Indlela yokuhlola iphampu yamafutha nge-multimeter

Imoto yakho ngeke iqale? Isibani senjini yokuhlola sinesikhathi esingakanani sikhanya?

Uma impendulo yakho kule mibuzo inguyebo, inkinga ingase ibe ngephampu yakho kaphethiloli. 

Iphampu yamafutha iyingxenye ye-electronic emotweni yakho eletha inani elifanele likaphethiloli lisuka ethangini likaphethiloli liye enjinini ukuze isebenze kahle.

Uma kukubi, isistimu yakho yokuvutha noma yonke imoto imane nje ingasebenzi.

Abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi bayivivinya kanjani le ngxenye, futhi silapha ukuze sisize.

Ake siqale.

Yini ebangela ukuthi iphampu kaphethiloli ihluleke?

Uma kubhekwa ukuthi iphampu kaphethiloli isebenza kanjani, kunezici ezintathu eziyinhloko ezibangela ukuthi ihluleke. Lokhu kungenxa yokugqoka kwemvelo, ukungcola kanye nokushisa ngokweqile.

Ukuguga kuvamile kumaphampu osekungamakhulu eminyaka esebenza futhi ngokwemvelo ngenxa yokushintshwa ngenxa yamagiya abuthakathaka.

Ukungcola kubangela inani elikhulu lemfucumfucu kanye nokungcola ukuthi kungene ohlelweni lwephampu yamafutha futhi kuvale isihlungi.

Lokhu kuvimbela idivayisi ukuthi ingadonsi futhi ilethe uphethiloli owanele enjinini uma kudingeka.

Ukushisa ngokweqile kuyimbangela evame kakhulu yokwehluleka kwephampu yamafutha. 

Uphethiloli omningi othathwe ethangini lakho ubuyiselwa ethangini, lolu ketshezi lusiza ukupholisa lonke uhlelo lwephampu yamafutha. 

Uma uhlala ugijima ngophethiloli ophansi ethangini, uyayiduba le nqubo yokupholisa bese iphampu yakho ihlupheka. 

Izingxenye zayo zikagesi ziyalimala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bese uqala ukubona izimpawu ezithile njengokungaqhubi kahle kwenjini, ukushisisa kwenjini, ukonga kukaphethiloli, ukungasheshi kahle, noma ukuhluleka kwemoto ukuhamba.

Lezi zimpawu ziyefana noma ngabe unezinkinga noma udinga ukuhlola iswishi yakho yokubasa noma i-PCM yakho.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi iphampu yakho inecala, usebenzisa i-diagnostic kuyo. 

Kodwa-ke, kunezici ezithile, njengephampu yesibaseli edluliselwe, okufanele ihlolwe ngaphambi kokungena empompini ngokwayo nge-multimeter.

Ungahlola kanjani i-fuel fuel relay nge-multimeter

I-relay iyingxenye kagesi ohlelweni lwakho lomlilo olunikeza amandla empompini yamafutha uma kudingeka.

Ukuhlola i-relay kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi okufanele uyinake, kodwa kuzokusindisa ukucindezeleka kokuhlola iphampu yamafutha uma inkinga itholakala lapha.

I-relay inoxhumana nabo abane; itheminali yaphansi, itheminali ye-voltage efakwayo, indawo yokubeka umthwalo (eya empompini yamafutha) kanye netheminali yebhethri.

Ngalokhu kuxilongwa, ufuna ukuhlola ukuthi i-relay isebenza kahle yini, iletha inani elifanele le-voltage. Lezi zikhonkwane ezine zibalulekile ekuhlolweni kwethu.

1. Nqamula i-fuel fuel relay emotweni yakho

I-relay ngokuvamile itholakala ebhokisini le-fuse lomsabalalisi eduze kwebhethri lemoto noma kudeshibhodi yemoto. 

Ingase ibekwe kwezinye izindawo emotweni yakho, ukuze ukwazi ukusesha ku-inthanethi ukuze uthole indawo eqondile yemodeli yemoto yakho.

Uma usuyitholile, umane uyikhiphe esitolo ukuze uveze izikhonkwane ezine.

2. Thola amandla angu-12-volt

Kulokhu kuhlolwa, uzodinga ukusebenzisa umthombo wamandla wangaphandle ukuze unikeze ama-volts angu-12 wamanje ku-relay yakho. Sifuna ukulingisa isimo lapho isaxhumeke emotweni. Ibhethri lemoto yakho liwumthombo omuhle kakhulu we-12V ongawusebenzisa.

3. Xhuma ama-multimeter probe ebhethri bese ulayisha oxhumana nabo

Njengoba i-multimeter yakho isethwe kububanzi be-voltage ye-DC, xhuma i-multimeter probe ebomvu kutheminali yebhethri kanye nophenyo olumnyama kutheminali yokulayisha.

4. Faka amandla kuphampu kaphethiloli edluliselwe

Uzodinga izintambo ezineziqeshana zengwenya ukuze uxhume ukunikezwa kwamandla koxhumana nabo abadluliswayo. Qaphela lapha.

Xhuma intambo enegethivu ukusuka emthonjeni uye kutheminali yaphansi kanye nentambo ephozithivu kutheminali ye-voltage yokufaka. 

5. Linganisa imiphumela

Okokuqala, kufanele uzwe umsindo ochofozayo ovela ekusakazweni ngaso sonke isikhathi uma usebenzisa okwamanje kukho.

Lokhu kuwuphawu lokuthi iyasebenza, kodwa kwezinye izimo kusazodingeka wenze izivivinyo ezengeziwe nge-multimeter.

Uma ubheka imitha, uma ungafundi cishe ngo-12V, i-relay yimbi futhi idinga ukushintshwa.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ubona ukufundwa kwe-volt engu-12, i-relay isesimweni esihle futhi ungakwazi manje ukuqhubekela ku-fuel futha ngokwayo.

Indlela yokuhlola iphampu yamafutha nge-multimeter

Xhuma umkhondo oqondile we-multimeter ocingweni olubukhoma lwesixhumi sephampu kaphethiloli, xhuma umthofu ongemuhle endaweni eseduze yensimbi, bese ukhanyisa umlilo ngaphandle kokuqala injini. I-multimeter kufanele ibonise cishe i-12 V uma iphampu isebenza kahle..

Kuningi okwengeziwe kule nqubo, kanye nezinye izingxenye zokuhlola usebenzisa i-multimeter, futhi sizozihlanganisa ngokuningiliziwe.

1. Hlola fuse yephampu yamafutha

Njenge-relay, enye ingxenye ongayixilonga ezokongela ukucindezeleka okukhulu yi-fuse.

Lena i-fuse engu-20 amp etholakala ebhokisini lakho likagesi (indawo incike emotweni yakho).

Iphampu yakho kaphethiloli ngeke isebenze uma inefuse embi, futhi ungakwazi ukumane usho ukuthi i-fuse yakho imbi uma iphukile noma inophawu olushile.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-multimeter nayo ingaba usizo.

Setha i-multimeter kumodi yokumelana, beka umkhondo we-multimeter ekugcineni kwefuse futhi uhlole ukufundwa.

Imodi yokumelana ngokuvamile iboniswa uphawu "Ohm".

Uma i-multimeter yakho ikubonisa i-"OL", i-fuse circuit yimbi futhi idinga ukushintshwa.

Uma ufunda phakathi kuka-0 no-0.5, i-fuse yinhle futhi ungadlulela empompini yamafutha.

2. Setha i-multimeter ku-voltage engashintshi

Imoto yakho isebenza nge-DC current, ngakho-ke uzofuna ukusetha i-multimeter yakho ku-DC voltage setting ukuze ukuhlola kwakho kunembile.

Ukuqhubekela phambili, sizokwenza ukuhlola okubili kokwehla kwamandla kagesi kuzixhumi ezihlukene ezintanjeni zakho zepompo likaphethiloli.

Lezi isixhumi sentambo ephilayo nesixhumi sentambo yaphansi.

3. Vula ukuthungela endaweni ethi "Vuliwe".

Vula ukhiye wokuthungela endaweni ethi "Vula" ngaphandle kokuqala injini.

Udinga kuphela ukusebenzisa okwamanje ezintanjeni zakho zepompo likaphethiloli ukuze uqalise ukuhlola kwayo.

4. Hlola ukuthi isixhumi sibukhoma yini 

Intambo ebukhoma iyisixhumi esivela ku-relay. Kulindeleke ukuthi ibe ne-voltage efanayo nebhethri lemoto, ngakho-ke kungase kudingeke ukuthi ubheke imanuwali yakho ngaphambi kokuzama lokhu kuhlola.

Naphezu kwalokhu, amabhethri amaningi emoto aklanyelwe ama-volts angu-12, ngakho sisebenza nawo.

Nge-multimeter exhunywe ku-voltage ye-DC, hlola ukuhola okuhle ngephini bese unamathisele umthofu obomvu we-multimeter kuwo.

Bese ugxilisa i-negative probe yakho emnyama kunoma iyiphi indawo yensimbi eseduze. 

Uma iphampu yamafutha isebenza kahle noma inani elifanele le-voltage lisetshenziswa kusixhumi sentambo ebukhoma, ungalindela ukubona ukufundwa kwama-volts angu-12. 

Uma inani lehla ngaphezu kuka-0.5V, iphampu yesibaseli yehlulekile ukuhlola ukwehla kwamandla kagesi futhi kufanele ishintshwe.

5. Hlola ukuxhumeka kwentambo yaphansi

Intambo yaphansi iyisixhumi esiya ngqo ku-chassis yemoto yakho.

Ufuna ukuyihlola ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi isekelwe kahle nokuthi ayikho isekethe evulekile noma iphutha kusekethe yepompo likaphethiloli.

Ngophenyo olumnyama lwe-multimeter lusekelwe endaweni yensimbi, xhuma i-probe yangemuva ocingweni oluphansi bese unamathisela i-multimeter probe ephinikhodi yangemuva. 

Kufanele ulindele ukuthola ukufundwa okungaba ngu-0.1 volts ku-multimeter yakho.

Noma yikuphi ukufunda okungaphezulu kuka-0.5V kusho ukuthi iphampu yesibaseli ayigxilile kahle futhi kuzodingeka uhlole izintambo ukuthi azikonakele yini.

Faka esikhundleni noma vala izixhumi zezintambo uma uzithola.

isiphetho

Kuphela uma ulalelisisa imininingwane lapho uzokwazi ukuhlola iphampu yakho kaphethiloli kalula. Okufana nokuhlolwa kwezinye izingxenye zikagesi.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa

Ingabe iphampu yesibaseli kufanele ibe nokuqhubeka?

Iphampu kaphethiloli enhle kulindeleke ukuthi ibe nokuqhubeka phakathi kwezintambo eziphozithivu (bukhoma) nezinegethivu (eziphansi). Ukusebenzisa i-multimeter kumodi yokumelana (ohms), ungakwazi ukuhlola kalula izinga lokumelana noma isifunda esivulekile kumjikelezo.

Yini engabangela ukuthi iphampu yamafutha ingawatholi amandla?

I-fuse eyonakele izovimbela iphampu yakho yamafutha ukuthi isebenze. Uma i-pump relay nayo ilimele, iphampu yakho kaphethiloli ayiwatholi amandla ewadingayo ukuze isebenze kahle.