Ungawashintsha kanjani uwoyela ekudluliseni okuzenzakalelayo - indlela emile futhi eguquguqukayo
Cishe zonke izimoto ezifakwe ngesandla azidingi ukushintshwa kwamafutha phakathi nayo yonke impilo yesevisi. Isimo sihlukile endabeni yemishini ezenzakalelayo, lapho amafutha asetshenzisiwe kufanele ashintshwe ngomunye omusha ngemva kwemayela elithile noma ngokuhambisana nezincomo zomkhiqizi wemoto.
Nini esikhundleni?
Kuma-gearbox asendulo ane-torque converter (i-transformer), uwoyela kufanele ushintshwe ngokwesilinganiso njalo ngama-60. km yemoto. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isikhathi sokushintshwa sincike ekwakhiweni kokudluliselwa ngokwayo kanye nendlela imoto eqhutshwa ngayo, ngakho-ke ingenzeka kububanzi obusuka ku-30 ayizinkulungwane. kufika ku-90 km. Izitolo eziningi zokukhanda izimoto neziteshi zesevisi zisebenzisa izindlela ezimbili zokushintsha uwoyela wegiya: i-static kanye ne-dynamic.
Ungashintsha kanjani ngokwezibalo?
Lena indlela evame kakhulu yokushintsha uwoyela. Kubandakanya ukukhipha uwoyela ngamapulaki okukhipha amanzi noma ngepani likawoyela bese ulinda ukuthi ageleze aphume ebhokisini.
Izinzuzo kanye nobubi bendlela emile
Inzuzo yendlela ye-static ilula, ehlanganisa kuphela ukukhipha amafutha asetshenzisiwe. Kodwa-ke, ine-drawback enkulu: uma isetshenziswa, kuphela amaphesenti angama-50-60 ashintshwayo. inani lamafutha ku-gearbox. Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuxuba amafutha asetshenzisiwe namafutha amasha, okuholela ekuwohlokeni okuphawulekayo kwezakhiwo zamuva. Okuhlukile kulokhu kukhona izinhlobo ezindala zemishini ezenzakalelayo (isibonelo, efakwe kuMercedes). Isiguquli se-torque sine-drain plug evumela ukuthi izinguquko zikawoyela cishe ziphelele.
Ungashintsha kanjani nge-dynamically?
Indlela eguquguqukayo isebenza kahle kakhulu, kodwa futhi idla isikhathi esiningi. Ngemva kokukhipha uwoyela osetshenzisiwe, ngendlela efanayo nendlela emile, ipayipi lokubuyisela uwoyela liyakhishwa lisuka ku-oyili elipholile libheke ku-gearbox, ngemva kwalokho kufakwa i-adaptha enompompi ukuze ilawule uwoyela ogelezayo. Idivayisi yokugcwalisa ekhethekile (futhi ifakwe empompini) ifakwe entanyeni yokugcwalisa amafutha, lapho kuthululelwa khona amafutha egiya amasha. Ngemva kokuqala injini, wonke amagiya we-lever othomathikhi avulwa ngokulandelana kuze kuphume uwoyela ohlanzekile epayipini lerediyetha. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuvala injini, susa idivayisi yokugcwalisa bese uxhuma umugqa wokubuyisela kusuka ku-cooler yamafutha ku-gearbox. Isinyathelo sokugcina ukuqala kabusha injini futhi ekugcineni uhlole izinga likawoyela eyunithi ezenzakalelayo.
Izinzuzo kanye nebubi bendlela eguquguqukayo
Inzuzo yendlela eguquguqukayo ukuthi kungenzeka ukushintshwa okuphelele kwamafutha asetshenzisiwe ekudluliseni okuzenzakalelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ekudluliseni okuzenzakalelayo nge-converter ye-torque, kodwa futhi kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi. i-continuous variable (CVT) kanye ne-wet clutch dual clutch system. Kodwa-ke, ukushintshwa kwamafutha egiya asetshenzisiwe ngendlela eguquguqukayo kufanele kwenziwe ngobungcweti, ngaphandle kwalokho kungalimaza ipompo kanye nesiguquli se-torque. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwezihlanzi ezinamandla kakhulu (zingasetshenziswa nezinguquko zamafutha ashukumisayo) kuzolimaza (i-delamination) izintambo zokuvala isiguquli se-torque. Lezi zinyathelo ziphinde zibe nomthelela ekugugeni okusheshayo kwezingqimba zama-clutch namabhuleki futhi, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukuminya kwephampu.
