Ungahlola kanjani ubuqotho nge-multimeter

Ukusebenza kulo mkhakha, ngafunda ukuthi i-multimeter ibalulekile. Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu i-multimeter ukuhlola ukuqhubeka. Esimeni lapho ubungazi, ukuhlolwa kokuqhubeka kubalulekile njengoba kuhlola ukuthi intambo noma iluphu ku-PCB iphukile yini.

Noma yimuphi uchwepheshe kagesi we-DYIR'er kufanele afunde ukwenza ukuhlolwa kokuqhubeka nge-multimeter engasetshenziswa ukuhlola izingxenye zikagesi nokujikeleza ngezindlela eziyisigidi ezahlukene. Landela imiyalelo ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungahlola kanjani ukuqhubeka nge-multimeter.

Ukulungiselelwa kwe-Multimeter

Hambisa ukudayela kwe-multimeter kumsebenzi wokuhlola ukuqhubeka ukuze usebenzise umsebenzi wokuhlola ukuqhubeka we-multimeter. Kufanele uzwe ibhiphu ecacile lapho ikhithi ye-multimeter iholela ukuthintana. Ngaphambi kokuhlola, thintanani ngobumnene amathiphu bese nilalela ibhiphu. Kufanele wenze lokhu ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi umsebenzi wokuhlola ukuqhubeka kwe-multimeter usebenza kahle.

Ukuhlola ukuqhubeka

Ukuhlolwa kokuqhubekayo kunquma ukuthi izinto ezimbili zixhumeke ngogesi yini: uma kunjalo, ukushajwa kukagesi kungageleza ngokukhululekile ukusuka endaweni eyodwa ukuya kwenye. (1)

Kukhona ikhefu endaweni ethile ocingweni uma kungekho ukuqhubeka. Lokhu kungase kube ngenxa ye-fuse eyonakele, uku-solder kahle, noma izintambo zesekethe ezingalungile.

Manje, ukuze uhlole kahle ukuqhubeka, yenza okulandelayo:

1. Okokuqala qiniseka ukuthi awekho amandla asebenza kusekethe noma idivayisi ofuna ukuyihlola. Susa wonke amabhethri, wavale futhi uwakhiphe odongeni.
2. Xhuma intambo emnyama embobeni ye-COM ye-multimeter. Futhi kufanele ufake i-probe ebomvu embotsheni ye-VΩmA.
3. Setha i-multimeter ukuze ulinganise ukuqhubeka futhi uyivule. Ngokuvamile kubukeka njengesithonjana somsindo wegagasi.
4. Kufanele ubeke i-probe eyodwa ekugcineni ngakunye kwesekhethi noma idivayisi ofisa ukuyihlola ukuze iqhubeke.
5. Bese ulinda imiphumela.

Ukuqonda Imiphumela Yokuhlolwa Okuqhubekayo

I-multimeter ijova i-current encane nge-probe eyodwa bese ihlola ukuthi enye i-probe iyayithola yini.

Akunandaba ukuthi iyiphi i-probe efinyelela kuliphi iphuzu ngoba ukulinganisa kokuqhubeka akuqondile, nokho kukhona okuhlukile, isibonelo uma isifunda sakho sine-diode. I-diode ifana ne-valve kagesi yendlela eyodwa ngoba ibonisa ukuqhubeka endaweni eyodwa kodwa hhayi kwenye.

Amandla okuhlola adlula uma ama-probe exhunywe kumjikelezo oqhubekayo noma ethintana ngokuqondile. Ama-beeps we-multimeter nesibonisi sibonisa uziro (noma eduze noziro). Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunomqondo wokuqhubeka.

Akukho ukuqhubeka uma amandla okuhlola engabonwa. Isibonisi kufanele sibonise i-1 noma i-OL (i-loop evulekile).

Qaphela. Imodi ethile yokuqhubeka ayitholakali kuwo wonke ama-multimeters. Nokho, usengasebenzisa ukuhlolwa kokuqhubeka uma i-multimeter yakho ingenayo imodi yokuhlola yokuqhubeka ethile.

Kunalokho, ungasebenzisa imodi yokumelana. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuchazwa ngophawu Ohm (Ohm). Ungakhohlwa ukusetha ubuso bewashi kusilungiselelo esiphansi kakhulu.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage

Lapho uhlaziya ukusebenza kwamasekethe kagesi nawe-elekthronikhi, noma uzama ukuthola ukuthi kungani isekethe ingasebenzi kahle, udinga ukulandelela amazinga ahlukahlukene kagesi. 

1. Xhuma intambo emnyama embobeni ye-COM ye-multimeter. Faka i-probe ebomvu embobeni ye-VΩmA.
2. Setha ukudayela kwe-multimeter kumodi ye-voltage engashintshi (ekhonjiswa ngu-V ngomugqa oqondile noma uphawu ⎓).
3. Itheminali ephozithivu kufanele ixhumane ne-probe ebomvu, kuyilapho itheminali enegethivu kufanele futhi ithinte i-probe emnyama.
4. Bese ulinda umphumela.

Ukuqonda Imiphumela Yokuhlola I-Voltage

Nakuba ama-multimeters amaningi engenalo ibanga elizenzakalelayo, kuzodingeka ukuthi ukhethe mathupha ububanzi obufanele ugesi olinganiswayo.

I-voltage ephezulu engalinganisa ifakwe ohlwini endaweni ngayinye odayelini. Sebenzisa izinga lama-volt angu-20, isibonelo, uma uhlose ukukala ama-volts angaphezu kwama-2 kodwa angaphansi kwama-20.

Uma ungaqiniseki, khetha inani eliphezulu kakhulu. Nokho, ungase ungatholi isilinganiso esinembile uma ububanzi bakho busethwe phezulu kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-multimeter izovele ibonise u-1 noma i-OL uma usetha ububanzi buphansi kakhulu, okusho ukuthi bugcwele kakhulu noma buphumile ebangeni. Lokhu ngeke kulimaze i-multimeter, kodwa sidinga ukwandisa ububanzi odongeni.

Ukuphequlula ama-probe ngeke kukulimaze; lokhu kuzophumela kuphela ekufundeni okungekuhle.

Ukuhlolwa kokumelana

Ukugeleza kwamandla okusetshenziswe kumjikelezo kusetshenziselwa ukubala ukumelana. Lapho ukugeleza kwamanje kumjikelezo ngaphansi kokuhlolwa, i-voltage (ukumelana) iyakhiwa. Ungayisebenzisa ukuze uthole ukuthi isekethe noma ingxenye isebenza kahle kangakanani. Uma uphansi wamanje, ungcono kakhulu ukumelana, futhi okuphambene nalokho.

Khumbula ukuthi uzobe uhlola ukumelana kwayo yonke isifunda. Uma ufuna ukuhlola ingxenye eyodwa, njenge-resistor, yenza kanjalo ngaphandle kwe-soldering.

Qhubeka ufunda njengoba ngikutshela indlela yokuhlola ukumelana ne-multimeter:

1. Qiniseka ukuthi amandla awadluli kumjikelezo noma ingxenye ofuna ukuyihlola kuqala. Thatha noma yimaphi amabhethri, uwavale futhi uwakhiphe odongeni.
2. Xhuma intambo emnyama embobeni ye-COM ye-multimeter. Faka i-probe ebomvu embobeni ye-VΩmA.
3. Setha i-multimeter kumsebenzi wokumelana bese uyivula.
4. I-probe eyodwa kufanele ifakwe ekugcineni kwesekhethi noma ingxenye ofisa ukuyihlola.

Ukuqonda Imiphumela Yokuhlolwa Kokumelana

Ukumelana nokungaqondile; ngakho-ke, akunandaba ukuthi iyiphi i-probe eya lapho.

I-multimeter ivele ifunde u-1 noma i-OL uma uyibeke kububanzi obuphansi, okusho ukuthi igcwele kakhulu noma ayikho ebangeni. Lokhu ngeke kuthinte i-multimeter, kodwa kuzodingeka sikhulise uhla lokudayela.

Okunye okungenzeka ukuthi inethiwekhi noma idivayisi oyihlolayo ayinakho ukuqhubeka, okusho ukuthi inokumelana okungapheli. Uxhumano lwesikhashana luzohlala lubonisa u-1 noma i-OL lapho kuhlolwa ukumelana.

Ukuphepha

Ukulinganisa ukuqhubeka kulula, kodwa ungakuvumeli lokho kube lula kuphazamise ukuphepha kwakho. Ukuze uzivikele ekushayweni futhi uvikele i-multimeter emonakalweni, landela le mihlahlandlela:

• Gqoka njalo amagilavu ​​okuzivikela ekhwalithi enhle uma usebenzisa i-multimeter.
• Vala ithuluzi njalo uma ukala ukuqhubeka.
• Uma ukuhlola ukuqhubeka kuwumsebenzi wakho ojwayelekile, qiniseka ukuthi uwashintsha njalo amabhethri akho e-multimeter. Umsindo obhuzayo wehlisa amandla ebhethri ngokushesha. (2)

Ungathola eminye imihlahlandlela yokuhlola i-multimeter ohlwini olungezansi;

• Ungakala kanjani ama-amps nge-multimeter
• Indlela yokuthola isifunda esifushane nge-multimeter
• Ungakala kanjani i-DC voltage nge-multimeter

Izincomo

(1) ukushaja kagesi - https://www.livescience.com/53144-electric-charge.html

(2) amandla ebhethri - http://www2.eng.cam.ac.uk/~dmh/ptialcd/

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