Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuqhwalela kukaphethiloli we-diesel nokuthi ungawuncibilikisa kanjani
Okuqukethwe
Labo abashayela izinjini zikaphethiloli ezindaweni ezibandayo ezipholile abacabangi ngezinkinga zokushisa kukaphethiloli. Kodwa udizili ungenye indaba. Uma ungakunaki ukushintshwa kwesizini kukaphethiloli we-diesel, lapho isimo sezulu esibandayo siqala, ungakwazi ukumisa imoto ngokushesha futhi unomphela.
Uphethiloli we-diesel ezingeni lokushisa elingalungile uzoyeka ukupompa futhi uvale ngokuqinile wonke amashaneli emishini kaphethiloli.
Izici zamafutha e-diesel ehlobo
Amadigri ambalwa nje ngaphansi kukaziro azoshintsha uphethiloli wedizili ehlobo ube into ebukekayo, lapho upharafini ezoqala ukuwa khona.
Ngokweqile, uma uphethiloli uhlangabezana nezindinganiso, kufanele udlule esihlungini ukuya ku--8 degrees. Kodwa ekusebenzeni, kuyoba cishe engasebenziseki futhi izoqala ukuvala ama-pores akhe kakade -5. Ezitimeleni zasehlobo, lokhu kuvamile, kodwa kuyingozi ekusebenzeni kwemoto.
Isihlungi sizohluleka kuqala. Lokhu kwanele ukumisa injini. Kodwa amadiphozithi afanayo azoba kuwo wonke umugqa, ku-tank, amapayipi, amaphampu nama-nozzles.
Ngisho nokufudumeza uhlelo lokuvuselela injini nokushintsha uphethiloli kadizili kuzoba nzima kakhulu. Kubanda, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izici zezulu zesifunda, uphethiloli we-diesel wasebusika kufanele usetshenziswe. Inkinga izovela ngaphandle kwesixwayiso, ngakho-ke udinga ukunakekela imoto kusengaphambili.
Iphuzu lokuqanda
Ukwakheka okuqondile kukaphethiloli wedizili ngezinjongo ezihlukile zesizini akumisiwe. Zihluke ngokungaqondile ngobuningi (i-viscosity) ekushiseni okuthile. Izinhlobo zasebusika cishe zingaphansi kwe-viscous eyodwa nengxenye ukuya kabili.
Udizili wasehlobo
Uphethiloli wasehlobo ungcono futhi ushibhile kunawo wonke amanye, kodwa kuphela uma usetshenziswa ezimweni zezulu ezinokushisa okuhle. Ijiya ifinyelele embundwini wokuhlunga ngo -5 degrees.
Ngisho nangendlela yale nkomba, uphethiloli usuvele uguqubele futhi uqale ukwakha imvula. Ezinhlelweni zanamuhla zamandla, lapho yonke into yakhelwe uphethiloli ohlanzeke ngokuphelele onemingcele eqinile ngokomzimba, ngisho nokubukeka okuncane kokungcola okuqinile noma okufana nejeli okungancibiliki akwamukeleki.
Akukona ngisho mayelana nokuqandisa. Uma injini ima ngenxa yokwephulwa kokwakheka kwengxube, khona-ke uphethiloli we-diesel awufaneleki neze, ngakho-ke akunangqondo ukukhuluma ngokuguqulwa okuphelele kwesigaba esiqinile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kukaphethiloli ngama-fractions kuncike kakhulu ku-feedstock kanye nobuchwepheshe bomkhiqizi, futhi imiphumela iyesabisa, ngakho-ke, emazingeni okushisa acishe abe yi-zero, leli banga alamukeleki ngokwengxenye ukusetshenziswa. Ngisho nokushisa ngemigqa yokubuya ngeke kusindise, isizukulwane sokushisa lapho sincane, futhi inqwaba yamafutha edizili ethangini inkulu.
Uphethiloli we-Demi-season
Ibanga eliphakathi nendawo, elibizwa ngokuthi i-off-season ngokuya nge-GOST, livumela ukupholisa embundwini wokuhlunga ongafika ku--15 degrees. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izici eziwusizo zophethiloli we-diesel ehlobo zigcinwa, ikakhulukazi, inombolo ye-cetane, ebalulekile ekunciphiseni umjikelezo wokusebenza wezinjini ze-diesel ezilayishiwe ezine-turbocharged ezinezinga eliphezulu lokugcwalisa nokuqina kwamandla.
Izikolo zebanga lezentengiso ngokuvamile zihlangatshezwana nemajini ethile, kodwa unganciki kulokho. Uma kuqhathaniswa, lokhu kubasela ezifundeni eziseningizimu ezinobusika bazo obuncane, kodwa obungabikezeli ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Isibonelo, amazinga okushisa aphezulu angabonwa lapho emini, lapho kufiseleka ukondla idizili ngophethiloli wekhwalithi ephezulu, kepha kunengozi yokuyifiphaza ngokwakhiwa kwenhlabathi kanye nokulimala kwezihlungi phakathi nesithwathwa esincane ebusuku.
Uphethiloli wedizili wasebusika
Izinhlobo zasebusika zizizwa ziqiniseka emazingeni okushisa aphansi kuze kufike ku-25-30 degrees, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ucabangela umklamo othize womkhiqizo.
Kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu uzoqina ngaphambi kokuba isihlungi siyeke ukusebenza ku -25, kanti abanye bazokhuthazela -35. Ngokuvamile umkhawulo othize wokusetshenziswa ukhonjiswe ekulebeni kwalolu hlobo lukaphethiloli, kufanele kwaziwe umshayeli osuka kusitifiketi.
Uma kuhlelwe ukusebenzisa imoto ye-diesel ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu ze-frost, khona-ke kuzodingeka ugcwalise kuphela uphethiloli wedizili we-arctic. Iyahlungwa ngokuya ngomkhiqizo kuze kufike ku--40 nangaphansi.
Kungase kwenzeke ukuthi ukupholisa kwendawo kuzodlula yonke imingcele enengqondo, kodwa ngokuvamile kubuchwepheshe bezimoto ezimweni ezinjalo kuthathwa izinyathelo ezikhethekile zokushisa ithangi kanye nesistimu kaphethiloli, futhi izinjini azivaliwe ebusika.
Indlela yokukhetha nokusebenzisa uphethiloli wedizili unyaka wonke
Akudingekile ukuba ukhathazeke ngamafutha ehlobo, kodwa ebusika kungcono ukukhetha uphethiloli we-diesel kuphela eziteshini zikaphethiloli zemikhiqizo emikhulu. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwabashayeli bezimoto kubonisa ukuthi uphethiloli we-diesel wasebusika wezohwebo ovela ezinkampanini ezaziwayo uhlangabezana nezidingo ze-GOST nge-margin enkulu.
Kufika ku -25 akukho nkinga nganoma yimuphi umkhiqizo inqobo nje uma kushiwo ukuthi usetshenziswa ebusika. Ngezansi kufanele usebenzise uphethiloli wedizili we-arctic kuphela, ngeke uze uguquguquke ufike ku -35.
Akufanele ukuthenga uphethiloli kubasabalalisi abancane ebusika, ngoba izakhiwo zayo zingashintsha ngokungalindelekile ngesikhathi sokugcina futhi lapho zixubene namathangi nezinsalela zamafutha ehlobo.
Kungenzeka yini ukushayela ebusika ngamafutha edizili ehlobo
Emakhazeni amakhulu, izivivinyo ezinjalo ngemoto yakho ezibizayo akwamukeleki. Kodwa ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kanye nokushisa okuncane okungalungile, ungakwazi ukwengeza ama-compounds akhethekile ethangini elinciphisa izinga lokushisa.
Ama-antigel anjalo avumela ukuthi ishintshe ngamadigri ambalwa, kodwa ayisekho. Kufanele uqale ufunde izici ezithile kanye nenqubo ezosetshenziswa ngokuya komkhiqizi. Futhi khumbula ukuthi lesi yisinyathelo sesikhashana kuphela.
Akwamukelekile manje ukuncibilikisa uphethiloli ngophalafini, nangaphezulu ngophethiloli, njengoba abashayeli bakudala benza ezinjinini ezindala. Kulezi zingxube, injini ngeke iphile isikhathi eside, izici zayo ezithile ziphakeme kakhulu, futhi yonke into isebenza eduze kwamandla okuqina.
Izimpawu zokuqandisa uphethiloli emotweni
Isibonakaliso sokuqala nesiyinhloko sokweqa umkhawulo wokumelana nophethiloli kusithwathwa kuzoba ukwehluleka kwenjini ukuqala. Ngeke nje ithole inani elifanele likadizili ukuze ivuthe futhi ihambe kahle.
Uma okokuqandisa kwaqala ohambweni, khona-ke injini ye-diesel izolahlekelwa ukudonsa, iqale ngokuphindwe kathathu futhi ngeke ikwazi ukuzungeza ijubane lokuzisholo.
Ngokubukeka, ukufiphala kukaphethiloli wedizili okuvamise ukuba sobala kuzobonakala, bese kuba imvula nokucwebezela. Isihlungi abazame ukuqalisa kuso injini ngophethiloli onjalo ngeke sisebenziseke futhi kufanele sishintshwe. Ukushayela kuphethiloli ongahlungiwe akwamukelekile.
Indlela yokunciphisa i-solar
Akusizi ukusebenzisa ama-anti-gels noma amanye ama-defrosting agents lapho i-precipitate isivele yakha kuphethiloli, ayihlungiwe futhi injini ingaqali. Ngeke nje bangene ezindaweni ezigcwele upharafini.
Ungazama ukushisa i-bottleneck ohlelweni lukaphethiloli - isihlungi. Ibhodlela likhona kwasekuqaleni. Kodwa zonke ezinye izindawo, okuhlanganisa ithangi likaphethiloli, nazo kuzodingeka zishiswe. Ngakho-ke, isinqumo sekhadinali sizoba ukufaka umshini ekamelweni elishisayo.
Okuningi kuncike enkingeni kanye nesimanjemanje semoto. Amaloli amadala ayefudunyezwa hhayi kuphela ngesomisi sezinwele, kodwa ngisho ne-blowtorch. Manje lokhu akwamukelekile.
Ezindleleni zabantu, kungenzeka ukuqaphela ukudalwa kohlobo lwe-plastic film greenhouse phezu kwemoto. Umoya oshisayo uvunguza kuwo usuka ku-heat gun. Ngesithwathwa esincane, indlela isebenza kahle, kodwa kuzodingeka uchithe isikhathi kanye nenani elikhulu likagesi.
Ifilimu ine-conductivity enhle yokushisa, nakuba ingavumeli umoya, ngakho-ke kungcono ukwakha indawo yokukhosela ngezingqimba eziningana.
