe;
  • emva kwesikhathi esidingekayo, amafutha ayagezwa futhi amasha athululwe, kuze kube yilapho kushintshwa okuhleliwe okulandelayo.
• Ngamafutha okugeza. Umgomo ufana nendlela echazwe ngenhla, kodwa ukupakishwa kwamafutha ashaywayo ngokuvamile kubonisa kokubili isimiso sokusetshenziswa nalapho kuvunyelwe khona ukuwasebenzisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-flushing oil ayikwazi ukuqhutshwa, ifaneleka kuphela ukususa ukungcola kanye namafutha asetshenzisiwe.
• Ngokuhlanza okusheshayo. Abanye abashayeli babiza lezi zitimela ngokuthi "imizuzu emihlanu" - imizuzu engu-5 yokusebenza kwemishini yamandla yanele ukugeza. I-ejenti ithululelwa ekuhanjisweni kwe-manual, intamo yokugcwalisa ivaliwe, injini igijima imizuzu engu-5-10. Uhambo lwekilasi lokuqala ngokuvamile lwanele.
• Ngomshini wokuhlanza omnene. Leli igama elijwayelekile lemikhiqizo okuhloswe ukuthi yengezwe ngqo emafutheni. Yini okufanele uyibheke lapho ukhetha isicoci:
  • Kudingekile ukukhetha ukwakheka okuhloswe ukuthululwa kumafutha egiya; imikhiqizo esetshenziselwa ukugcoba izinjini ngokuvamile ayifaneleki lapha (ngaphandle kokuhlukile okushiwo ngokuqondile umkhiqizi).
  • Ukwakheka kukhethwa ngokuya ngesigaba samafutha asetshenzisiwe, ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-API GL-1, i-API GL-2, njll. Uma kungenjalo, izinkinga ziphakama ngenxa yokungahambelani kwezithasiselo ku-lubricant naku-cleaner.
  • Isicoci esithambile sithelwa kugrisi omusha kuphela. Uma kuthelwa emafutheni asetshenzisiwe, ngeke kube nomphumela. Futhi esimweni esithile, isenzo esinjalo sizosheshisa ukugqokwa kwe-gearbox.

Ngemuva kokuthi ukuhanjiswa okwenziwa ngesandla kuhlanzwe ngokuphelele, ungaqala ukugcwalisa amafutha amasha.

Isigaba sesithathu

Isigaba sokugcina nesesithathu ukugcwaliswa kwamafutha egiya amasha namasha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukuthenga amafutha esitolo esikhethekile noma (okungcono) kumthengisi ogunyaziwe wakwaMercedes Benz. Ukuthenga emakethe kuhlotshaniswa nezingozi ezithile. Ikakhulukazi, ungakhohlwa: ngezinye izikhathi uhlangana nomthengisi "ongeyena othembeke kakhulu" onganikeza amafutha okuthambisa okungalungile, ukusetshenziswa kwawo okuzoholela ekuqhekekeni nasekugugeni okusheshayo kokudluliselwa kwesandla.

Kuyadingeka ukugcwalisa i-lubricant ngepulaki yokudonsa evalwe kahle, ungene ku-gearbox opholile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuhle ukuthi ungagcwalisi amafutha emikhiqizo eminingana ehlukene, ngisho nemikhiqizo yesigaba esifanayo ayihlanganisi kahle ngaso sonke isikhathi (uma izingoma zivela kubakhiqizi abahlukene). Le moto ngeke ikwazi ngisho unyaka ukuzungeza ngoba kuzomele ilungiswe. Ukuze ungagcwalisi yonke into ngamafutha, kunconywa ukuthi uyisuse ngesirinji bese uyigcwalisa ngokuhambisa ngesandla.

Inani lamafutha azogcwaliswa lincike kuhlobo lomshini kanye nohlobo lwesitshalo samandla. Ezimweni eziningi, inani elidingekayo le-lubricant liboniswa encwadini yesevisi yemoto noma ku-sticker enamathiselwe ku-gearbox house. Uma ulwazi oludingekayo lungatholakali, khona-ke ukudluliswa kwebhukwana kufanele kugcwaliswe emngceleni ophansi womgodi wokugcwalisa. Manje kusele kuphela ukuqinisa ukhokho futhi inqubo yokugcwalisa isiqediwe.