Ungahlola kanjani i-antifreeze nge-refractometer?
Okuqukethwe
Umgomo wokusebenza kanye nezigaba
I-refractometer isebenza ngesimiso sokuphindaphinda: lapho imisebe yokukhanya idlula isuka kolunye uketshezi iye kwenye, igoba ngama-engeli ahlukene emgqeni ovamile phakathi kwemidiya emibili. I-angle ye-refraction incike ekubunjweni kwe-medium kanye nezinga lokushisa. Njengoba ukuhlangana kwenhlanganisela ethile esixazululweni kukhula, kanjalo nezinga lokugoba lomugqa wokukhanya. Isilinganiso salokhu kuphikisa sinquma izici ezibonakalayo zoketshezi, ikakhulukazi, ukuminyana kwalo. Uketshezi oluminyene kunamanzi (lune-gravity ethize ephakeme) luvame ukugoba ukukhanya ngeprism ngokuqine kakhulu kunoketshezi lokuminyana okuphansi. Ngokuvamile, ukuhlolwa okunjalo kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ezishisayo, ngoba izinga lokushisa lithinta kakhulu i-angle ye-refraction.
Uma useva imoto, kubalulekile ukukala indawo ebanda kakhulu yesibandisi senjini, ikakhulukazi uma isihlanganiswe namanzi. I-antifreeze refractometer isiza ukunquma ikhwalithi yesipholisa. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi ukwakheka kwe-antifreeze okulungile kuhlala kusesimweni se-liquid ngisho nasesimweni sezulu esibanda kakhulu, injini izohlala ivikelekile ngokuthembekile.
Ama-refractometer ahlukaniswa ngokwezimpawu ezimbili:
- Ngokwendlela yokubala imiphumela yokulinganisa. Izinsimbi zezinhlobo zedijithali ne-analog ziyakhiqizwa. Okokuqala, inkomba oyifunayo iboniswa esikrinini sokubonisa, okwesibili, umphumela wokulinganisa uthathwa esikalini sedijithali. I-antifreeze refractometers iwuhlobo lwe-analog ikakhulukazi: ishibhile futhi ihlangene kakhulu, futhi ukufunda okunembayo okuphezulu kakhulu akudingeki ezimweni eziningi.
- Ngokuqokwa. Kukhona ama-refractometer ezokwelapha kanye nezobuchwepheshe. Imishini yezokwelapha ingamadivayisi akhethekile, kuyilapho ezobuchwepheshe ziguquguquka kakhulu: enkonzweni yemoto, isibonelo, zingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ukucacisa ikhwalithi ye-antifreeze, kodwa futhi nokuhlola ukuminyana kwe-electrolyte kumabhethri.
Kukhona futhi ama-refractometer amile kanye namaselula. Amadivayisi esenzo esimile afana nesibonakhulu ngokubukeka, futhi ahlinzekwa aphelele ngezikali. Ibhalansi iyalinganiswa ukuze ifunde inani lepharamitha elifiswayo, elenza inqubo yokulinganisa ibe lula.
Idivayisi ye-refractometer kanye nokulungiselela umsebenzi
Idivayisi iqukethe izingxenye ezilandelayo:
- Izindlu zepulasitiki ezihlala isikhathi eside.
- I-refractometer yangempela.
- Ukuhlanza ama-wipes.
- Isethi yamashubhu okumunca (imvamisa amathathu)
- I-screwdriver yokulinganisa.
Ukuguquguquka kwe-refractometer kuqinisekiswa amandla okwenza izilinganiso ezilandelayo:
- Ukulinganisa izinga lokushisa lephoyinti eliqandayo le-antifreeze yezimoto ngokusekelwe ku-ethylene glycol noma i-propylene glycol.
- Ukunquma amandla adonsela phansi athile e-asidi yebhethri kanye nokuthola ulwazi lokusebenza mayelana nesimo sokushajwa kwebhethri.
- Ukulinganisa ukwakheka kwe-ethanol noma i-isopropyl alcohol esekelwe uketshezi olusetshenziswa njengewasha lomoya.
Ukufundwa kwezinkomba kwenziwa esikalini, ngasinye esihloselwe uhlobo oluthile loketshezi. I-antifreeze refractometer idinga ukulinganiswa ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kokuqala. Ngale njongo, kusetshenziswa amanzi kampompi, lapho inkomba yesikali kufanele ibe ngu-0.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-refractometer optical?
Ukulandelana kwezinyathelo okufanele zithathwe kuncike ohlotsheni lwe-refractometer. Uma usebenzisa i-analog refractometer, isampula lifakwa kukhava kanye ne-prism, bese libanjwa ekukhanyeni ukuze libuke isikali, esitholakala ngaphakathi kwekesi.
I-Digital refractometers idinga ukuthi iconsi lesixazululo sokuhlola lifakwe emthonjeni okhethekile. Lesi mgodi sikhanyiswa umthombo wokukhanya, ngokuvamile i-LED, futhi idivayisi yokulinganisa ihumusha ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kube inkomba ye-refractive noma kunoma iyiphi iyunithi ithuluzi eliyihlele ukuba lifundwe.
Ukuze uthole umphumela, kwanele ukubeka amaconsi angu-2 ... ama-4 oketshezi oluphenyiwe ku-prism noma kahle futhi ulungise ikhava - lokhu kuzothuthukisa ukunemba kokulinganisa, njengoba uketshezi luzosatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo phezu kwe-prism. Bese (ngensimbi yokubona) khomba ingxenye yeprism ye-refractometer emthonjeni wokukhanya futhi ugxilise i-eyepiece kuze kube yilapho isikali sibonakala ngokucacile.
Isikali sifundwa endaweni lapho kuhlangana khona izindawo ezimnyama nezikhanyayo. Nge-refractometer yedijithali, umphumela owufunayo uboniswa ngemva kwemizuzwana embalwa esibukweni.
Izinga lokushisa eliyisithenjwa lezilinganiso ngu-200C, nakuba isinxephezelo esizenzakalelayo siklanyelwe uhla 0...300C. Ubude be-refractometer abukho ngaphezu kwe-160 ... 200 mm. Kufanele igcinwe yomile futhi ihlanzekile.
I-antifreeze refractometer ifaneleka ukunquma ukugcwala kwamafutha okugcoba uma ama-indices awo e-refractive angaphakathi kwebanga lobuchwepheshe lale divayisi. Ukwenza lokhu, umdwebo we-Brix ulungiswa kuqala futhi amanani atholiwe aguqulwa abe inkomba yokuminyana kwendawo elinganisiwe.
