Ungahlola kanjani ukuvuza okukhona emotweni ene-multimeter

Uhlelo lukagesi sekuyisikhathi eside luyingxenye ebalulekile yemoto, ngaphandle kokusebenza okujwayelekile okungenakwenzeka hhayi ukuhambisa kuphela - ngisho nokuvula iminyango yokungena esalon. Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka lapho ibhethri likhishwe ngokujulile ngenxa yemisinga ephakeme yokuvuza.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvuza kwamanje kunomthelela ekugqokeni okusheshayo kwemishini kagesi, okokuqala - ibhethri, lapho, ngenxa yokukhishwa okujulile njalo, ukwakheka kwamapuleti okuhola kusheshiswa kakhulu. Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izizathu ezingadala ukuvuza kwamanje nokuthi ungakunquma kanjani usebenzisa i-multimeter ejwayelekile yasekhaya.

Izizathu eziyinhloko zokuvuza

Konke ukuvuza okwenzeka emotweni kungahlukaniswa cishe kube okujwayelekile nokungalungile. Iqembu lokuqala lifaka imisinga ebangelwa ukusebenza kwamasistimu ajwayelekile ekuphumuleni, ngokwesibonelo, ngama-alamu, kanye nalawo avela ngomehluko ongaba khona kagesi omile kanye ne- "minus" yebhethri exhunywe kusisindo semoto. Ukuvuza okunjalo cishe akunakugwenywa futhi kuvame ukungabaluleki - kusuka kuma-20 kuye kuma-60 mA, kwesinye isikhathi (ezimotweni ezinkulu ezigcwele izinto zikagesi) - kuze kufike ku-100 mA.

Ukuvuza okunamaphutha kubandakanya imisinga ephakeme kakhulu (kusuka emakhulwini ama-milliamps kuya kumashumi ama-amperes) futhi imvamisa kungumphumela walezi zinkinga ezilandelayo:

• ukulungiswa okungalungile, ukungcoliswa noma uketshezi koxhumana nabo;
• amasekethe amafushane ngaphakathi kwamadivayisi (ngokwesibonelo, ekujikeni kwe-windings);
• amasekethe amafushane kumasekethe angaphandle (imvamisa ahambisana nokugoba nokushisa, okunzima ukungakuboni);
• ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinto zikagesi;
• ukuxhumeka okungalungile kwamadivayisi wokuzikhethela (amasistimu omsindo, amasistimu wokushisa, amarekhodi evidiyo, njll.), kufaka phakathi ukweqa iswishi yokushisa.

Ukuphakama kwamanje kokuvuza, ukushesha kokukhishwa kwebhethri kuzoba, ezimweni eziphambili kakhulu kuzothatha amahora ambalwa. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuxilonga ukuvuza ngesikhathi, unqume futhi uqede imbangela yokuvela kwakho.

Ukuxilongwa kokuvuza nge-multimeter

Okwalabo abasha ku-multimeter, siphakamisa ukuthi bafunde i-athikili: ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-multimeter kuma-dummies, lapho zonke izindlela zokumisa nemithetho yokusebenzisa idivayisi icatshangelwa ngokuningiliziwe.

Ukuhlola ukuvuza okukhona emotweni nge-multimeter kwenziwa ngemodi ye-DC ammeter. Ukuze wenze lokhu, inkinobho yedivayisi idluliselwa endaweni ebekwe izinhlamvu i-DCA futhi isethwe esigabeni "10A". Iphenyo elibomvu (elihle) lifakwa esokeni le-10ADC, iphenyo emnyama (enegethi) kusokhethi ye-COM, evame ukutholakala ezansi. Uma izikhala nokuhlukaniswa ku-multimeter yakho kumakwe ngokuhlukile, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda imiyalo ngaphambi kokuyixhuma kunethiwekhi yemoto ebhodini.

Ngemuva kokulungisa ucingo, qhubeka ngqo nokusebenza kokulawula nomsebenzi wokulinganisa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, emotweni enokunqanyulwa kukagesi, khipha isikulufu bese ukhipha i-terminal engemihle yebhethri, uyihlanze kanye nokuthintana kwebhethri uma kwenzeka kungcoliswa noma kunamachibi. Uphenyo obomvu we-multimeter ulungiswe ekusikeni kwe-terminal noma kunoma iyiphi iphuzu elifanele lobuningi, kuqinisekisa ukuthintana kwalo okuqinile nobuso, kanti omnyama usetshenziswa ekuxhumaneni okungalungile kwebhethri. Ithuluzi lizobonisa ukuvuza kwamanje kwangempela. Uma isibonisi sihlala siyi-zero, insimbi ingasethelwa kumodi engu-200m ukunquma ukuvuza okujwayelekile (noma kukhuphuke kancane).

Sesha abathengi abanamaphutha noma abaxhumeke ngokungalungile

Ukwenza le misebenzi kuyadingeka uma ukuvuza okutholakele kudlula i-0,1-0,2 amperes (100-200 mA). Imvamisa kulula kakhulu ukukhomba iphuzu elithile lapho livele khona kugebe lokuhlanganisa.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuwo wonke amadivayisi, kusuka kokusobala kakhulu "ngokuya ngokuxhumeka noma isimo sobuchwepheshe, kwenziwa le algorithm yomsebenzi elandelayo:

• ukucisha ukuthungela;
• unqamula umthengi kulayini wokuhlanganisa;
• ukuhlanzwa nokulungiswa kwamaphuzu okuxhumana nawo;
• ukuxhuma i-ammeter kusifunda esivulekile ngochungechunge;
• ukufunda ukufundwa kwensimbi;
• uma ukufundwa kungu-zero, umthengi uthathwa njengonokusebenziseka;
• uma ukufundwa kwehlukile kuziro, kepha kungaphansi kokuvuza okuphelele, kuyabhalwa, futhi ukusesha kuyaqhubeka;
• uma ukufundwa kulingana noma kucishe kulingane nesikhathi sokuvuza esiphelele, ukusesha kuyaphela;
• Kunoma ikuphi, ngemuva kokuphothulwa komsebenzi, kuyadingeka ukubuyisela ubuqotho besekethe nokufaka indawo yokuxhumana.

Kwenzeka ukuthi ngemuva kokubheka bonke abathengi, akukwazanga ukukhomba ukuvuza, kepha ukuxilongwa okujwayelekile kusabonisa ubukhona bayo. Kulokhu, izixhumi kanye negatsha labaqhubi kungaba yimbangi. Zama ukuwasula, ubuyisele ukuminyana koxhumana naye. Uma ngemuva kwalokhu ukuvuza kungasuswa, xhumana nochwepheshe osebenza ngogesi ozobheka ubuqotho bayo yonke imigqa ephethe izinto zamanje ngemishini ekhethekile.

Ividiyo: ungawuthola kanjani umsinga wokuvuza emotweni

Imibuzo nezimpendulo:

Ungahlola kanjani ukuvuza kwamanje nge-multimeter? I-multimeter isethelwe kumodi yamanje yokulinganisa (10A). Itheminali enegethivu yebhethri inqanyuliwe. I-probe ebomvu ikule theminali, futhi emnyama isendleleni enegethivu yebhethri.

Ungathola kanjani ukuthi yini edonsa ibhethri? Ngemuva kokuxhuma i-multimeter, abathengi baxhunyiwe ngokushintshana. Idivayisi yenkinga izozibonakalisa lapho, ngemva kokuyivala, inkomba ku-multimeter ibuyela kokujwayelekile.

Yini ukuvuza okuvumelekile okukhona emotweni? Isilinganiso samanje sokuvuza esivumelekile singamamilimitha angama-50-70. Inani eliphakeme elivumelekile lisuka ku-80 kuye ku-90 mA. Uma ukuvuza kwamanje kungaphezu kuka-80 mA, ibhethri izokhishwa ngokushesha ngisho nalapho ukuvutha kuvaliwe.