Ungawakha kanjani imephu ye-vector ye-GPS ekhombisa imigqa yamakhonco?

Ungawakha kanjani imephu yevekhtha yesimanjemanje enemigqa evundlile elinganayo njengemephu engu-1 / 25 IGN ye-TwoNav GPS yakho?

Ungakutshela zisuka nje ukuthi akuyona into encane, kodwa ngokulandela umhlahlandlela, kufanele ukwazi ukuzuza kumamephu amahle, asebenzayo namahhala 😏. Siphakamisa indlela kulesi sihloko.

Isingeniso

Umqondo wokuthola ivekhtha yamahhala noma imephu yohlobo lwe-Garmin ye-TwoNav GPS “no terrain” usuvele usihloko sezindatshana ezitholakala ku-UtagawaVTT.

I-TwoNav GPS yakhelwe ukuthi isetshenziswe ngokuyinhloko nemephu ye-IGN 1/25, nokho umsebenzisi angakwazi, ngenxa yesofthiwe enamandla kakhulu ye-Land, ukungenisa noma ukwakha amamephu akhe futhi awahlanganise ne-GPS.

Imephu yevekhtha ye-OSM enejiko leleveli (i-equidistance 10 m) isikali 1/8 (isikali esilungile sokuhamba ngebhayisikili ezintabeni ngu-000/1 / 15/0000), umbala wethrekhi olungiswe ngomthambeka.

Kungakhathalekile ukuthi yimuphi umhlinzeki we-GPS (i-TwoNav noma "abanye"), empeleni, amamephu ayatholakala ngezikhathi ezithile, kuhlale kunegebe phakathi kweqiniso eliphansi kanye nemephu "ekubhodini".

Ukungenisa ithayela noma ucezu lwe-OpenStreetMap ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinsiza zenkundla yokwenza imephu noma isayithi le-turnkey kukuvumela ukuthi uthole inguqulo ebuyekeziwe phakathi nehora eledlule ukuze umnikeli we-OpenStreetMap azuze ngokushesha kumnikelo wakhe.

Kulesi sifundo, umbhali ubonisa ngohambo oluthile lwebhayisikili lezintaba noma umncintiswano obanjwe ngaphandle kwendawo yakhe yokunethezeka, ngakho kufanele athole imephu.

Lesi isimo esithile lapho, kuye ngezwe olivakashele, ukuthola ikhadi kungaba nzima noma kubize.

Ukungenisa i-OSM slab noma ithayela

Ukudala i-Akhawunti ye-OpenStreetMap

• Iya ku-OpenStreetMap (Vula i-akhawunti uma kunesidingo)

Ukukhetha indawo yejografi onentshisekelo kuyo (i-slab noma ithayela)

I-akhawunti evuliwe:

• Hambisa phansi / beka phakathi isikrini endaweni eqondiwe,
• Uma sinomkhondo (uhlaka)
  • Ngenisa umkhondo we-Gpx ku-OpenStreet: TraceGPS Menu.

Qiniseka, vuselela isikrini ukuze ubone igrafu "ilayishiwe".

1. Faka phakathi / nqampuna imephu eboniswa esikrinini,
2. Layisha / ngenisa ithrekhi ku-OSM:
   • Hlela imenyu,
   • Isikhungo / Isikali Lesi sixazululo sesibili sikuvumela ukuthi ungenise ngokuzethemba amathayili amboza inkundla yakho yokudlala.

Ukungenisa ithayela le-vector / slab

Kumenyu yokuthekelisa, chofoza i-Api Overpass.

• Landela inqubo yokulayisha ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokunxele kwesikrini,
• Ifayela “lemephu” lingeniswa kufolda yokulanda emizuzwini embalwa.

Qamba kabusha ifayela lemephu ngesandiso esithi “.osm”: liba yi-map.osm

Ukudala imephu ye-vector Land

• Vula isofthiwe ye-Land

  • Vula ifayela le-map.osm
  • Londoloza leli fayela ngefomethi ye-mpvf (macartevectorielle.mpvf) ukuze leli mephu (ithayela) lisetshenziswe yi-GPS

I-Vector tile / slab isiyatholakala ku-Land ne-GPS.

Isinyathelo esilandelayo siwukwengeza isendlalelo sekhonta ukuze simele ukukhululeka.

Ngenisa usizo

Bheka umhlahlandlela wokuthi ungasetha kanjani i-DEM enembile ku-TwoNav GPS njengengxenye yomhlahlandlela wethu, okumele ukwenze nje ukungenisa nokulayisha amathayili ezwe elifanele kuhla lwemibhalo olusebenzayo.

1. Xhuma kusayithi https://data.opendataportal.at/dataset/dtm-france
2. Landa amathayili ahambisana nezwe elikhethiwe noma umkhakha wendawo.

Ukwakha imigqa yamakhontolo, udinga ukufaka isofthiwe yamahhala ye-QGIS kukhompyutha yakho.

Ukudala amajika

I-Qgis iyisofthiwe yommese wamasosha aseSwitzerland ekuvumela ukuthi ulawule izinhlobo ezahlukene zedatha ukuze udale imephu.

Xhumanisa nesizinda sokufakwa kwe-QGIS

Ngemva kokufaka, udinga ukwengeza izandiso (i-plugin), ikakhulukazi i-OpenLayerPlugin.

Ifaka ama-plugin / izandiso

• Ukwenza kanjani, vele ulandele lo mhlahlandlela,
• Imaphi ama-plugin okufanele afakwe: amakwe esithombeni esilandelayo

Uma isandiso singekho ohlwini:

Khetha ukukhululeka okufana nemephu

1. Vula i-Qgis, ungakhohlwa ukulondoloza iphrojekthi,
2. Vula i-basemap ye-OSM, imenyu ye-inthanethi (lena i-plugin ..).

1. Efasiteleni elingakwesokunxele le-"Explorer" vula ifolda enamathayela okusiza,
2. hudula i-slab efasiteleni Lesendlalelo.

Ubukhulu obukhulu bama-slabs bukuvumela ukuthi "uthole" ngokushesha ama-slab alungile.

Uma unethrekhi, umzila, noma ithrekhi efakwe kumjikelezo wemephu, efasiteleni lokuhlola, khetha ifolda lapho ingoma irekhodwa khona, bese uhudulela ithrekhi efasiteleni lezendlalelo ukuze ubuke ithrekhi yakho endaweni.

Shiya kuphela amathayili / amathayela awusizo efasiteleni lesendlalelo

Hlanganisa amathayela aqoshiwe uma (futhi kuphela uma) i-ROI yakho ihlanganisa ithayela elingaphezu kwelilodwa

Imenyu yamachashazi amathathu amancane "...", maka kuphela amathayela ofuna ukuwahlanganisa, buyela nomcibisholo bese ukhetha ifomethi yokurekhoda * .tif

Hlela indawo yosizo kumephu yevekhtha

1. Emhlabathini
2. Vula imephu “macartevectorielle.mpvf«
3. Sebenzisa ukusondeza ukuze ubuke lonke i-slab
4. Yakha umgwaqo omusha / ithrekhi (gpx) ebopha uhlaka lwemephu (uhlaka),
5. Londoloza le ngoma “Emprise_relief_utile.gpx”

Umfanekiso ongezansi ubonisa imephu yevekhtha kanye nemodeli yendawo yedijithali (map.cdem) eyakhiwe kusetshenziswa lesi sifundo.

Nge-Qgis:

1. Kufasitelana lesendlalelo: shiya kuphela isendlalelo sokusiza esihlanganisiwe (* .tif)
2. Hudula ifremu file.gpx efasiteleni le-Explorer uye efasiteleni Lesendlalelo. "Emprise_relief_utile.gpx" kuchazwe esinyathelweni sangaphambilini.

Uma umkhondo wakho uhudulelwa efasiteleni lesendlalelo, ungaqinisekisa ukuvumelana okuphelele ngokubheka ibhokisi.

Imenyu ye-raster ikuvumela ukuthi ucacise lokho ungqimba wokusiza ohlangene kufanele kube njalo ukusika ngokusho ukwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo imephu yokuthwebula i-vector.

Khiqiza amajika

Amapharamitha amabili azochazwa:

1. I-equidistance eqondile:
   • 5 m, endaweni eyithafa noma enamagquma,
   • 10 m, phakathi kwentaba noma ezigodini eziphakemeyo,
   • 20 m, ezintabeni.
2. Ifolda yesitoreji sefayela kanye nefomethi yefayela le-.shp

I-Qgis ikhipha ama-curve, anombala ongajwayelekile, ngokuchofoza ungqimba lwe-"Properties" lwejika likuvumela ukuthi ukhethe umbala, ukujiya nokubukeka kwamajika. kuphela ku-Qgis.

Uma usunefayela le-Gpx, okumele ukwenze nje ukulithola kusihloli bese ulihudulela efasiteleni lesendlalelo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi amajika amboza i-slab ewusizo.

Xhumanisa amajika nemephu

Kusuka ku-Land, vula imephu yemenyu:

• Vula imephu (ithayela le-vector),

• Vula ifayela "amajika deiveau.shp»Kusukela esigabeni sokudala ijika

  Amajika abekwe phezulu (phambili) kumephu yevekhtha. Ikhadi eliseduze kakhulu nempande yekhadi libekwe phezu kwamanye.

Chofoza kwesokudla isendlalelo: Izakhiwo (unesineke esanele sokuza!)

Londoloza ungqimba lwamajika njengokuthi “imigqa ye-contour.mpvf"

Kumephu ye-mpvf ngayinye emibili: chofoza kwesokudla ungqimba => gcina i-plasticine.

Ifayela "lobumba" ligcina ukwenza kube ngokwakho, ukubukeka nezici ezibonakalayo zezinto kumephu. Kumelwe ibe kumkhombandlela ofanayo nekhadi le-* .mpvf.

Lawa mamephu amabili manje ayatholakala futhi angasetshenziswa yiLand ne-GPS.

Umhlaba ikuvumela ukuthi udale ifayela "elihlanganisa" amamephu amabili. Ukuze kube lula ukudluliselwa ku-GPS, kuyancomeka (hhayi ngempela futhi hhayi ukuphoqelela, kodwa kalula nje kalula) ukuqoqa amafayela kufolda eyodwa. Kuzoba nefayela elilodwa kuphela elizokwenziwa impinda, futhi lonke lizohlala "likhompyutha" lifana.

Dala ifolda eyisibonelo: CarteRaidVickingVect

Emhlabathini

Qamba kabusha i-hypermap yakho bese uyigcina ngendlela efanayo nefolda. I-CarteRaidVickingVect (!! hhayi kule folda !!).

Leli "qhinga" likuvumela ukuthi ube nesihlahla sefolda esingadluliselwa ku-GPS nasemhlabeni, kwanele ukukopisha noma ukuhambisa le migqa emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa kunkomba ... / imephu (isibonelo ngezansi) i-GPS kanye / noma Umhlaba ukuze ube nemephu efanayo kulezi zinsika ezimbili.

Vula amathayili ethu amabili e-vector kufolda esidale ngaphambili.

Hudula amamephu we-mpvf amabili kumephu ye-Imp, isendlalelo sejika leleveli uthuli phezulu ohlwini.

Amafayela efomethi yobumba akuvumela ukuthi uthole isici sesithombe. Kungenzeka ukwenza ngokwezifiso ihluzo zezindlela noma izindlela ze-slab "OSM", udinga nje ukwandisa ungqimba lwalesi slab, chofoza isithonjana sesendlalelo, bese ulungisa izakhiwo ze-sublayer ehambisanayo, ungakhohlwa ukulondoloza ubumba (chofoza kwesokudla isendlalelo bese ulondoloza ...).

Ngemuva kwalokho i-Land idale i-hypercap ngefomethi ye-mp, gcina le mephu (Londoloza). Manje kwanele ukuvula le hypermap kuphela.

*CompeGPS MAP File*  
 Version=2 VerCompeGPS=8.9.2 Projection= Coordinates=1 Datum=WGS 84 
   

Ungakwazi :

• vumelanisa, isibonelo, izinga lokusondeza kuzidingo zakho,

• beka amafayela esinqumo esihlukile ukuze uvumelane nesilinganiso
• hlanganisa imephu ye-vector kanye nemephu ye-RAster IGN ukuze ubonise ngesikhathi esisodwa zombili izinhlobo zamamephu esikrinini

Isibonelo sokucushwa kweleveli ephansi ye-OSM

Ukudlulisa ifayela ku-GPS

Kopisha uhla lwemibhalo lwedatha oluqukethe amamephu (okuchazwe ngenhla) kuya ku/kumephu ye-GPS, kopisha ifayela le-hyper map format.imp ku/kumephu GPS.

Ithiphu: Ukuze wenze izinguquko noma wenze ngendlela oyifisayo ukubukeka kwesithombe semephu eboniswe esikrinini se-GPS: I-GPS exhunywe ku-PC ngentambo ye-USB, vula imephu ye-RaidVickingVect.imp ekopishelwe ku-GPS ku-Land, londoloza izilungiselelo zakho, ngaphandle kokukhohlwa ukulondoloza. izilungiselelo zesendlalelo kubumba lwefayela.

Sebenzisa ku-GPS

I-GPS ibonisa amathayili ngezindlela ezimbili:

• Isithonjana sika-R: umkhombandlela lapho amafayela akho agcinwa khona,
• Isithonjana se-V: kumephu yevekhtha ngayinye.

Uma i-R “Bitmap” ihlolwa (njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi): Amamephu amabili ayavezwa. Uma isithonjana se-V "Vector" sihloliwe, zombili kufanele zihlolwe. Beka isendlalelo esigobile phezulu ohlwini.

Ukunikezwa kokugcina ku-GPS (kusithombe-skrini, ukulungiswa kwesithombe kungu-72 dpi, esikrinini se-GPS lokhu kuyisinqumo sesithombe esingaba ngu-300 dpi, okungukuthi, ukulungiswa kwandiswa izikhathi ezingu-4 esikrinini se-GPS). Qaphela ukuthi ukulungiselelwa kwemizila eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yedemo Yomhlaba kukhona ngempela ku-GPS. Izinga lokusondeza kulesi sithombe-skrini ngu-1/8, okuphindwe kabili kunebhayisikili elivamile lentaba. Ukwenza kube ngokwakho kukuvumela ukuthi ulungise ukubukeka futhi unqume ukuthi uzobonisa izici zemephu (njengesithonjana sesithombe).

Njengengxenye yale "demo" esithombeni esingezansi, ukwenza ngezifiso "amakhamera" anyamalale; Ngaphansi kongqimba lwezokuvakasha kunqanyuliwe.

Esithombeni esingezansi, izinga lokusondeza ngu-1/15.

Ekugcineni, isithombe-skrini sesikrini se-GPS (isithombe esingezansi), esivula inkambu yamathuba ahlukahlukene. Kwethulwa ngesikhathi esifanayo:

• I-OSM vector tile,
• I-Contour tile,
• Ikhadi le-IGN 1 / 50 (izwe elifanele),

Qaphela:

• Ukuthi amajika "ahambisana" namajika e-IGN, ngakho-ke i-DEM esetshenzisiwe ithembekile,
• Ukwenza kube ngokwakho kukuvumela ukuthi ubeke izinto zevekhtha ngaphambi noma ngemuva kwemephu ye-IGN,

Umsebenzisi angakwazi:

• Ukuqeda ukubambezeleka noma izikhala ekubuyekezeni amamephu ahlukahlukene,
• gqamisa izingoma ezingashadile (isibonelo ...),
• engeza isendlalelo sosizo "DEM" ukuze imephu ibe ku-2D noma ku-3D.

Noma vele uthole imephu yokuphakama kwevekhtha.

Isibonelo sokusetha imephu, izithombe-skrini ezimbili zesikrini se-GPS (isikrini se-72 dpi / 300 dpi, esingcono izikhathi ezingu-4) lesi isigodi esifanayo, isithombe esingakwesokudla sinwetshwa kancane. Okwakwenziwe okomuntu siqu: ubukhulu bamajika bungamaphikseli angu-2 esikhundleni sephikseli elingu-1, umbala wezitshalo, amahlathi, ukwakheka kwezakhiwo. Konke kungenziwa ngokwezifiso, futhi ukudlulisa noma ukudlulisa lokhu komuntu siqu kusuka ekhadini elilodwa kuya kwelinye, kwanele ukuphinda ifayela lobumba.