Ungahlola kanjani i-rectifier nge-multimeter (i-manual)

Okuqukethwe

Yini isilungisi?
Indlela yokuhlola i-rectifier nge-multimeter
Isilungisi Sesigaba Esisodwa vs Isilungisi Sezigaba Ezintathu

Isithuthuthu, i-ATV, noma isistimu kagesi ebekwe eceleni inezingxenye ezintathu: ibhethri, isitaki, kanye nesilawuli/isilungisi. Uma isistimu kagesi yocingo lwakho ingashaji, enye yalezi zingxenye ezintathu cishe iyona esolwa kakhulu. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye enephutha ukuwahlola wonke.

Kepha ungasibheka kanjani isilawuli/isilungisi? Ukuze uhlole isilawuli/isilungisi, i-multimeter yedijithali enemodi yokuhlola ye-diode iyadingeka. Uma ungakabi nayo, manje isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuyithola.

Njengoba sithuthuka, sizocubungula indlela yokuhlola i-rectifier nge-multimeter.

Yini isilungisi?

Isilawuli/isilungisisi isisetshenziswa se-elekthronikhi esiguqula amandla e-AC akhiqizwa ijeneretha abe amandla e-DC futhi siwanikeze ebhethrini. Isigaba sokulungisa sebhulokhi yesilawuli/yokulungisa sinesibopho sokuguqula okwamanje ukusuka ku-AC kuye ku-DC. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingxenye yesilawuli inesibopho sokulawula inani lamanje elinikezwa ibhethri ukuze lingalimazi. (1)

Isilawuli/isilungisi siqukethe uchungechunge lwama-diode. I-diode ivumela amandla kagesi ukuthi ageleze kuyo aye ohlangothini olulodwa kuyilapho ingawuvumeli ukuba uhambe ngendlela ehlukile. Ukudlula kwamandla kagesi nge-diode kubizwa ngokuthi i-bias. Ukuchema okuya phambili kubhekisela esiqondisweni esivunyelwe sokugeleza kwamanje, futhi ukuhlehla kubhekisela esiqondisweni esivinjiwe sokugeleza kwamanje. (2)

Indlela yokuhlola i-rectifier nge-multimeter

Qiniseka ukuthi isilawuli/isilungisi sisebenza kahle. Kufanele uhlole i-diode ngayinye ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi inokuchema okulungile nokuhlehlayo. Amayunithi wesilawuli/wokulungisa ayahluka kwamanye futhi asuka kumkhiqizi oyedwa aye komunye. Ezinye izilawuli/izilungisi zinzima ukuzihlola kunabanye, kanti ezinye azikwazi ukuzihlola.

Isilawuli/isilungisi sinokuxhunywa kukagesi okubili. Ngokuvamile kuwuxhumo olumpunga lwe-XNUMX-prong ukuze uthole okwamanje kusuka ku-stator kanye noxhumo olumnyama lwama-prong angu-XNUMX ukuze kunikezwe okwamanje kubhethri. Iphozithivu itheminali yangaphakathi ekuxhumekeni kwe-bipolar emnyama bese kuthi inegethivu ingaphandle. Ezinye izilawuli/izilungisi zinoxhumano olumnyama lwamaphini amathathu netheminali yaphansi phakathi.

Isivivinyo 1: Ukuchema Okuya Phambili (Ama-Positive Circuit Diodes)

Xhuma imikhondo enegethivu ye-multimeter kutheminali ephozithivu yesixhumi esimnyama sama-prong amabili.
Bese uxhuma ukuhola okuhle kwe-multimeter kumatheminali amathathu esixhumi esimpunga esinama-prong amathathu ngokuzimela.
I-multimeter kufanele ibonise inani elihle kuma-volts. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwe-diode ngakunye kudlula amandla kagesi (ukuchelela phambili) futhi ngaleyo ndlela kusebenza ngendlela efanele.

Isivivinyo sesi-2: Ukuhlehlisa ukuchema (ama-diodes esekethe elungile)

Xhuma umkhondo ophozithivu we-multimeter kutheminali ephozithivu yesixhumi esimnyama sama-prong amabili.
Bese uxhuma ukushajwa okunegethivu kwe-multimeter kumatheminali amathathu ekuxhumekeni okumpunga kwama-prong amathathu.
I-multimeter kufanele ifundeke "OL", ekhombisa ukuthi isekethe ngayinye ivulekile (i-OL imele isekethe evulekile). Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-diode ivimbela amandla kagesi ukuthi angabuyeli emuva (i-reverse bias) futhi asebenze kahle.

Isivivinyo 3: I-Bias Phambili (I-Negative Circuit Diodes)

Xhuma umkhondo ophozithivu we-multimeter kumthofu ongemuhle wesixhumi esimnyama sama-prong amabili.
Bese uxhuma ukushajwa okunegethivu kwe-multimeter kumatheminali amathathu ekuxhumekeni okumpunga kwama-prong amathathu.
I-multimeter kufanele ibonise i-voltage eqondile, ekhombisa ukuthi i-diode ngayinye idlula ugesi kagesi kuyo.
Uma ukuhlolwa kokubheka phambili kufunda i-voltage, i-diode yehlulekile futhi kufanele ubeke esikhundleni sengxenye yesilawuli-rectifier.

Isivivinyo sesi-4: Ukuhlehlisa ukuchema (i-negative circuit diodes)

Ukuxhuma izintambo ezinegethivu ze-multimeter kutheminali eyinegethivu yesixhumi esimnyama samaphini amabili.
Bese ufaka inkokhelo ephozithivu ku-multimeter kumatheminali amathathu okuxhuma okumpunga kwama-prong amathathu.
I-multimeter kufanele ifunde "OL", ebonisa ukuthi isifunda ngasinye sivulekile futhi i-diode ivimbela ukugeleza kwamandla kagesi emuva.

Isilungisi Sesigaba Esisodwa vs Isilungisi Sezigaba Ezintathu

Isilungisi sesigaba esisodwa	Isilungisi sezigaba ezi-3
Izilungisi zesigaba esisodwa zinamandla okufaka wesigaba esisodwa se-AC. Izakhiwo ziyisisekelo, zisebenzisa i-diode eyodwa kuphela, ezimbili noma ezine.	Izilungisi zezigaba ezintathu zamukela amandla e-AV ezigaba ezintathu njengokufakiwe. Umklamo udinga ama-diode amathathu noma ayisithupha, eyodwa yesigaba ngasinye sesibili se-transformer.
I-rectifier yesigaba esisodwa iguqula kusetshenziswa isigaba esisodwa kuphela sokuvuthwa kwesibili kwe-transformer, futhi ama-diode axhunywe ekungeneni kwesibili kwe-transformer yesigaba esisodwa. Lokhu kubangela i-ripple factor ebalulekile.	Izilungisi zezigaba ezintathu zisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa i-ripple factor esikhundleni sezilungisi zesigaba esisodwa. Uma usebenzisa amasistimu amakhulu, izilungisi zezigaba ezintathu ziyakhethwa kunezilungisi zezigaba ezimbili.

Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.