Indlela yokukhetha uwoyela wegiya ngophawu lwemoto

Uma ungayifakile ngeke uhambe. Lokhu kwakwaziwa endulo. Ezimotweni zanamuhla, lesi simiso sibaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili.

Ama-gearbox, izindlela zokuqondisa, ama-gearbox nezinye izinto zokuhambisa imoto zidinga ukugcotshwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze kusebenze okujwayelekile.

Akugcini nje ukunciphisa ukugqoka kwezingxenye zokuhlikihla, kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukudlidliza, umsindo, futhi kususa ukushisa okukhulu. Izithasiselo kuwoyela wegiya zinezakhiwo zokunqanda ukugqwala, zinciphisa ukucweba, futhi ziqinisekise ukuphepha kwamagaski enjoloba.

Amafutha okudlulisa asebenza isikhathi eside, kodwa futhi kancane kancane alahlekelwa izakhiwo zawo futhi adinga ushintsho, imvamisa yayo encike ekuguqulweni kokudluliselwa kanye nendlela yokusebenza yemoto.

Ukukhetha okungalungile kwamafutha kungaholela ekulimaleni ku-gearbox nakwezinye izingxenye zokuhambisa. Lapho ukhetha, kufanele uqale ucabangele uhlobo lokudluliswa okuzosetshenziswa kulo.

Ukuhlukaniswa kokusebenza

Okwamukelwe emhlabeni wonke, nakuba kungeyona yodwa, ukuhlukaniswa kwe-API yamafutha athuthukiswe yi-American Petroleum Institute. Ihlukanisa amagiya okuthambisa ukuze ahanjiswe ngesandla abe yiqoqo lamaqembu, kuye ngokusebenza, ubuningi kanye nekhwalithi yezithako.

• I-GL-1 - uwoyela wegiya ngaphandle kwezithasiselo;
• I-GL-2 - esetshenziswa kumagiya wezikelemu, ikakhulukazi emishinini yezolimo;
• I-GL-3 - yokuhambisa ngesandla nama-axles weloli, ayifanele amagiya e-hypoid;
• I-GL-4 - inengcindezi eyedlulele, i-antiwear nezinye izithasiselo, ezisetshenziselwa ukuhanjiswa kwezandla nezindlela zokuqondisa;
• I-GL-5 - yakhelwe ngokuyinhloko amagiya e-hypoid, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo zokudluliswa kwemishini nazo zingasetshenziswa uma zihlinzekwa yi-automaker.

Ukusetshenziswa kwento yokuhambisa amafutha yezinga eliphansi kunaleyo enqunywe umenzi wale modeli yemoto akwamukelekile. Ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela wesigaba esiphezulu ngokuvamile akunanzuzo ngenxa yomehluko omkhulu wentengo.

Ama-transmission amaningi esimanje avumelanisiwe kufanele asebenzise igrisi ye-GL-4. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ezimotweni ezidonsa ngamasondo angemuva nangaphambili.

Abakhiqizi bakawoyela baphinde bakhiqize izinto zokuthambisa ezisebenza emhlabeni wonke ukuze zisetshenziswe kuwo womabili amabhokisi avumelanisiwe nama-gearbox anamagiya e-hypoid. Ekuphawuleni kwabo kukhona inkomba ehambisanayo - GL-4 / GL-5.

Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokudlulisela okuzenzakalelayo - i-hydromechanical, variators, i-robotic. Amafutha kubo kufanele akhethwe ngokucabangela izici zokuklama. Kuzo, ayisebenzi nje kuphela njenge-lubricant, kodwa futhi isebenza njengohlobo lwe-hydraulic fluid ehlanganisa izakhi ze-gearbox komunye nomunye.

Kuzinto zokugcoba ezisetshenziswa ekuthumeni okuzenzakalelayo, amazinga e-API awasebenzi. Izakhiwo zabo zokusebenza zilawulwa yizindinganiso ze-ATF zabakhiqizi bokudlulisa.

Amafutha akuleli qembu angase abe nombala ogqamile ukuze angadideki nama-lubricant egiya avamile.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-viscosity

Lapho ukhetha i-lubricant yegiya yemoto, i-viscosity yayo nayo kufanele icatshangelwe. Kulesi simo, kufanele ugxile ezimweni zezulu lapho umshini usebenza khona.

Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, i-lubricant kufanele igcine i-viscosity evamile kanye nekhono lokuvala izikhala, futhi esimweni sezulu esibandayo akufanele kube mnyama kakhulu futhi kungabi nzima ukusebenza kwebhokisi legiya.

Izinga le-SAE livame ukuqashelwa emhlabeni, elihlukanisa izinto zokugcoba zasebusika, zasehlobo kanye nezimo zezulu. Ezasebusika zinohlamvu “W” ekuphawuleni kwazo (ebusika - ebusika). Lapho inombolo ephambi kwayo iphansi, izinga lokushisa lizokwehla uwoyela ngaphandle kokushuba kakhulu.

• I-70W - iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kokudluliselwa emazingeni okushisa afika ku -55 ° C.
• 75W - kufika ku -40 ° С.
• 80W - kufika ku -26 ° С.
• 85W - kufika ku -12C.

Amafutha amakwe 80, 85, 90, 140, 250 ngaphandle kohlamvu "W" amafutha asehlobo futhi ahluke nge-viscosity. Amakilasi 140 kanye nama-250 asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezishisayo. Kuma-latitudes amaphakathi, isigaba sasehlobo esingu-90 sibaluleke kakhulu.

Impilo yesevisi ye-lubricant yokudlulisa imoto ngokuvamile ingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, ngakho-ke, uma kungekho zizathu ezikhethekile zokusebenzisa uwoyela wesizini, kulula ukusebenzisa uwoyela wesizini yonke futhi uyiguqule njengoba kudingeka. Uhlobo oluguquguqukayo kakhulu lwamafutha egiya e-Ukraine yi-80W-90.

Ukukhethwa koketshezi lokudlulisela ngomkhiqizo wemoto

Ukukhethwa okulungile kwe-lubricant yokuhambisa kufanele kwenziwe ngokucatshangelwa okuphoqelekile kwezidingo ze-automaker. Ngakho-ke, into yokuqala okufanele uyibheke ibhukwana lemiyalo yomshini wakho. Uma ungenayo, ungazama ukuthola imibhalo ku-inthanethi.

Iningi labakhiqizi bezinto zokuthambisa zezimoto banamasevisi aku-inthanethi akuvumela ukuthi ukhethe uwoyela ngemoto make noma inombolo kamazisi yemoto (VIN). Ngaphezu kokwakhiwa kanye nemodeli yemoto, kufanelekile ukwazi uhlobo lwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi kanye nokudluliselwa.

Lena indlela enhle yokujwayelana nohlu lwemikhiqizo, kodwa ulwazi kulezi zinsizakalo alupheli ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuthenga umkhiqizo, ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukuthola iseluleko kumthengisi ogunyaziwe noma uhlole ngebhukwana ukuthi uwoyela okhethiwe uyahlangabezana yini nezincomo zomenzi wezimoto.