Ungasibheka Kanjani Isiqalisi Sokugunda Utshani
Okuqukethwe
Yinkathi yemvula futhi njengoba kulindelekile, udinga ukugunda utshani bakho ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze ugcine ikhaya lakho libukeka lilihle.
Kodwa-ke, uqaphele ukuthi injini yakho yokugunda utshani yenza umsindo wokuchofoza lapho uzama ukuyivula, ima njalonjalo, noma ayiphenduli emizamweni yokuqalisa ukuthungela.
Konke lokhu kubonisa inkinga nge-starter. Sihlanganise umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuthi ungasihlola kanjani isiqalisi sakho sokugunda utshani ukuze ungabe usabheka okunye.
Ake siqale.
Amathuluzi Adingekayo Ukuze Uhlole I-Lawnmower Starter
Ukuhlola isiqalisi sakho sokugunda utshani ngezinkinga, uzodinga
- i-multimeter,
- Ibhethri egcwele amandla angu-12 volt,
- isokhethi noma isikrufu sokuhlanganisa,
- I-Screwdriver,
- Izintambo ezintathu kuya kwezine zokuxhuma
- Izinto zokuzivikela ezifana namagilavu enjoloba nezibuko.
Ungasibheka Kanjani Isiqalisi Sokugunda Utshani
Ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhethri ishajwe ngokugcwele nokuthi izintambo azingcolile noma azigqwalile, xhuma ikhebula le-jumper kusuka kutheminali yebhethri enegethivu uye kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yensimbi yesiqalisi bese uxhuma enye ikhebula ukusuka kutheminali ephozithivu ukuya kutheminali yokuqala. Uma uzwa ukuchofoza, isiqalisi sibi.
Lezi zinyathelo zizonwetshwa ngokuqhubekayo.
- Hlola bese ushaja ibhethri
Isiqalisi somshini wokusika utshani sinikwa amandla yibhethri lenjini futhi ngeke sisebenze kahle uma ibhethri ingashajiwe ngokwanele noma isesimweni esihle.
Ungahlola ukuthi ingakanani i-voltage onayo ebhethrini lakho nge-multimeter ukuze uthole lokhu.
Vula i-multimeter ibe i-voltage engu-20 dc ebhalwe ukuthi "VDC" noma "V–" (enamachashazi amathathu), beka isivivinyo esibomvu endaweni yebhethri ephozithivu bese kuthi ukuhlolwa okumnyama kuhole kwenegethivu.
Uma i-multimeter ikubonisa inani elingaphansi kwama-volts angu-12, kufanele ushaje ibhethri.
Ngemva kokushaja, hlola ukuthi ibhethri liyayikhombisa yini i-voltage efanele. Uma kungenjalo, lokhu kungase kube isizathu sokuthi injini ingaqali.
Futhi, uma unebhethri elilinganiselwa ku-12 volts noma ngaphezulu, zama ukuqala umshini wokugunda utshani.
Uma umshini wokugunda namanje ungaqali, qhubekela esinyathelweni esilandelayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ibhethri eligcwaliswe ngokugcwele elingu-12 volt liyadingeka ukuze kuhlonzwe ngempumelelo umshini wokusika utshani ekuhloleni okulandelayo okuzochazwa.
- Hlola ukungcola nokugqwala okuxhumekile
Isiqalisi somshini wakho wokugunda utshani singase singasebenzi ngenxa yesekhethi kagesi engcolile.
Okulandelayo, uzonqamula izixhumi zebhethri koxhumene nabo ngesikrufu futhi uhlole zonke izintambo zikagesi namatheminali kubhethri, i-solenoid yesiqalisi, kanye nesiqalisi senjini nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lokungcola.
Sebenzisa insimbi noma ibhulashi locingo ukuze ukhiphe noma yimaphi amadiphozithi kuzo zonke izintambo namatheminali okuxhuma, xhuma kabusha izintambo zebhethri ngesikrufu, bese uhlola ukuthi isiqalisi siyasebenza yini.
Uma isebenza ngendlela ehlanzekile, khona-ke ukungcola kuthinte isifunda sikagesi somshini wokugaya utshani. Uma ingavuli lapho uhlanza, udlulela ekuhloleni isiqalisi sona ngebhethri nezintambo zokuxhuma.
Enye indlela yokuhlola izintambo zikagesi ukusebenzisa i-multimeter. Uhlola ukumelana noma ukuqhubeka kwentambo ngokusetha i-multimeter kusilungiselelo se-ohm bese ubeka i-probe eyodwa ekugcineni kwentambo ngayinye.
Noma yikuphi ukufunda okungaphezulu kuka-1 ohm noma ukufunda nge-multimeter "OL" kusho ukuthi ikhebuli yimbi futhi kufanele ishintshwe. Nokho, ungadlulela esinyathelweni esilandelayo.
- Nqamula ibhethri
Manje ufuna ukuduba zonke izixhumi zikagesi kusukela ebhethrini kuya kusiqalisi ukuze ukwazi ukukuxilonga ngokuqondile.
Nqamula izintambo zebhethri ngesikrufu, beka eceleni ibhethri elishajwe ngokugcwele bese ubamba izintambo zokuxhuma. Izintambo zokuxhuma ziyizintambo ezixhumayo ezinezinsimbi ezimbili kuzo zombili iziphetho.
- Thatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela
Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, sizobe sibhekana nengozi engase ibe khona kagesi, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi uthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela.
Ezivivinyweni zethu, ukugqoka igilavu evalekile yerabha kwanele ukuze uvikeleke. Lokhu kusiza uma usebenza ngezintambo zokuchibiyela, njengoba ngokuvamile zibanga izinhlansi zamandla kagesi aphezulu. Ungase futhi ufune ukugqoka izibuko zokuphepha.
- Xhuma izintambo ze-jumper kusiqalisi solenoid
I-starter solenoid ingenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zesistimu yokuthungela yomshini wokusika utshani, njengoba yamukela futhi inikeze inani elifanele le-voltage kusiqalisi. I-solenoid ngokuvamile iyisici esimnyama esifakwe ku-starter housing futhi inamatheminali amabili amakhulu noma "ama-lugs".
Ngokuvamile ikhebula elibomvu liphuma ebhethrini futhi lixhumeke kwilugi eyodwa, kanti enye ikhebuli emnyama iphuma kwenye isikhwama bese ixhuma kutheminali kusiqalisi.
Esikwenzayo manje ukwenza ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwebhethri ne-solenoid kanye ne-solenoid nesiqalisi sisebenzisa izintambo ze-jumper.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungase udinge i-screwdriver yensimbi kanye nezintambo ezintathu kuya kwezine zokuxhuma. Xhuma ingxenye eyodwa yekhebula ye-jumper kutheminali yebhethri ephozithivu bese enye ekugcineni ithiphu ye-solenoid esebenza ngebhethri.
Bese, ukuze ugxilise uxhumo, xhuma enye ingxenye yekhebula ye-jumper kutheminali yebhethri enegethivu bese uxhuma enye ingxenye kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yensimbi engasetshenzisiwe yesiqalisi senjini.
Uma lokhu sekwenziwe, xhuma umkhawulo owodwa wekhebula lesithathu le-jumper komunye umkhawulo we-solenoid kanye nolunye umkhawulo kutheminali yokuqalisa eyitholayo.
Ekugcineni, sebenzisa i-screwdriver noma ikhebula le-jumper noma xhuma amathiphu amabili e-solenoid komunye nomunye. Uma usebenzisa i-screwdriver, qiniseka ukuthi ingxenye oyiphethe ivalwe kahle.
- Ukuhlola Ukujikeleza Kwezimoto Ngemva Kokuvalwa kwe-Solenoid
Isikhathi sokuhlola kwethu kokuqala. Uma isiqalisi sijikeleza lapho uxhuma amathiphu amabili amakhulu e-solenoid, i-solenoid inesici futhi kufanele ishintshwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma isiqalisi singajiki lapho wenza lokhu kuxhumana, khona-ke isiqalisi singase sibangele injini ukuthi ingaqali.
Izinyathelo zethu ezilandelayo zizokusiza ukuthi uhlole isiqalisi ngokuqondile ukuze ubone ukuthi sinesici noma cha.
- Xhuma izintambo ze-jumper ngqo kusiqalisi
Manje ufuna ukwenza ukuxhumana okuqondile kusuka kubhethri kuya kusiqalisi.
Ngalo lonke uxhumo lwakho lwangaphambilini lokuhlola i-solenoid lunqanyuliwe, uxhuma ingxenye eyodwa yentambo ye-jumper kutheminali yebhethri eyinegethivu bese enye ekugcineni engxenyeni yensimbi engasetshenzisiwe yesiqalisi ukuze ugxilise uxhumano.
Bese uxhuma ingxenye eyodwa yekhebuli ye-jumper yesibili kutheminali yebhethri ephozithivu bese uxhuma enye ekugcineni kutheminali yesiqalisi okufanele inikwe amandla yi-solenoid. Qiniseka ukuthi konke ukuxhumana kwakho kuqinile futhi akuxegi.
- Bheka i-spin spin ngemuva kwe-jump starter
Lawa amaphuzu ethu okugcina. Oqalayo kulindeleke ukuthi ajike ngalesi sikhathi uma isiqalisi sisesimweni esihle. Uma injini ingajiki, isiqalisi sinesici futhi sidinga ukushintshwa.
Uma injini izama ukuphenduka kodwa ima futhi yenze umsindo wokuchofoza, inkinga i-solenoid. Lokhu kuhlolwa kokuqala okuqondile kuzokusiza ukuthi unakekele izinqubo ezimbili zokuhlola.
Ukuhlola i-solenoid yokuqala kungaba yingozi
Ama-solenoid aqalayo adonsa ama-amps ayi-8 kuye kwayi-10 ebhethrini lokugunda ukuze anike amandla isiqalisi. Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-current ye-0.01 amps yanele ukukubangela ubuhlungu obunzima, futhi umsinga ongaphezu kuka-0.1 amps wanele ukuba ubulale.
Ama-amps ayi-10 awamanje ngokuphindwe kayikhulu futhi yisizathu esihle sokuthi kungani kufanele uhlale ugqoke amagiya okuvikela lapho uhlola ngezintambo zokugxuma.
isiphetho
Ukuhlonza injini yomshini wokusika utshani ngezinkinga kungasukela ezinqubweni ezilula kakhulu, ezinjengokuhlola ukushajwa kwebhethri nezintambo zokugqwala, kuya ezinqubweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, njengokugxuma ukuqalisa injini.
Qiniseka ukuthi uthatha zonke izinyathelo zokuvikela futhi ufake esikhundleni sanoma yiziphi izingxenye ezinesici ufake ezintsha ezinemininingwane efanayo. Ungaphinda uhlole imihlahlandlela yethu yokuhlola isiqalisi semoto kanye nokuhlola i-solenoid yemoto nge-multimeter.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Ngazi kanjani uma isiqalisi kumshini wami wokugunda utshani sibi?
Ezinye zezimpawu zesiqalisi esibi zihlanganisa umsindo wokuchofoza noma onyakazayo lapho uzama ukuqalisa injini, izitebele ezihamba ngezikhathi ezithile, noma ukungaphenduli kwenjini nhlobo.
Kungani isiqalisi sami sokusika utshani singavuli?
Isiqalisi somshini wokusika utshani singase singaphenduli uma ibhethri lilibi noma libuthakathaka, kunenkinga yezintambo kumjikelezo, i-Bendix motor ayisebenzi ne-flywheel, noma i-solenoid ihlulekile.
