Ibukeka kanjani i-insulation yezintambo ze-asbestos?
Okuqukethwe
I-athikili yami engezansi izokhuluma ngokuthi i-asbestos wire insulated ibukeka kanjani futhi inikeze amathiphu awusizo.
Ukufakwa kwezintambo ze-Asbestos kwakuyinketho edumile yokufaka izintambo zikagesi ngeminyaka yawo-20.th Ikhulunyaka, kodwa ukukhiqiza kuyekwa ngenxa yokukhathazeka okuningi kwezempilo nokuphepha.
Ngeshwa, ukuhlola okubukwayo kukodwa akwanele ukuhlonza ukufakwa kwezintambo ze-asbestos. Imicu ye-asbestos mincane kakhulu и bakhona hhayi kuyinton iphunga. Udinga ukwazi ukuthi hlobo luni locingo, ukuthi lufakwe nini futhi lusetshenziswe kuphi yenza ukuqagela okufundisiwe mayelana namathuba okuthi okokufaka kuqukethe i-asbestos. Ukuhlolwa kwe-asbestos kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ikhona noma cha.
Ngizokukhombisa ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke, kodwa okokuqala ngizokunikeza isizinda esifushane sokuthi kungani ukunquma ukuhlukaniswa kwezintambo ze-asbestos kubaluleke kangaka.
Ulwazi olungemuva olufushane
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-asbestos
I-asbestos yayisetshenziswa kakhulu ukufaka izintambo zikagesi eNyakatho Melika kusukela cishe ngo-1920 kuya ku-1988. Isetshenziselwe izakhiwo zayo ezizuzisayo zokumelana nokushisa nomlilo, ukufakwa kukagesi kanye ne-acoustic, ukuqina okuphelele, amandla aphezulu okudonsa, nokumelana ne-asidi. Uma isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukufakwa kwezintambo zikagesi ezijwayelekile, ifomu lensimbi ephansi belivamile kwezinye izindawo zokuhlala. Ngaphandle kwalokho, yayisetshenziswa kakhulu ezindaweni ezingaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu.
Ukukhathazeka mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwe-asbestos kwaqala ngokusemthethweni kuMthetho Wokulawulwa Kwezinto Eziwubuthi ka-1976 kanye noMthetho Wezimpendulo Eziphuthumayo ze-Asbestos we-1987. Nakuba i-US Environmental Protection Agency yazama ukuvimba iningi lemikhiqizo ye-asbestos ngo-1989, ukumba i-asbestos e-US kwaphela ngo-2002 futhi kusangeniswa ezweni.
Izingozi zokufakwa kwe-asbestos
Ukufakwa kwezintambo ze-asbestos kuyingozi empilweni, ikakhulukazi uma intambo igugile noma ilimele, noma uma isendaweni ematasa yekhaya. Ukuchayeka okungapheli ezinhlayiyeni zefayibha ye-asbestos emoyeni kunganqwabelana esicutshini samaphaphu futhi kubangele izifo ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa umdlavuza wamaphaphu, i-asbestosis kanye ne-mesothelioma. Ngokuvamile izimpawu azibonakali kuze kube iminyaka eminingi kamuva.
I-Asbestos manje isiyaziwa njenge-carcinogen, ngakho abasebenza ngogesi abasayisebenzisi futhi bafuna ukuyisusa noma ukuyibuyisela esikhundleni. Uma uthuthela endlini endala, kufanele uhlole ukuthi i-asbestos ifakwe ngocingo yini.
Indlela yokubona izintambo ezifakwe i-asbestos
Ukusiza ukukhomba izintambo ezifakwe i-asbestos, zibuze imibuzo emine:
- Sinjani isimo socingo?
- Luyini lolu cingo?
- Kwenziwa nini izintambo?
- Ikuphi izintambo?
Sinjani isimo socingo?
Uma ucingo, njengoba usola, lungaba nokufakwa kwe-asbestos esimweni esilimele, kufanele usalushintsha. Kufanele ikhishwe noma ingasetshenziswa, kodwa isendlini ehlala abantu. Bheka izimpawu zokusikeka, isimo sezulu, ukuqhekeka, njll. Uma isilonda sibhidlika noma sihlukana kalula, kungaba yingozi ukuthi iqukethe i-asbestos noma cha.
Hlobo luni locingo lolu?
Uhlobo lwezintambo luyakwazi ukubona ukuthi i-insulation iqukethe i-asbestos. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zocingo ezinokufakwa kwe-asbestos (bheka ithebula).
| isigaba | Thayipha | Incazelo (Intambo ene...) |
| I-Asbestos Insulated Wire (Ikilasi 460-12) | A | ukufakwa kwe-asbestos |
| AA | i-asbestos insulation kanye ne-asbestos braid | |
| AI | ukufakwa kwe-asbestos okufakiwe | |
| AIA | Ukufakwa kwe-asbestos okufakwe ngaphakathi kanye ne-asbestos braid | |
| Indwangu asbolaked wire (class 460-13) | I-AVA | Ukufakwa kwe-asbestos okufakwe ngendwangu evanisha kanye nomluko we-asbestos |
| I-AVB | Ukufakwa kwe-asbestos okufakwe ngendwangu evanisha kanye nomluko kakotini ongashi | |
| AVL | ukufakwa kwe-asbestos okufakwe ngendwangu evarnished kanye nokwembozwa komthofu | |
| Okunye | AF | intambo ye-asbestos ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa |
| AVC | Ukufakwa kwe-asbestos okuxhunywe ngekhebula le-armored |
Uhlobo lwe-insulation yezintambo olukhathaza kakhulu olubizwa nge-vermiculite, oluthengiswa ngaphansi kwegama lomkhiqizo i-Zonolite. I-Vermiculite iyinhlanganisela yamaminerali eyenzeka ngokwemvelo, kodwa umthombo oyinhloko lapho itholakale khona (imayini e-Montana) yenza ukuthi ingcoliswe. Ibukeka njenge-mica futhi iqukethe izikali ezisiliva.
Uma uthola lolu hlobo lokufakwa kwezintambo endlini yakho, kufanele ushayele uchwepheshe ukuze aluhlole. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-wire insulation eziqukethe i-asbestos zihlanganisa i-Gold Bond, i-Hi-Temp, i-Hy-Temp, ne-Super 66.
Olunye uhlobo lokufakelwa kwezintambo ze-asbestos kwakuyisikhunta esifutha esakha amafu emicu enobuthi emoyeni. Kungaba okuphephile uma kuqhathaniswa uma ukuvaleka kuvalwe kahle ngemva kokufafaza. Imithetho ekhona kakade ngokuvamile ayivumeli i-asbestos engaphezu kuka-1% ukuthi isetshenziswe ekufakeni isifutho kanye nebitumen noma izibophezelo ze-resin.
Kwenziwa nini izintambo?
Izintambo ezisendlini yakho cishe zafakwa ngesikhathi indlu yakhiwa okokuqala. Ngokungeziwe ekutholeni lokhu, udinga ukwazi ukuthi izintambo ze-asbestos zaqala nini ukusetshenziswa endaweni yangakini noma ezweni lakho nokuthi ziyekwa nini. Kunini lapho umthetho wakho wendawo noma kazwelonke wenqabela ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo ze-asbestos?
Njengomthetho, e-USA lokhu kusho isikhathi esiphakathi kuka-1920 no-1988. Izindlu ezakhiwe ngemva kwalo nyaka zisengaqukatha i-asbestos, kodwa uma ikhaya lakho lakhiwa ngaphambi kuka-1990, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwawo-1930 no-1950, maningi amathuba okuthi ukufakwa kwezintambo kube i-asbestos. E-Europe, unyaka wokunqanyulwa wawucishe ube ngu-2000, futhi emhlabeni jikelele, i-asbestos wire insulation isasetshenziswa naphezu kokuthi i-WHO ibiza ukuthi kuvalwe kusukela ngo-2005.
Ikuphi izintambo?
Izakhiwo ezikwazi ukumelana nokushisa zezintambo ezifakwe i-asbestos ziyenza ilungele amagumbi angaphansi kokushisa okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, amathuba okufaka izintambo nge-asbestos aphezulu uma into esetshenziswayo, isibonelo, insimbi endala, i-toaster, i-stove igniter noma into yokukhanyisa, noma uma i-wiring iseduze nomshini wokushisa njenge-heater kagesi noma i-boiler.
Kodwa-ke, i-"loose-fill" uhlobo lwe-asbestos wire insulation yasetshenziswa kabanzi kwezinye izindawo ezifana ne-attics, izindonga zangaphakathi, nezinye izikhala ezingenalutho. Yayine-fluffy texture. Uma usola ukuthi izintambo ze-asbestos zifakwa ekamelweni lakho, kufanele uqhelelane nazo, ungagcini izinto lapho, futhi shayela uchwepheshe ukuze asuse i-asbestos.
Uhlobo olubonakala kalula kakhudlwana lokufakwa kwe-asbestos kwakungamabhodi noma amabhulokhi ananyathiselwe ezindongeni ukuze kufihlwe izintambo. Zenziwe nge-asbestos emsulwa futhi ziyingozi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma ubona ama-chips noma ukusikeka kuwo. Amabhodi okufakwa kwe-asbestos ngemuva kwe-wiring kungaba nzima ukuwasusa.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Asbestos
Ungase usole ukuthi ucingo lufakwe i-asbestos, kodwa kuzodingeka ukuhlolwa kwe-asbestos ukuze uqinisekise lokhu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuphepha zezingozi ezingase zibe nobuthi, kanye nokubhola noma ukusika ukuze kuthathwe isampula ukuze lihlolwe nge-microscopic. Njengoba lokhu kungeyona into umninikhaya ojwayelekile angayenza, kufanele ushayele uchwepheshe wokususa i-asbestos. I-encapsulation ingase inconywe esikhundleni sokususa ngokuphelele i-asbestos wire insulation, kuye ngesimo.
Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.
- Iphi intambo yaphansi yenjini
- Ungayinqamula kanjani intambo kusixhumi se-plug-in
- Ingabe i-insulation ingathinta izintambo zikagesi
Izixhumanisi zezithombe
(1) Neil Munro. Amabhodi okufakwa kwe-asbestos okushisayo kanye nezinkinga zokususwa kwawo. Kubuyiswe ku-https://www.acorn-as.com/asbestos-insulating-boards-and-the-problems-with-their-removal/. 2022.
(2) I-Asbestos-contaminated vermiculite esetshenziselwa ukuvala ucingo: https://www.curriculumnacional.cl/link/http:/www.perspectivy.info/photography/asbestos-insulation.html
(3) uRuben Saltzman. Ulwazi olusha mayelana nokufakwa kwe-asbestos-vermiculite kwe-attics. I-Structure Tech. Kubuyiswe ku-https://structuretech1.com/new-information-vermiculite-attic-insulation/. 2016.
