Usebenza kanjani umehluko we-elekthronikhi?

Ukukhiya okwe-elekthronikhi uhlelo olulingisa ukhiye wokwehlukanisa usebenzisa uhlelo lwamabhuleki olujwayelekile lwemoto. Ivimbela amasondo edrayivu ukuthi ashelele lapho imoto iqala ukuhamba, ishesha ezindaweni ezishelelayo noma ezijikayo. Qaphela ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kwe-elekthronikhi kuyatholakala emishinini eminingi yanamuhla. Okulandelayo, ake sibheke ukuthi umehluko we-elekthronikhi usebenza kanjani, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwawo, ukwakheka, ubuhle nobubi bawo.

Ukuthi isebenza kanjani

Uhlelo olulingisa ukukhiya okwehlukile lusebenza kumijikelezo. Kunezigaba ezintathu emjikelezweni womsebenzi wayo:

• isigaba sokwanda kwengcindezi;
• isigaba sokugcina ingcindezi;
• isigaba sokukhishwa kwengcindezi.

Esigabeni sokuqala (lapho isondo lokushayela liqala ukushelela), iyunithi yokulawula ithola amasiginali avela kuzinzwa zesivinini samasondo futhi, ngokuya ngawo, yenza isinqumo sokuqala ukusebenza. Ivelufa yoshintsho iyavala bese kuvuleka i-valve ephezulu ku-ABS hydraulic unit. Iphampu ye-ABS icindezela isekethe le-wheel wheel brake cylinder circuit. Ngenxa yokwanda komfutho wamanzi wamabhuleki, isondo lokushayela okushushuluza libhulekiwe.

Isigaba sesibili siqala kusukela lapho isiliphu samasondo sima. Uhlelo lokulingisa lokuvimba ukwahlukana kwamasondo lulungisa ibhuleki etholakele ngokubamba ingcindezi. Kuleli qophelo, ipompo iyeka ukusebenza.

Isigaba sesithathu: isondo liyama ukushelela, ingcindezi ikhishwa. Ivelufa yoshintsho iyavuleka futhi ivalve ephezulu yengcindezi iyavalwa.

Uma kunesidingo, zonke izigaba ezintathu zomjikelezo we-elekthronikhi ziyaphindwa. Qaphela ukuthi uhlelo lusebenza lapho isivinini semoto siphakathi kuka-0 no-80 km / h.

Idivayisi nezinto eziyinhloko

Ukhiye wokwehlukanisa ngogesi usekelwe ku-Antilock Brake System (ABS) futhi uyingxenye ebalulekile ye-ESC. Ukulingisa ukukhiya kwehlukile ohlelweni lwe-ABS lwakudala ngoba kungakhulisa ngokuzimela ukucindezela kohlelo lwamabhuleki wemoto.

Ake sicabangele izinto eziyinhloko zohlelo:

• Iphampu: Iyadingeka ukukhiqiza ingcindezi ohlelweni lokubhaka.
• Ama-valve weSolenoid (ushintsho kanye nengcindezi ephezulu): kufakwe kusifunda se-brake sesondo ngalinye. Zilawula ukugeleza koketshezi lwamabhuleki ngaphakathi kwesifunda esinikezwe lona.
• Iyunithi yokulawula: ilawula umehluko we-elekthronikhi isebenzisa isoftware ekhethekile.
• Izinzwa zesivinini samasondo (ezifakwe esondweni ngalinye): ziyadingeka ukwazisa iyunithi yokulawula mayelana namanani wamanje wejubane le-angular lamasondo.

Qaphela ukuthi ama-valve we-solenoid nepompo yokuphakelayo ayingxenye yeyunithi ye-ABS wokubacindezela.

Izinhlobo zesistimu

Uhlelo lokulwa nokushelela lufakiwe ezimotweni zabakhiqizi bezimoto abaningi. Ngasikhathi sinye, amasistimu enza imisebenzi efanayo ezimotweni ezahlukahlukene angaba namagama ahlukile. Ake sihlale kokudume kakhulu - i-EDS, i-ETS ne-XDS.

I-EDS iyikhiya ehlukaniswa ngogesi etholakala ezimotweni eziningi (isib. INissan, Renault).

I-ETS (i-Electronic Traction System) uhlelo olufana ne-EDS olwenziwe i-automaker yaseJalimane iMercedes-Benz. Lolu hlobo lokwehlukaniswa ngogesi selukhiqizwe kusukela ngo-1994. IMercedes ibuye yathuthukisa nohlelo oluthuthukisiwe lwe-4-ETS olungaphula wonke amasondo emoto. Ifakiwe, isibonelo, kuma-premium crossovers aphakathi nosayizi (M-class).

I-XDS iyi-EDS enwetshiwe eyenziwe yinkampani yezimoto yaseJalimane iVolkswagen. I-XDS yehlukile kwe-EDS ngemodyuli yesoftware eyengeziwe. I-XDS isebenzisa umgomo wokukhiya oseceleni (ukubopha amasondo wedrayivu). Lolu hlobo lokwehlukaniswa ngogesi lwenzelwe ukwandisa ukudonsa kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuphatha. Uhlelo oluvela ku-automaker waseJalimane lususa isithuthi esingaphansi kwemoto lapho lukhona ekhoneni ngejubane elikhulu (lokhu kusilela lapho ushayela kuyinto eyenzeka ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili) - ngenkathi ukuphatha kuba nokunemba kakhudlwana.

Izinzuzo zokhiye wokwehlukanisa ngogesi

• ukwanda kwe-traction lapho uvalele imoto;
• ukuqala kokuhamba ngaphandle kokushelela kwamasondo;
• ukulungiswa okuguqukayo kwezinga lokuvimba;
• ukuvula / ukuvala okuzenzakalelayo ngokuphelele;
• imoto ikwazi ukuzethemba ngokubhekana nokulenga okuvundlile kwamasondo.

Isicelo

Umehluko we-elekthronikhi, njengomsebenzi wohlelo lokulawula ukudonsa, usetshenziswa ezimotweni eziningi zesimanje. Ukukhiya ukulingisa kusetshenziswa abakhiqizi bezimoto abanjengo: Audi, Mercedes, BMW, Nissan, Volkswagen, Land Rover, Renault, Toyota, Opel, Honda, Volvo, Seat nabanye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-EDS isetshenziswa, isibonelo, ezimotweni zakwaNissan Pathfinder neRenault Duster, i-ETS - kuMercedes ML320, i-XDS - ezimotweni iSkoda Octavia neVolkswagen Tiguan.

Ngenxa yezinzuzo zabo eziningi, ukuvimba izinhlelo zokulingisa sekusabalele. Umehluko we-elekthronikhi ukhombise ukuba yisixazululo esisebenzayo semoto yedolobha ejwayelekile engahambi emgwaqeni. Lolu hlelo, oluvimbela ukushelela kwamasondo lapho imoto iqala ukuhamba, kanye nasezindaweni ezishelelayo nalapho lukhona emgodini, lwenze impilo yaba lula kubanikazi bezimoto abaningi.