Ungahlola kanjani i-valve yokuhlanza nge-multimeter
Okuqukethwe
I-valve yokuhlanza iyisisetshenziswa esinezici zayo.
Ngokungafani nezinye izingxenye zenjini yakho, kuthatha isikhathi esithe xaxa ngoomakhenikha ukukukhomba lapho kuphakama izinkinga.
Ngokudabukisayo, lokhu kungenye yezingxenye ezilula kakhulu zokuqalisa izivivinyo.
Ziningi izindlela ezingasetshenziswa, kodwa abantu abaningi abazi ukuthi benzeni.
Lesi sihloko sihlanganisa konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana ne-valve yokuhlanza, kuhlanganise nendlela esebenza ngayo nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuyixilonga nge-multimeter.
Ake siqale.
Iyini i-valve yokuhlanza?
I-valve yokuhlanza iyingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zesimanje ze-Evaporative Emissions Control (EVAP) ezisiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola.
Ngesikhathi sokusha, i-valve yokuhlanza ye-EVAP ivimbela umhwamuko kaphethiloli ukuthi ungaphunyuli emkhathini ngokuwagcina ngaphakathi ku-canister yamalahle.
Uma imojula yokulawula i-powertrain (PCM) ithumela isignali ku-valve yokuhlanza, lawa maphunga kaphethiloli akhishelwa enjinini ukuze ashiswe, asebenze njengomthombo wesibili kaphethiloli.
Ngokwenza kanjalo, i-PCM iqinisekisa ukuthi i-valve yokuhlanza ivula futhi ivale ngesikhathi esifanele ukuze ikhulule inani elifanele le-fuel vapour enjinini.
Hlanza izinkinga ze-valve
I-valve yokuhlanza ingase ibe namaphutha amaningana.
- I-valve yokuhlanza ibhajwe ivaliwe
Lapho i-valve yokuhlanza ibambeka endaweni evaliwe, ukudubula okungalungile kanye nobunzima bokuqalisa injini kwenzeka.
Nokho, i-PCM iyibona kalula le nkinga futhi izibani zenjini ziyakhanya kudeshibhodi yemoto.
- I-valve yokuhlanza ibhajwe ivuliwe
Lapho i-valve yokuhlanza ibambeka endaweni evulekile, akunakwenzeka ukulawula inani lomhwamuko kaphethiloli ophonswa enjinini.
Iphinde idale ukuduka kwenjini kanye nobunzima bokuqalisa, futhi kuba nzima ukukuqaphela ngoba imoto iyaqhubeka nokusebenza.
- Inkinga yetheminali yamandla
Kungase kube nezinkinga ngamatheminali kagesi ayixhuma ku-PCM.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle, i-valve yokuhlanza ayitholi ulwazi olufanele ku-PCM ukuze yenze imisebenzi yayo.
I-multimeter isiza ukwenza izivivinyo ezifanele kulokhu kanye nokuhlola kwezinye izingxenye zemoto.
Indlela Yokuhlola I-Valve Yokuhlanza Nge-Multimeter (Izindlela Ezi-3)
Ukuze uhlole i-valve yokuhlanza, setha ukudayela kwe-multimeter kube ama-ohms, beka imikhondo yokuhlola kumatheminali wamandla we-valve yokuhlanza, futhi uhlole ukumelana phakathi kwamatheminali. Ukufundwa okungaphansi kuka-14 ohms noma ngaphezulu kuka-30 ohms kusho ukuthi ivalvu yokuhlanza inephutha futhi idinga ukushintshwa..
Akukona konke, kanye nezinye izindlela zokuhlola ukuthi i-valve yokuhlanza isesimweni esihle noma cha, futhi sizodlulela kubo manje.
Indlela 1: Ukuhlola Ukuqhubeka
Amavalvu amaningi okuhlanza ayi-solenoid kanti ukuhlolwa kokuqhubeka kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhoyili yensimbi noma yethusi egijima isuka ku-positive iye ku-negative terminal ilungile.
Uma le khoyili inephutha, ivalvu yokuhlanza ngeke isebenze. Ukuze wenze lokhu kuhlola, landela lezi zinyathelo.
- Nqamula i-valve yokuhlanza emotweni
Ukuze ube nokufinyelela okufanele ku-valve yokuhlanza futhi uhlole ukuqhubeka, kufanele uyikhiphe emotweni.
Ngaphambi kokwenza lokhu, qiniseka ukuthi imoto icishiwe okungenani imizuzu engama-30.
Nqamula i-valve yokuhlanza ngokukhulula izinsimbi zokuxhuma amapayipi okungenisa nokukhipha, kanye nokuyinqamula kutheminali yamandla.
Ipayipi lokungena liphuma ethangini likaphethiloli kanti ipayipi lokuphuma liya enjinini.
- Setha i-multimeter kumodi eqhubekayo
Setha ukudayela kwe-multimeter kumodi eqhubekayo, evame ukumelwa yisithonjana "somsindo wegagasi".
Ukuze uhlole ukuthi le modi isethwe kahle yini, beka ama-multimeter probes amabili ngaphezulu komunye nomunye futhi uzozwa ibhiphu.
- Beka ama-multimeter probes kumatheminali
Uma i-multimeter yakho isethwe ngendlela efanele, uvele ubeke ama-probe kumatheminali wamandla e-valve yokuhlanza.
- Linganisa imiphumela
Manje, uma i-multimeter ingakhali lapho uletha ama-probe kumatheminali wamandla, khona-ke ikhoyili engaphakathi kwe-valve yokuhlanza yonakalisiwe futhi yonke i-valve idinga ukushintshwa.
Uma i-multimeter ikhala, dlulela kwezinye izivivinyo.
Indlela yesi-2: Ukuhlolwa kokumelana
I-valve yokuhlanza ingase ingasebenzi kahle ngoba ukumelana phakathi kwamatheminali amahle noma angalungile kuphansi kakhulu noma kuphezulu kakhulu.
I-multimeter izokusiza futhi ukuxilonga ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo.
- Nqamula i-valve yokuhlanza emotweni
Njengokuhlolwa kokuqhubeka, unqamula ngokuphelele i-valve yokuhlanza emotweni.
Uqaqa izinsimbi futhi uphinde uhlukanise i-valve kutheminali yamandla.
- Setha i-multimeter yakho ibe yi-ohms
Ukuze ulinganise ukumelana ku-valve yakho yokuhlanza, usetha ukudayela kwe-multimeter kube ama-ohms.
Lokhu kuvame ukuboniswa uphawu lwe-omega (Ω) ku-multimeter.
Ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isethwe kahle, i-multimeter kufanele ibonise u-"OL" okusho ukuthi iluphu evulekile noma "1" okusho ukufunda okungapheli.
- Ukuma kwe-multimeter probes
Mane ubeke imikhondo ye-multimeter kumatheminali wamandla we-valve yokuhlanza.
- Linganisa imiphumela
Yilokhu okunakayo. I-valve yokuhlanza enhle kulindeleke ukuthi ibe nokumelana kwe-14 ohms kuya ku-30 ohms, kuye ngemodeli.
Uma i-multimeter ibonisa inani elingaphezulu noma elingaphansi kobubanzi obufanele, khona-ke i-valve yakho yokuhlanza inephutha futhi idinga ukushintshwa.
Uma inani liwela ngaphakathi kwalobu bubanzi, qhubekela kwezinye izinyathelo.
I-multimeter ayidingeki kulezi ezinye izinyathelo, kodwa iwusizo ekuhlonzeni izinkinga ezibambekile noma ezivaliwe.
Indlela yesi-3: ukuhlolwa kwemishini
Ukuhlolwa kokuchofoza komshini kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kokuchofoza i-valve yokuhlanza kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-vacuum yokuhlanza.
Ukuhlola Ukuchofoza I-Valve Purge
Ukuhlola ukuchofozwa kwe-valve yokuhlanza kusiza ukukhomba inkinga evaliwe emile.
Ngokujwayelekile, lapho injini isebenza, isignali ithunyelwa kuvalvu yokuhlanza ezixhunyweni ezimaphakathi ukuze ivuleke futhi ivumele umhwamuko kaphethiloli ukuthi ungene.
Kunomsindo wokuchofoza njalo lapho i-valve ivula futhi yilokhu ofuna ukukuhlola.
Ukuze wenze uhlolo olulula, landela lezi zinyathelo.
Uma i-valve yokuhlanza isinqamukile emotweni yakho, yixhume emandleni ngokumane uyixhume ebhethrini lemoto. Ukusethwa okulula futhi okudingayo iziqeshana zengwenya, ibhethri lama-volt angu-12 nezindlebe zakho.
Beka iziqeshana zengwenya ezimbili kutheminali yamandla ngayinye yevalvu yakho yokuhlanza bese ubeka esinye isiphetho sazo zombili iziqeshana kokuthunyelwe kwebhethri ngakunye. Lokhu kusho ukuthi isiqeshana sengwenya esisodwa siya kutheminali yebhethri ephozithivu bese esinye siye kwenegethivu.
I-valve yokuhlanza enhle yenza umsindo wokuchofoza lapho izinsimbi zixhunywe kahle. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, umsindo wokuchofoza uvela ekuvuleni kwe-valve yokuhlanza.
Le nqubo ilula, futhi uma ibonakala idida, le vidiyo emfushane ikhombisa kahle ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kokuchofoza i-valve yokuhlanza.
Hlanza Vacuum Test
Ukuhlolwa kwe-vacuum ye-valve yokuhlanza kusiza ukukhomba inkinga evulekile ngenduku.
Uma i-valve yokuhlanza ivuza, ngeke yenze umsebenzi wayo wokuletha inani elifanele lomhwamuko kaphethiloli enjinini.
Elinye ithuluzi elengeziwe ozolidinga yiphampu yevacuum ephethwe ngesandla.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuxhuma iphampu yevacuum embobeni yokukhipha lapho umhwamuko kaphethiloli uphumela khona enjinini.
Udinga ipayipi lephampu levacuum ukuze libe phakathi kwamayintshi angu-5 no-8 ukuze lingene kahle.
Uma ipayipi selixhunywe kahle, vula iphampu yevacuum futhi uhlole ukuthi ingcindezi iphakathi kuka-20 no-30 Hg. 30 rt. Art. imele i-vacuum ekahle futhi iwumfutho we-vacuum ophezulu ongafinyeleleka (ofinyezwe usuka ku-29.92 Hg).
Linda imizuzu engu-2-3 bese uqapha ngokucophelela ukucindezela kwe-vacuum epompo.
Uma umfutho we-vacuum wehla, i-valve yokuhlanza iyavuza futhi idinga ukushintshwa. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke akukho ukuvuza ku-valve yokuhlanza.
Uma kwenzeka ukucindezela kunganciphi, ungathatha isinyathelo esisodwa - xhuma i-valve yokuhlanza emthonjeni wamandla, njengebhethri yemoto, ukuze ivuleke.
Lapho nje uzwa ukuchofoza okubonisa ukuvulwa kwe-valve, ulindele ukuthi ingcindezi ye-vacuum yehlele ku-zero.
Uma lokhu kwenzeka, i-valve yokuhlanza ilungile.
Ingabe udinga ukufaka esikhundleni se-valve yokuhlanza?
Ukuhlola i-valve yokuhlanza kulula kakhulu. Ungasebenzisa i-multimeter ukuhlola ukuqhubeka noma ukumelana phakathi kwamatheminali, noma wenze izivivinyo zemishini ngokuchofoza imisindo noma i-vacuum efanele.
Uma okunye kwalokhu kwehluleka, iyunithi kufanele ishintshwe.
Izindleko zokushintsha zisuka ku-$100 ziye ku-$180, ezihlanganisa nezindleko zabasebenzi. Kodwa-ke, ungakwazi futhi ukufaka i-valve yokuhlanza ngokwakho uma ukwazi ukuhamba kahle.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa
Ngazi kanjani uma iveluvu yami yokuhlanza ibhajwe ivuliwe?
Uma i-valve yokuhlanza ibhajwe ivuliwe, injini ayisebenzi, ayiqhumi kahle, ilukhuni, noma kunzima ukuqalisa imoto. Lokhu kubangelwa ukuthi inani eliningi le-fuel vapour linikezwa injini.
Kwenzekani uma i-valve yokuhlanza ibambeka endaweni evaliwe?
Lapho i-valve yokuhlanza ivaleka, injini izosebenza, injini izoba nobunzima ukuqalisa, noma ukukhanya kwenjini kuzokhanya. Lokhu kuyashesha ukuqaphela kunalapho i-valve yokuhlanza ibhajwe endaweni evulekile.
Kuyini ukumelana kwe-valve yokuhlanza?
Ukumelana kwe-valve yokuhlanza okuhle kuphakathi kuka-14 ohms no-30 ohms. Lokhu kuyahlukahluka ngemodeli futhi noma yiliphi inani elingezansi noma elingaphezu kwalolu hlu libonisa ukwehluleka kwe-valve yokuhlanza.
Ingabe kufanele ichofoze i-valve yokuhlanza?
Yebo, i-valve yokuhlanza esebenzayo iyachofoza lapho ixhunywe kumthombo wamandla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iyavuleka ikhiphe umhwamuko kaphethiloli egunjini lamalahle bese iwunikeza injini.
Ingabe i-valve yokuhlanza ingahlanzwa?
Ungakwazi ukuhlanza i-valve yokuhlanza ngaphandle kokuyivula ngokufafaza isicoci se-carburetor noma i-MAF emachwebeni okungenisa nokukhipha. Vala iziphetho zombili, nika i-valve unyakazise kahle futhi uvumele udoti uphume.
