Isebenza kanjani iToyota Hybrid (HSD)

Wonke umuntu wazi kahle ukuthi i-HSD hybridization yakwaToyota idume ngokuba yindawo yokusebenzela. Idivayisi yomkhiqizo waseJapan (ukusebenzisana kwe-Aisin) ayaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo kuphela, kodwa futhi nangokuthembeka kwayo okuhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukuyiqonda ngenxa yobunzima bayo nezindlela eziningi zokusebenza ezikhona.

Ngakho-ke, sizozama ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani idrayivu yakwaToyota, i-serial edumile / ehambisanayo ye-HSD e-CVT. Lesi sakamuva sikuvumela ukuba ugibele u-100% kagesi noma inhlanganisela kagesi neyokushisa. Lapha ngithatha isihloko esixakile, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngidinga ukusenza lula kancane (yize lokhu kungaphazamisi umqondo kanye nomgomo).

Manje yazi ukuthi ukuthunyelwa kwe-HSD kwenziwa yi-Aisin (AWFHT15), iToyota engumnikazi wayo engama-30%, nokuthi baphakela ukuthunyelwa okuyi-hybrid nokungeyona ingxubevange eqenjini le-PSA uma kukhulunywa nge-EAT noma i-e-AT8. amabhokisi. (i-hybrid2 ne-hybrid4). Manje sesisesizukulwaneni sesine ngokwentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe. Ngenkathi umgomo jikelele uhlala unjalo, ukuthuthuka okuncane kwenziwa egiyeni lamaplanethi noma ukwakheka ukuze kutholakale ukuhlangana nokusebenza kahle (ngokwesibonelo, ubude obufushane bekhebula banciphisa ukulahleka kukagesi).

Incazelo yokwenziwa

Uma ufuna umbono ophelele wokuthi i-HSD isebenza kanjani, nansi incazelo efingqa lokho. Udinga ukuqhubekela phambili ku-athikili ukuze ujule ngokujulile noma uzame ukuqonda ukuthi yini ekucashile kulesi sigaba.

Nayi indima yengxenye ngayinye kanye nemininingwane yezobuchwepheshe ye-HSD:

• I-ICE (Internal Combustion Engine) iyinjini yokushisa: wonke amandla avela kuyo, ngakho-ke iyisisekelo sakho konke. Ixhumeke ku-MG1 ngesitimela se-epicyclic.
• I-MG1 isebenza njenge-generator kagesi (eqhutshwa yinjini yokushisa) kanye ne-gearbox variator. Ixhuma i-ICE neMG2 ngegiya leplanethi (iplanethi). I-MG2 ixhunywe ngqo kumasondo, ngakho-ke uma amasondo ephenduka, iyajika, futhi uma ijika namasondo nawo (ngamafuphi, akukho ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwawo) ...
• I-MG2 isebenza njenge-traction motor (ibanga eliphezulu ama-2 km noma ama-50 km ku-plug-in / elishajekayo) futhi futhi njenge-generator kagesi (i-deceleration: regeneration)
• Iplanethi yeGiya: Ixhumanisa i-MG1, i-MG2, i-ICE namasondo ndawonye (lokhu akuphazamisi ezinye zezinto ezivikelekile ngenkathi ezinye zizungeza, kudingeka ufunde futhi uqonde ukuthi igiya leplanethi liphuma kanjani). Futhi ngenxa yakhe, sinoshintsho / ukwehla okuqhubekayo, ngakho-ke nguyena omele u-gearbox (ukushintsha kwesilinganiso segiya, kubangele ukuthi ibhuleke noma "iguqule": ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-ICE neMG1)

Ukwehliswa kuqukethe okungeziwe noma okuncane kokunyakaza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi (ezishisayo) ne-MG2 (exhunywe ngokuqinile namasondo, masingakhohlwa).

Umqeqeshi we-Hybrid Planar Gear

Le vidiyo ilungele ukuzizwa ukuthi iToyota hybridization isebenza kanjani.

Okusha: Imodi Yokulandelana Kwemibhalo mathupha kuToyota HSD Hybrid?

Onjiniyela bakwazile ukulingisa (ingxenye .. Isilinganiso segiya senziwa yi-MG1, ethi "slips" icishe kancane noma kancane ixhuma i-ICE neMG1 (MG2 = motor traction motor, kodwa futhi, ngaphezu kwakho konke, amasondo). Ngakho-ke, lokhu kwehla kungenziwa kancane kancane noma "kudiyazele" kuye ngokuthi umphathi we-MG2 ulawula kanjani amandla.

Qaphela, noma kunjalo, ukuthi ushintsho lwegiye aluzwakali ngokwenxenye ... ukuhambisa amagiya ukusheshisa okuphezulu).

Ngakho-ke, le modi isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukubopha amabhuleki enjini ukwehla kunokushayela kwezemidlalo.

ICorolla Hybrid 2.0 0-100 neTop Speed

Lokhu kubukeka kanjani empeleni. Ngeshwa, umthwalo ophelele, silahlekelwa yimodi elandelanayo futhi asisazizwa amagiya.

Izinhlobo eziningi?

Ngaphandle kwezizukulwane ezahlukahlukene, uhlelo lwe-THS / HSD / MSHS njengoba lusetshenzisiwe kwaToyota naseLexus lunezinhlobo ezimbili ezinkulu. Eyokuqala futhi ejwayelekile kunazo zonke inguqulo eguqukayo, namuhla efakwe ku-Aisin AWFHT15 (ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-90 yayibizwa ngeTHS yeToyota Hybrid System. Manje sekuyiHSD yeHybrid Synergy Drive). Iza ngamamodeli amabili ahlanganisiwe noma ngaphansi: i-Prius / NX / C-HR (enkudlwana), i-corolla ne-Yaris (encane).

Nansi enye yesimanjemanje (Prius 4) HSD yokudlulisa kusuka ezinguqulweni eziguqukayo (manje sekunosayizi ababili abahlukene, nansi enkulu). Iminyene kakhulu kunokwehluka ongakubona ngezansi (hhayi lena engezansi nje kwelongitudinal, ngisho nangezansi...)

IToyota Prius IV 2016 1.8 Ukushesha kweHybrid 0-180 km / h

I-Prius 4 ku-mpintsha ephelele, nangu umphumela odumile wokushintsha okuqhubekayo okhiqizwa yinhlanganisela yama-motors / ama-generator kagesi, injini yokushisa kanye nesitimela esiphakathi kwamaplanethi.

Bese kuza i-MSHS yohlelo lwe-hybrid olunezigaba eziningi (okungafanele ngikhulume ngalo lapha ... Kepha njengoba lusebenza ngokufana, luphinde luqhamuke kwa-Aisin futhi lweqembu lakwaToyota ...) lokho kubaluleke kakhulu. ithuluzi elikhudlwana okumele libekwe ubude besikhathi eside futhi ngalesi sikhathi elingakhiqiza amagiya angempela, okukhona ayi-10 (amagiya ayi-4 ebhokisini kanye nenhlanganisela yama-motors kagesi ngendlela ehlakaniphile yokufeza i-10. 4, kepha lokhu akunandaba).

Kukhona empeleni izinhlobo ezimbili: i-AWRHT25 ne-AWRHM50 (MSHS, enemibiko eyi-10).

Uhlobo oludume kakhulu lwe-longitudinal (lapha i-AWRHM50) luhloselwe ikakhulukazi iLexus (bambalwa abakwaToyota abanenjini ngalowo mqondo). Kunezinguqulo ezimbili, eyodwa yazo ekwazi ukukhiqiza imibiko eyi-10 yangempela.

2016 Lexus IS300h 0-100km / h nezindlela zokushayela (i-eco, ejwayelekile, ezemidlalo)

Buyela emuva kumzuzu we-1: 00 ukubona ukuthi i-AWFHT15 ingayenza kanjani imibiko. Ngokumangazayo, ama "speed jumps" adumile awasazwakali lapho injini ilayishwe ngokugcwele ... Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi idivaysi isebenza kahle kakhulu (i-chronograph) kumodi ye-CVT, ngakho-ke umthwalo ogcwele ukhuthaza imodi ejwayelekile yokuhlukahluka.

Isebenza kanjani iToyota hybrid?

Ngakho-ke siyini isimiso esiyisisekelo sedivayisi ye-HSD hybrid? Uma bekufanele sikufingqe lokhu, besingakhuluma ngenjini yokushisa esebenza nama-motors / ama-generator amabili (imoto kagesi ihlala iguqulwa) futhi onamandla ayo ahlukahlukene (enjini ngayinye) alawulwa futhi alawulwa isitimela esiphakathi kwamaplanethi, kepha futhi namandla kagesi (nokuqondiswa kukagesi) alawulwa umsabalalisi wamandla ("inverter" ngesiNgisi). Igiya lokunciphisa (i-gearbox le-CVT) lilawulwa ngogesi, okwenza ukuthi injini ye-MG1 isebenze ngendlela ethile, kanye nangegiya eliyiplanethi elimaphakathi, elivumela amandla amaningi ukuthi ahlanganiswe ukukhipha eyodwa.

Injini ingahlanjululwa ngokuphelele emasondweni, kanye nakudrayivu yeplanethi ...

Ngamafuphi, noma ngabe sifuna ukwenza lula, siyaqonda ukuthi ngeke kube lula ukwamukela, ngakho-ke sizogxila ezimisweni eziyisisekelo. Kodwa-ke, ngikubekele ividiyo ngesiNgisi enemininingwane egcwele, ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukuyidlulisa, kufanele ukwazi ukuyenza (ngokugqugquzela kanye nezinzwa ezinempilo, kunjalo).

Nayi i-Prius 2, engahlanganisi kangako kunalena engikubonise yona ngenhla. Bona ukuthi baqokomise kanjani i-A / C compressor (eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngakwesobunxele senjini). Ngempela, ngokungafani nanoma yimuphi umshini "ojwayelekile", uqhutshwa yinjini kagesi. Amasondo axhunywe kuketanga olubonakala engxenyeni yesikhungo ngakwesokudla (maphakathi naphakathi kwe-variator kagesi).

variator electronic eduze

Kwiphrofayili, sibona okunye kokumiswa kwamasondo okuxhunywe ku-chain ngomehluko.

Izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza

Ake sibheke izindlela ezihlukene zokusebenza kwedivayisi futhi, endleleni, kungani ithathwa njenge-serial/parallel, kuyilapho ngokuvamile uhlelo oluxubile luba olulodwa noma olunye. Indlela ehlakaniphile eklanywe ngayo i-HSD ivumela kokubili, futhi lokho kuyenza ibe luqili kancane...

Idivayisi yeToyota HSD: imininingwane nokwakhiwa

Nayi ukwakheka okwenziwe lula kwemibala eminingi ye-HSD ukukusiza wenze ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinto.

Umdwebo ubheke phansi uma uqhathaniswa nesithombe esiphezulu ngoba uthathwe kwelinye i-engeli ... Ngithathe umdwebo we-Prius 2 yingakho kunochungechunge lapha, izinguqulo zesimanje azikho, kodwa isimiso asishintshi. kunoma yikuphi (kungaba iketango, i-shaft noma igiya kuyafana.

Nayi imishini ngokuningiliziwe, ngoba kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi i-clutch itholakala lapha ngenxa yamandla kagesi aphakathi kwe-Rotor ne-stator MG1.

I-MG1 ixhunywe enjinini nge-set gear gear (green) ye-planetary gear set. Okusho ukuthi, ukushintshanisa i-MG1 Rotor (isigaba esiphakathi), injini yokushisa ihamba ngegiya leplanethi. Ngiqhakambisile lesi sitimela nenjini ngombala owodwa ukuze sikwazi ukubona kahle ukuxhumana kwazo ngokomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi akuqokonyiswa kulo mdwebo, isathelayithi eluhlaza kanye ne-blue center sun gear MG1 zixhumeke kahle ngokomzimba (kukhona igebe phakathi kwazo), kanjalo nomqhele (onqenqemeni lwesitimela). nesathelayithi eluhlaza okotshani yenjini yokushisa.

I-MG2 ixhunywe ngqo kumasondo ngeketanga, kepha ibuye ishayele igiya lamaplanethi langaphandle lamagiya aseplanethi (umqhele uluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okumnyama, ngakhetha umbala ofanayo ukwelula igiya leplanethi ukuze sikwazi ukubona kahle ukuthi ixhunywe neMG2 ) ...

Nali u-gearbox weplanethi ngaphambili, hhayi kuphrofayili kumdwebo ongenhla, singabona kangcono ukuxhumana phakathi kwamagiya ahlukahlukene ahlobene neMG1, MG2 ne-ICE.

Ubunzima busekuqondeni umthetho wesitimela samaplanethi, sazi ukuthi ukunyakaza kwangaphakathi akuhambelani ngokuya ngezindlela zokuhamba, kodwa futhi nangejubane ...

Ayikho i-clutch?

Ngokungafani nakho konke okunye ukudluliswa, i-HSD ayidingi i-clutch noma i-torque converter (isibonelo, i-CVT idinga isiguquli se-torque). Yilapho amandla kagesi abopha amasondo enjinini ngesitimela seplanethi ngenxa yeMG1. Ngemuva kwalokho yi-rotor ne-stator yokugcina (MG1) lapho edala umphumela wokungqubuzana: lapho uzungezisa imoto kagesi ngesandla, kuvela ukumelana, futhi yikho lokhu esikusebenzisa lapha njenge-clutch.

Kungcono nakakhulu lapho, ngesikhathi sokuxabana (umehluko wejubane phakathi kwe-stator ne-rotor, ngakho-ke phakathi kwemoto namasondo), kwenziwa ugesi. Futhi lowogesi uzogcinwa ebhethri!

Kungakho uhlelo lwe-HSD lubhekwa njengolunobuhlakani obukhulu, ngoba luhlinzeka ngokulahleka kwamandla okuncane ngokubuyisa amandla ngesikhathi sokushayisana. Ku-clutch yakudala, lawa mandla siwalahla ekushiseni, lapha aguqulwa abe ugesi, esiwabuyisela ebhetri.

Ngakho-ke, akukho ukugqokwa kwemishini, ngoba akukho ukuthintana okungokomzimba phakathi kwe-Rotor ne-stator.

Lapho imisiwe, injini ingagijima ngaphandle kokuma ngoba amasondo ayivimbeli injini (obekuzokwenzeka ukube besimile kudluliswa ngesandla ngaphandle kokucima). Igiya eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (elibizwa nangokuthi ayisebenzi) likhululekile, ngakho-ke lihlukanisa amasondo emoto (yingakho amagiya eplanethi alomqhele aluhlaza). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma igiya lelanga liqala ukuthola i-torque, lizobopha amagiya aluhlaza esihlokweni, bese amasondo eqala ukuzungeza kancane (ukungqubuzana ngogesi).

Uma igiya lelanga likhululekile, amandla awakwazi ukudluliselwa emqhele.

Njengoba i-rotor ijikeleza, ukungezwani kudalwa ku-stator, okubangela i-torque, futhi le torque idluliselwa egiyeni lelanga, elikhihlayo lize ligcine selizungeza kolunye uhlangothi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuxhumana kudalwa phakathi kwe-motor shaft enkabeni kanye negiya lendandatho emaphethelweni (amagiya = amasondo). Qaphela ukuthi le divayisi isebenza futhi ukuma nokuqala: lapho ufuna ukuqala, kwanele ukuvimba kafushane igiya lelanga ukuze imoto yokushisa yenjini yomlilo ithole i-torque evela ku-MG2 exhunywe esondweni eliqhutshwa (lokhu bese kuyiqala njengokuqala . Ingabe. Classic).

Ngakho-ke, ukuyifingqa:

• Lapho imile, injini ingazungeza ngoba ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-asi ye-injini negiya lendandatho akutholakali: igiya lelanga likhululekile (noma ngabe uPrius ngokuvamile uyacisha lapho umile ukuze wonge uphethiloli)
• Ngokwandisa isivinini senjini, i-rotor ijikeleza ngokushesha okwanele ukukhiqiza amandla kagesi, abese edlulisela i-torque egiyeni lelanga: ukudala ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-motor axis negiya lendandatho.
• Lapho ukuxhumeka kwenziwa, isivinini se-motor axis nesondo lendandatho kuyalingana
• Uma ijubane lamasondo lifika ngokushesha kunenjini, igiya lelanga liqala ukuzungeza ngakolunye uhlangothi ukushintsha isilinganiso segiya (ngemuva kokuthi yonke into ikhiyiwe, iqala "ukugoqa" ukuze iqhubeke nokwandisa isivinini sesistimu). Kunalokho, kungashiwo ukuthi, ngokuthola i-torque, igiya lelanga aligcini nje ngokuxhuma ama-axle e-motor kanye nesondo lokushayela, kodwa futhi libangela ukuba lisheshe lihambe (akuwona nje amabhuleki "amelana", kodwa futhi libangela ukuba lijikeleze ngendlela elandelayo)

Imodi kagesi engu-100%

Lapha ama-motor we-ICE (thermal) neMG1 awabambi ndima ekhethekile, yi-MG2 ejikelezisa amasondo ngenxa kagesi otholwe ebhethri (yingakho amandla avela ekhemistry). Futhi noma ngabe i-MG2 ijika i-rotor ye-MG1, ayithinti injini yokushisa ye-ICE, ngakho-ke akukho ukumelana okusikhathazayo.

Imodi yokushaja lapho imisiwe

Injini yokushisa isebenza lapha, ejikeleza i-MG1 ngesitimela seplanethi. Ngale ndlela, ugesi uyenziwa bese uthunyelwa kumsabalalisi wamandla, oqondisa ugesi kubhethri kuphela.

Imodi yokutakula amandla

Le yimodi edumile ye- "B" (regenerative braking), engabonakala ku-knob yegiya (uma uyiphusha, kunokubhuleka okungaphezulu kwenjini okuhambisana nokululama kwamandla kagesi kwe-MG2, ukumelana kuyi-electromagnetic). Amandla we-inertia / kinetic aqhamuka emasondweni ngakho-ke ahambela eMG2 ngokusebenzisa amagiya kanye nochungechunge lwemishini. Njengoba imoto kagesi ingabuyiselwa emuva, izokhiqiza amandla kagesi: uma ngithumela ijusi kumoto kagesi, izovuleka, uma ngivula imoto kagesi emisiwe ngesandla, izokhiqiza ugesi.

Logesi kagesi utholwa ngumsabalalisi ukuze awuthumele ebhetri, elizobe selishajwa kabusha.

Injini kagesi nokushisa kusebenza ndawonye

Ngejubane elizinzile nangejubane elihle, okungukuthi, isikhathi esiningi, amasondo azoqhutshwa ngamandla kagesi (MG2) nezinjini zokushisa.

Injini yokushisa ye-ICE ishayela igiya leplanethi, elikhiqiza ugesi ku-MG1. Lokhu kuzophinde kudlulisele amandla womshini emasondweni kwazise negiya leplanethi lixhunywe kuwo.

Yilapho ubunzima bungaba nomkhawulo khona, ngoba kuya ngejubane lokuzungezwa kwamagiya eplanethi ngeke kufane (ikakhulukazi, ukuqondiswa kwamagiya athile).

U-gearbox wesitayela se-CVT (ushintsho oluqhubekayo nolunenqubekela phambili njengakuma-scooter) lwenziwa ngokusebenzisana kwama-voltages phakathi kwama-motors (ngenxa yomphumela kazibuthe obangelwa ijusi edlula kumakhoyili: inkambu ye-electromagnetic) kanye negiya leplanethi . ethola amandla eziteshi eziningi. Ngikufisela inhlanhla yokuthola lokhu kutholakale kalula, noma ngabe ividiyo engikunike yona izokuvumela ukuthi wenze njalo.

Amandla aphezulu

Lokhu kufana nendima eyedlule, ngaphandle kokuthi lapha futhi sithatha amandla kagesi ibhethri elinganikeza, ngakho-ke iMG2 iyazuza kulokhu.

Nayi inguqulo yamanje ye-Prius 4:

Uhlobo lwe-plug-in / elishajekayo?

Okukhethwa kukho ngebhethri elishajekayo, okuvumela ama-50 km kwimoto esebenza ngogesi wonke, kuqukethe kuphela ukufaka ibhethri elikhudlwana nokufaka idivayisi evumela ukuthi ibhethri lixhumeke kulo mkhakha.

Kufanele udlule kusabalalisi wamandla naku-inverter kuqala ukuphatha umehluko wamandla nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zejusi: AC, DC, njll.

Uhlobo lwe-HSD 4X4?

Njengoba kufanele wazi, inguqulo ye-4X4 ikhona ku-Rav4 naku-NX 300H futhi yakhelwe ukwengezwa ku-axle yangemuva, njenge-PSA's E-Tense ne-HYbrid / HYbrid4. Ngakho-ke, kuyikhompyutha eqinisekisa amandla angaguquguquki amasondo ama-ekseli angaphambili nangemuva, ngakho-ke, angenakho ukuxhumana ngokomzimba.

Kungani i-serial / parallel?

Idivayisi ibizwa nge-serial/parallel ngoba ibizwa ngokuthi "uchungechunge" uma ukumodi kagesi engu-100%. Ngakho-ke, sisebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-BMW i3, injini yokushisa iyijeneretha yamanje esondla ibhethri, yona ngokwayo ehambisa imoto. Eqinisweni, ngale ndlela yokusebenza, injini inqanyuliwe ngokuphelele emasondweni.

Kubizwa nangokuthi ukufana lapho imoto ixhunywe emasondweni ngedivayisi yeplanethi. Futhi lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-batch build (bona abahlukahlukene bakha lapha).

Ngabe iToyota yenza kakhulu ngohlelo lwayo?

Ukuphetha le ndatshana, ngifisa ukusho kancane i-tirade. Ngempela, iToyota inezinto eziningi engizisho nge-plug-in hybrid yayo, futhi lokho kuyaqondakala ngokuphelele futhi kusemthethweni. Kodwa-ke, kubonakala kimi ukuthi lo mkhiqizo udlulele kakhulu ezicini ezimbili. Okokuqala ngukucabanga nge-teknoloji, okusho ukuthi ukudlulisa ukuthi izosindisa iplanethi ngandlela thile, nokuthi empeleni, lo mkhiqizo uqala inguquko ezosisindisa sonke. Impela, kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, kepha futhi akumele sifakwe ku-caricatured, i-diesel engeyona i-hybridized minivan isebenza ngokufana, uma kungenjalo, kwesinye isikhathi.

Ngakho-ke iToyota isebenzisa ngokunenzuzo umongo wamanje wokulwa nodizili ukwengeza ungqimba engicabanga ukuthi luhlotshiswe kancane lapha emkhawulweni wokuphatha, nansi eyodwa:

Izentengiso ze-TV - Uhla lweHybrid - Sikhetha iHybrid

Bese kuba nenkinga yokuxhuma. I-brand yaseJapan isekela ukuxhumana kwayo okuningi ngeqiniso lokuthi imoto ayidingi ukukhokhiswa kuma-mains, njengokungathi iyinzuzo kwezobuchwepheshe ngaphezu komncintiswano. Lokhu empeleni kuyadukisa njengoba kungukubi kakhulu kunanoma yini enye ... Izimoto ezingamaHybrid ezingakhokhiswa akudingeki zenze njalo, lokhu kuyindlela enikezwa ngaphezu komnikazi wayo! Ngakho-ke umkhiqizo uyakwazi ukudlulisa elinye lamaphutha njengenzuzo, futhi lokho kusenamandla, akunjalo? Kuyindida ukuthi iToyota ithengisa izinhlobo ze-plug-in ze-Prius yayo, futhi kufanele zibe ngcono ... Nansi enye yezikhangiso:

Awudingi ukuyilayisha kabusha? Kunalokho, ngizothi: "mncane, ayikho indlela yokwenza ..."

Qhubeka ?

Ukuqhubeka, ngiphakamisa ukuthi uyifunde ngokucophelela le vidiyo, okuthi, ngeshwa, ibe ngesiNgisi kuphela. Incazelo yenziwa ngezigaba ukuyenza ibe lula futhi iqonde ngangokunokwenzeka.