Indlela yokuhlola injini nge-multimeter? (Iziqondiso ezi-3)

Injini embi ingabangela izinkinga eziningi. Ngale ndlela ngeke wazi ukuthi ungadinga nini ukuhlola injini yakho. Yingakho namuhla sizobheka indlela yokuhlola injini nge-multimeter. Nokho, kule nqubo, uzodinga amanye amakhono DIY. Ngamakhono athile e-DIY nokusebenza okufanele, ungaqeda umsebenzi kalula.

Ngokuvamile, ukuhlola injini, okokuqala udinga ukubeka multimeter kwimodi yokumelana. Bese ubheka amatheminali enjini nezintambo. Umgomo ukuhlola ama-windings ukuze uthole isifunda esivulekile noma esifushane.

Ngaphezu kwendlela echazwe ngenhla, kunezinye izindlela ezimbili esingahlola ngazo injini kagesi. Lapha sizoxoxa ngazo zontathu izivivinyo zezimoto. Ngakho ake siqale.

Isivivinyo 1: Qhathanisa i-voltage kuwo wonke amatheminali e-capacitor ne-voltage esetshenzisiwe

Uma uxhumeke kahle, i-voltage kutheminali ye-capacitor kufanele ibe izikhathi ezingu-1.7 kumthamo wamandla kagesi. Uma uthola ukufundwa ngokwesilinganiso esishiwo ngenhla, lokho kusho ukuthi injini ithola i-voltage efanele. Kulokhu kuhlolwa kwemoto, sizosebenzisa ama-multimeters amabili; Umhloli wesekethe A kanye nomhloli wesekethe u-B.

Isinyathelo 1: Hlola i-voltage yokuphakelwa kwamandla ngesihloli sesekethe A.

Njengakumdwebo ongenhla, qala ngokuxhuma umthofu wokuhlola obomvu ocingweni olubomvu; xhuma i-probe emnyama ocingweni olumnyama. Lena inqubo yomhloli wesekethe A. I-multimeter kufanele ibe kumodi ye-voltage ye-AC. Ngaphambi kokuxhuma i-multimeter ku-motor, kufanele wenze izilungiselelo ezidingekayo ze-multimeter. Uma ulandela lezi zinyathelo ngendlela efanele, kufanele uthole i-voltage yokunikezwa kwamandla. Uma usebenzisa i-100V AC motor, uzothola i-100V ku-multimeter.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: Hlola i-voltage kumatheminali e-capacitor usebenzisa isihloli sesekethe B.

Manje sebenzisa i-Circuit Tester B ukuze uhlole i-voltage kuwo wonke amatheminali e-capacitor. Xhuma i-probe ebomvu ocingweni olubomvu. Bese uxhuma i-probe emnyama ocingweni olumhlophe. Manje hlola i-voltage nge-multimeter. Uma konke ukuxhumana kukuhle, uzothola ukufundwa okuphindwe izikhathi eziyi-1.7 kunokufundwa kokunikezwa kwamandla.

Isibonelo, uma usebenzisa i-100V motor kulokhu kuhlolwa, i-multimeter izofunda i-170V.

Uma ufunda izikhathi ezingu-1.7 ubukhulu bomthamo, kusho ukuthi injini isebenza ngokujwayelekile. Nokho, uma ungakutholi lokhu kufundwa, inkinga ingase ibe ngenjini yakho.

Isivivinyo 2: hlola ugesi ohanjiswa ngentambo

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezintambo ezingalungile noma izixhumi kungaba yimbangela yokungasebenzi kahle kwenjini. Ngakho-ke, kuhlale kungcono kakhulu ukuhlola izintambo nokuxhumana ngaphambi kokudweba noma yiziphi iziphetho. Ngale ndlela, sizohlola ukuthi isifunda se-motor sivulekile noma sifushane ngokuhlolwa kokuqhubeka okulula.

Isinyathelo 1 - Vala amandla

Okokuqala, cisha amandla. Amandla awadingeki lapho wenza uhlolo lokuqhubeka.

Isinyathelo sesi-2 - Yenza ukuxhumana ngokomdwebo

Hlola umdwebo ongenhla bese uxhuma umhloli wesekethe u-C no-D ngokulandelanayo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuxhuma umthofu obomvu C ocingweni olumnyama kanye nomthofu obomvu ongu-D entanjeni ebomvu. Manje xhuma ama-probe amabili amnyama asele C no-D ekupheleni kwekhebula lokunweba. Uma kukhona amakhefu kusekethe ngaphansi kokuhlolwa, ama-multimeter azoqala ukukhala.

Qaphela: Uma ubheka izintambo, khetha njalo indawo evulekile eduze kwenjini. Uma uxhuma izinzwa ezintanjeni, qiniseka ukuthi zixhumeke ngendlela efanele.

Isivivinyo sesi-3: Ukuhlolwa kokumelana nama-motor winding

Kulesi sivivinyo, sizokala ukumelana nama-motor winding. Sizobe sesiyiqhathanisa namanani abalwe ekuqaleni ama-motor winding values. Ngemva kwalokho, singabheka isimo senjini ngamanani amabili.

Isinyathelo 1 - Susa zonke izingxenye ozikhethela

Okokuqala, susa izingxenye ezengeziwe kumjikelezo wemoto, njengama-capacitor nezintambo zokunweba.

Isinyathelo sesi-2 - Setha i-multimeter yakho

Manje setha ama-multimeters akho kumodi yokumelana. Uma ukhumbula, ezivivinyweni ezimbili ezedlule, sibeka ama-multimeters kumodi ye-voltage. Kodwa hhayi lapha.

Isinyathelo sesi-3 - Xhuma izinzwa

Xhuma yomibili imikhondo yokuhlola emnyama ocingweni olumnyama. Manje xhuma umkhondo obomvu womhloli wesekethe E kuntambo ebomvu. Bese uxhuma umkhondo obomvu wesihloli sesekethe sika-F entanjeni emhlophe. Uma usadidekile, funda umdwebo oboniswe ngenhla. (1)

Isinyathelo sesi-4 - Hlola futhi Uqhathanise Ukufundwa

Ukufundwa kwe-multimeter kufanele kube ngu-170 ohms, kunikezwe ukuthi uma sisebenzisa injini ye-volt 100. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zifundo zingaba ngaphansi kwama-ohms angu-170, isibonelo, ngesifunda esifushane sangaphakathi, ukufundwa kungaba ngaphansi kuka-170 ohms. Kodwa-ke, uma ama-windings wonakalisiwe, ukufundwa kufanele kube ngaphezu kwama-ohms ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa.

Kulesi sibonelo esingenhla, sisebenzise injini engu-100V. Kodwa uma kuziwa kwamanye amamotho, kuzodingeka wazi amanani abaliwe kuye ngemodeli. Zama ukusesha ku-inthanethi noma ubuze umkhiqizi. Bese uqhathanisa amanani amabili. (2)

Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma injini ingaphumeleli ezivivinyweni ezingenhla?

Uma injini yakho yehluleka lezi zivivinyo, khona-ke kukhona okungalungile ngayo. Isizathu salolu daba kungaba injini embi noma izingxenye ezinephutha njenge; ama-relay amabi, amaswishi, izintambo noma i-voltage engalungile. Noma ngabe yisiphi isizathu, unenjini enephutha.

Nokho, kuye ngokuhlolwa ngakunye, izixazululo zingahluka. Isibonelo, uma injini yehluleka ukuhlolwa kwe-1, inkinga iku-wiring noma ama-capacitor. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma injini yehluleka ukuhlolwa kwe-2, inkinga ikusixhumanisi noma ikhebula. Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okuhle, nansi inkomba elula.

Uma injini ihluleka Test 1Ungase udinge ukushintsha i-wiring nama-capacitor.

Uma injini ihluleka Test 2ungase udinge ukushintsha isixhumi nekhebula.

Uma injini ihluleka Test 03ungase udinge ukushintsha injini.

Izinkinga zemishini ezifana nebheyili yebhola ehlulekile zingaphazamisa injini yakho. Lesi simo senzeka ngenxa yomthwalo we-axial noma i-radial ngokweqile. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi uhlole lezi zinhlobo zezinkinga. Ngakho, landela lezi zinyathelo.

Isinyathelo se-1: Okokuqala, khipha gearbox kanye motor.

Isinyathelo se-2: Bese uphendulela i-shaft ngokwewashi nangokuphikisana newashi.

Isinyathelo se-3: Uma uzwa ukungqubuzana okungavamile noma umsindo njengoba i-shaft ijikeleza, lokhu kuyinkomba yokungahambi kahle noma ukulimala. Kulokhu, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ushintshe injini.

Ukufingqa

Lezi zindlela ezintathu ziyizixazululo ezingcono kakhulu zokuhlola ama-motor kagesi. Uma ulandela lezi zinyathelo ngendlela efanele, ungakwazi ukunquma isimo sanoma iyiphi injini. Nokho, uma usenokungabaza, zizwe ukhululekile ukuphinda ubuyekeze lesi sihloko. 

Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.

• Ungayihlola kanjani i-fan motor nge-multimeter
• Ungayifunda kanjani i-multimeter ye-analog
• Uhlolojikelele lwe-multimeter ye-Power Probe

Izincomo

(1) umdwebo - https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/d/diagram.htm

(2) I-inthanethi - https://www.livescience.com/20727-internet-history.html