Ungahlola kanjani iphampu yamafutha? - ukuzihlola

Iphampu kaphethiloli yemoto ingabizwa ngaphandle kwehaba enye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu, ngoba iqinisekisa ukutholakala okufanayo kwamafutha enjini. Vumelana ukuthi ngaphandle kwemininingwane ebaluleke kangaka, ukushayela imoto kungaba yinkinga.

Ngaphambilini, esikhundleni sepompo likaphethiloli, kwakusetshenziswa amapayipi alula, asebenza ngokuvumelana nomthetho owaziwayo wemikhumbi ye-Archimedes yokuxhumana, futhi lokhu kwenza izinguquko ezinkulu kokubili ekwakhiweni kwemoto kanye nekhwalithi yokugibela - ingcindezi. ohlelweni akukwazanga ukulawulwa.

Okwamanje kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamaphampu kaphethiloli asetshenziswayo:

i-mechanical;
kagesi.

Uhlobo lokuqala lusetshenziswa ezinjini ze-carburetor futhi umsebenzi walo oyinhloko ukugcina ingcindezi eqhubekayo ohlelweni lukaphethiloli. Ezikagesi zithuthuke kakhulu, zifakwa ezimotweni ezine-injector, umfutho nomthamo kaphethiloli ongena enjinini zilawulwa kusetshenziswa izinzwa zikagesi.

Njengoba abashayeli abanolwazi bethi, iphampu yamafutha ingasebenza ngezindlela ezimbili:

imisebenzi;
ayisebenzi.

Yiqiniso, lokhu kuyihlaya. Kungenzeka ukwengeza isigaba esiphakathi - "imisebenzi, kodwa kabi". Ivezwa ngakuphi?

Izimpawu zephampu yamafutha ehlulekile

Kulula ukuqagela ukuthi uma iphampu yegesi iqala ukusebenza ngezikhathi ezithile, izinkinga zizoba zimbi kakhulu - uphethiloli ngeke unikezwe ohlelweni ngendlela efanele. Ngenxa yalokho, ngenkathi sishayela singalindela lezimanga ezilandelayo:

izinkinga ngokuqala - uma ucindezela igesi, ama-dips azwakala, ukudonsa kuyanyamalala, bese kuvela ngokuzumayo, imoto "ilulaza";
imoto iqala kusukela okwesibili noma okwesithathu, nakuba isiqalisi sisebenza ngokujwayelekile;
ngesivinini esikhulu, imoto iyanyakaza - ukunikezwa okungalingani kukaphethiloli kuthinta;
ukulahlekelwa ukudonsa;
izitebele zenjini uma ucindezela igesi - lesi yisigaba sokugcina lapho iphampu yamafutha ingasebenzi ngempela.

Yini ebangela zonke lezi zinkinga? Iphampu ayisebenzi, noma isihlungi sikaphethiloli sivalekile.

Ungahlola kanjani iphampu yamafutha? - ukuzihlola

Isihlungi sikaphethiloli siyinkinga ehlukile, cishe kuzo zonke izinhlelo zimi ngemuva kwepompo likaphethiloli, ngokulandelana, uphethiloli ongaphenduliwe udlula epompo, okungenzeka ukuthi iqukethe inani elikhulu lezinhlayiya ezincane zemishini.

Futhi nakuba izinkinga ezinjalo zingezona ezimbi ngepompo likaphethiloli, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi zisabonakala - ukucindezela kwamaconsi kaphethiloli, ipompo isebenza ngomsindo.

Lokhu kushiwo ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi injini iqala - i-starter ithatha ingxenye yengonyama yamandla ebhethri, i-voltage kunethiwekhi yehla, iphampu egugile ayikwazi ukunikeza ukugeleza kwamafutha okwanele. Ngenxa yalokhu, injini iyancipha.

Ukuhlola iphampu yamafutha - ukuxilonga izinkinga

Ungahlola iphampu yamafutha ngezindlela ezahlukene: ukuhlolwa kwangaphandle, ukulinganisa ingcindezi ohlelweni lukaphethiloli, usebenzisa umhloli noma isibani sokukhanya - ukukhetha kuncike kuhlobo lwepompo.

Ukuhlola kwangaphandle kungasetshenziswa kuphela emishinini ye-carburetor, ngoba inepompo likaphethiloli elifakwe ngaphandle kwethangi. Kumele kushiwo ukuthi ezimotweni ezinjalo kungase kube namaphampu amabili okusebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene. Zingatholakala kokubili ngaphansi kwe-hood futhi ngokuqondile endaweni yethangi legesi.

Uma ngesikhathi sokuhlola okubukwayo uthola ukuthi kukhona ukuvuza kwamafutha, ungakwazi ukuhogela uphethiloli, khona-ke lokhu kungase kubonise ukugqoka kuma-gaskets. Kulokhu, uzodinga ikhithi yokulungisa, kanye nesethi yamathuluzi okudiliza iphampu nokuyiqaqa. Izinto ezilandelayo zingashintshwa:

isihlungi se-kapron mesh;
ama-valve okumunca kanye nokukhipha - ahlolwa ngokunikeza umoya endaweni yokukhipha ipompo, ama-valve asebenzisekayo akufanele avumele umoya ukuba udlule;
umhlangano we-diaphragm kanye nentwasahlobo ebacindezelayo - ama-diaphragms akumele angonakaliswe, intwasahlobo kufanele ibe nokunwebeka;
i-pusher - akufanele yonakaliswe futhi ibe lukhuni.

Ukucindezela kuhlolwa kusetshenziswa i-gauge yokucindezela, exhunywe kumzila kaphethiloli, futhi ukudayela kwegeji yokucindezela kukhishwa ku-windshield.

Njengoba injini isebenza ngokungenzi lutho, ukufundwa kwegeji yokucindezela kuyahlolwa - kufanele kuhambisane nedatha evela emiyalweni - 300-380 kPa. Leli nani kufanele lihlale lizinzile ngenkathi ushayela. Zama ukusheshisa isivinini sesithathu futhi ubone ukuthi ukufundwa kwegeji yokucindezela kushintshile - uma kwehla, khona-ke ipompo ayigcini izinga lokucindezela elifunayo.

Ungahlola kanjani iphampu yamafutha? - ukuzihlola

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingcindezi ohlelweni ingase yehle ngenxa yokuvuza kukaphethiloli emapayipini kaphethiloli. Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kokuvuza kuyodingeka. Izinkinga ezinjalo zilungiswa ngokufaka amapayipi, izihlungi, njalonjalo.

Inkinga ingase ibe ukuthi i-pump relay ayisebenzi kahle. Ungayihlola ngokuxhuma izixhumi ze-bulb noma nge-screwdriver enenkomba. Lapho ukuthungela kuvuliwe, inkomba iyakhanyisa - kusho ukuthi inkinga ayikho kupompo likaphethiloli.

Ungenza ukuhlola okunjalo ngokwakho, noma kunjalo, ezinsizeni ezikhethekile, ochwepheshe bazokwazi ukuxilonga noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka ngaphandle kwezinkinga, ngoba i-traction ingawa futhi injini izitebhisi hhayi kuphela ngenxa yezinkinga ngepompo likaphethiloli.

Kule vidiyo, uzofunda ukuthi kungani iphampu ingampompi, kanye nendlela yokuxazulula izinkinga ezihlobene nayo usebenzisa izibonelo ezithile.