Ungalihlola kanjani ibhethri lemoto ukuthi lisebenza kanjani? Umhloli, i-multimeter futhi ngaphandle kwamadivayisi
Ibhethri iyisici esibalulekile semoto. Ngokwesilinganiso, impilo yayo yesevisi iyiminyaka emine noma ngaphezulu. Ukuqinisekisa impilo yebhethri ende kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, kuyadingeka ukuhlola njalo ukusebenza kwayo. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kokubili ngesikhathi sokuthenga (isheke langaphambi kokudayiswa) lapho kukhishwa isiqinisekiso, futhi ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa okuhleliwe noma uma kukhona izinkinga ngokuqalisa injini zitholwa.
Isilinganiso sokuminyana kwe-Electrolyte
Indlela elula yokuhlola impilo yebhethri ukukala ukuminyana kanye nezinga le-electrolyte. Sesivele sicubungule inkinga yokuminyana kwe-electrolyte ngokuningiliziwe ku-Vodi.su ezihlokweni ezedlule. Siphawula amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu kuphela.
Kungenzeka ukuhlola ukuminyana kuphela kumabhethri anesevisi noma asetshenziswe kancane, njengoba anamapulaki akhethekile okungathelwa kuwo amanzi acwecwe lapho i-electrolyte ibilisa. Ngaphakathi kwamathini ngalinye uzobona amapuleti namamaki ukuhlola izinga. Amapuleti kufanele ahlanganiswe ngokulinganayo nge-electrolyte. Ukubilisa ngokushesha koketshezi kungase kubonise izinkinga nge-relay regulator. Uma izinga liphezulu kakhulu, uketshezi lungamane luchaphaze. Kungenzeka futhi ukwakha amagesi angabangela ukuthi ibhethri liqhume.
Hlola ukuminyana usebenzisa i-aerometer - i-flask enepheya ekugcineni kanye ne-float ngaphakathi. Ukuphela okuncane kufakwe kwelinye lamapulaki futhi i-electrolyte idonselwa ngaphakathi futhi ibheke isikali sokuntanta. E-Russia, ukuminyana okuphelele ngu-1,27 g/cm3 ngenkathi efudumele kanye no-1,28 g/cm3 ebusika. Ukuminyana kufanele kufane kuwo wonke amabhange. Uma iphansi kakhulu noma iphezulu, lokhu kukhombisa ukukhishwa noma ukushajwa ngokweqile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uhlola ukuminyana, ungahlola isimo se-electrolyte - kufanele ibe sobala ngaphandle kokungcola.
Ihlola nge-multimeter
I-multimeter iyithuluzi elifiselekayo kunoma yimuphi umshayeli ukuthi alithenge. Leli thuluzi likala i-voltage kumatheminali. Ukuhlolwa kungenziwa kokubili injini isebenza futhi injini icishiwe.
Uma sikhuluma ngokuxilonga ngaphambi kokuthengisa esitolo, ngokuvamile wonke amabhethri aphuma efekthri ashajwe ngamaphesenti angu-80. Kodwa ngisho lokhu voltage kwanele ngempela ukuqalisa injini, futhi ibhethri isivele kabusha kusukela generator ngenkathi ushayela.
Uma injini icishiwe, i-voltage kumatheminali kufanele ibonise ama-Volts angu-12,5-13. Ukuze uqalise injini, 50% of charge (cishe 12 volts) kufanele kwanele. Uma le nkomba iphansi, lokhu kubonisa ukukhishwa, kungase kudingeke ukuthi uyikhanyise kwenye imoto. Uma injini icishiwe, kungcono ukukala i-voltage ngaphambi kohambo, hhayi ngemva kwayo, ngoba izinombolo zingahluka kakhulu, okuzoholela eziphethweni ezingalungile.
Njengoba injini isebenza, i-voltage evamile iphakathi kuka-13 no-14 volts. Izinombolo zingase zibe phezulu, lapho lokho kusho ukuthi ngemva kohambo olude ibhethri liyaphela, futhi ijeneretha isebenza ngemodi ethuthukisiwe. Ngokufanelekile, ngemuva kwemizuzu emi-5-10, i-voltage kufanele yehle ibe ngu-13-14 V.
Uma i-voltage ingaphansi kwe-13 V, lokhu kuwubufakazi bokuthi ibhethri ayishajiwe ngokugcwele. Nakuba, ukuze uthole idatha enembile, bonke abathengi bakagesi kufanele bacishwe - izibani, umsakazo, ukulawulwa kwesimo sezulu, njll. Ngendlela, ezinsizeni zemoto, ngokuvula nokuvala abathengi, ukuvuza kwamanje kungabonwa. Okusho ukuthi, uma i-multimeter ibonisa i-14 V uma i-motor ivuliwe, ukhanyisa izibani, i-backlight, njalonjalo. Okufanelekile, i-voltage kufanele yehle ngo-0,1-0,2 V. Kodwa uma, nabo bonke abathengi bevuliwe, i-voltage yehla ngaphansi kwe-13 V, khona-ke kunezinkinga ngamabhulashi e-generator.
Futhi, ku-voltage ephansi enenjini esebenzayo, kufanele unake isimo samatheminali noxhumana nabo - lapho be-oxidized, i-voltage yehla kakhulu. Ungawahlanza ngesisombululo se-soda kanye ne-sandpaper.
Layisha imfoloko
Ipulaki yokulayisha iyisisetshenziswa sokulinganisa esikwazi ukulingisa umthwalo kubhethri odalwe lapho injini iqaliswa. Ushintsho ku-voltage luyaboniswa. Uma uthenga ibhethri elisha esitolo, umdayisi unesibopho sokulihlola ngepulaki yokulayisha, kuyilapho kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi wonke amapulaki (uma ekhona) angakulungi.
Uma ibhethri inephutha, khona-ke lapho umthwalo usetshenziswa, i-electrolyte izoqala ngokoqobo ukubilisa kwelinye lamathini futhi iphunga elimuncu lesici lizosabalala. Umcibisholo obonisa i-voltage akufanele uwe. Uma konke lokhu kwenzeka, udinga ukushintshwa kwebhethri.
Okufanelekile, uma uxhuma ipulaki yokulayisha ebhethrini, isikrini kufanele sibonise i-voltage okungenani engu-12 volts. Uma iphansi, kufanelekile ukucacisa usuku lokukhiqiza kanye nempilo yeshalofu yebhethri esitolo. Idethi yokukhiqiza igxivizwa kunombolo yomkhiqizo. Uma umthwalo usetshenziswa, i-voltage iyashintsha isuka ku-12 V iye ku-10 futhi ihlala kuleli zinga. Akudingekile ukufaka umthwalo ngaphezu kwamasekhondi angu-5. Uma ibhethri ishajwe ngokugcwele, kodwa i-voltage yehla ngaphansi kwe-9 V lapho umthwalo usetshenziswa, khona-ke ngeke ikwazi ukunikeza isiqalo samanje ukuqala injini.
Iyalayisha...
