Ungayixhuma kanjani inzwa yokunyakaza kumalambu amaningi (DIY Guide)

Inzwa yokunyakaza ishintsha ukukhanya kube isilo esisebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo esonga amandla. Abaningi bazovuma ukuthi umtshina onyakazayo onezibani eziningi ungcono kunomshini owodwa ngoba wonga imali namandla ngalokhu kusetha okulula.

Abantu abaningi bayawuthanda lo mbono, kodwa abaqiniseki kangako nge-wiring. Inqubo yokuxhuma iwumsebenzi onzima ongenziwa uwedwa ngaphandle kwesiqondiso. Ngakho-ke namuhla ngizosebenzisa isipiliyoni sami seminyaka engu-15 ngogesi ukukufundisa indlela yokuxhuma inzwa enyakazayo kumalambu amaningi.

Ngokuvamile, uma uxhuma inzwa yokunyakaza ezibanini eziningi, kufanele.

• Thola imithombo yamandla yezibani.
• Vala amandla ezibani.
• Qondisa kabusha ukukhanya emthonjeni wamandla owodwa.
• Xhuma inzwa yokunyakaza kusidluliseli.
• Vula amandla futhi uhlole ukukhanya.

Ngalezi zinyathelo, zonke izibani zakho zizolawulwa inzwa eyodwa yokunyakaza. Sizodlula imininingwane yangempela ye-hardwiring yalezi zinyathelo ezingezansi.

Ingabe kuphephile ukuxhuma inzwa yokunyakaza ngokwami?

Ukuxhuma umtshina onyakazayo emithonjeni eminingi yokukhanya akuwona umsebenzi olula. Uma ungawuthandi umsebenzi wezandla, ngingaphakamisa ukuqasha osebenza ngogesi kulo msebenzi.

Ukwehluleka ukwenza kahle umsebenzi onjalo kagesi kungaholela emiphumeleni eyinhlekelele. Isibonelo, ungase ubanjwe ugesi noma uqale umlilo kagesi. Ngakho qala kuphela le nqubo uma ucabanga ukuthi ungayisingatha futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele.

Izinyathelo Ezi-5 Zomhlahlandlela Wokuxhuma inzwa Yokunyakaza kuzibani Eziningi

Ngezansi izinyathelo eziyisisekelo ezihilelekile ekuxhumeni inzwa yokunyakaza nezibani eziningi. Zama ukulandela lezi zinyathelo ngendlela efanele ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle. Nokho, uhlelo ngalunye luhlukile. Ngakho-ke, kungase kudingeke wenze ukulungisa okuthile lapha noma laphaya. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zithatha ngokuthi uzama ukwenza lokhu ngaphandle kwekhithi eyakhelwe ngaphambili.

Isinyathelo 1: Thola ukuxhumana

Okokuqala, kufanele ubhekane nokuxhumeka kwamadivayisi okukhanyisa. Isibonelo, uma uhlela ukungeza izibani ezintathu kunzwa yakho yokunyakaza, udinga ukunika amandla lezo zibani kusukela kumthombo owodwa. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ngishilo ekuqaleni, lezi zibani ezintathu zingavela emithonjeni yamandla emithathu ehlukene.

Ngakho-ke, hlola isihlangu esikhulu futhi unqume ukuxhumana kokuvula nokuvala ama-circuit breaker.

Isinyathelo 2 - Vala amandla

Ngemva kokukhomba imithombo, vala amandla amakhulu. Sebenzisa i-voltage tester ukuze uqinisekise isinyathelo 2.

Isinyathelo sesi-3 - Qondisa kabusha Izibani Emthonjeni Wamandla Owodwa

Susa ukuxhumana okudala futhi uqondise kabusha ukukhanya emthonjeni wamandla owodwa. Nikeza amandla kusuka ku-circuit breaker kuya kuzo zontathu izibani. Vula amandla futhi uhlole izinkomba ezintathu ngaphambi kokufaka izintambo kwinzwa yokunyakaza.

Qaphela: Vala amandla futhi ngemva kokuhlola.

Isinyathelo sesi-4 - Ukuxhuma inzwa yokunyakaza

Inqubo yokuxhuma inzwa yokunyakaza iyinkimbinkimbi encane. Sizoxhuma i-5V edluliselwe kusekethe. Uzothola umbono ongcono kulo mdwebo wezintambo olandelayo.

Abanye bangase baqonde inqubo yokuxhuma kusukela kumdwebo ongenhla, kanti abanye bangase bangayiqondi. Nansi incazelo yento ngayinye kumdwebo wezintambo.

I-Relay 5V

Lokhu kudluliselwa kunabantu abahlanu abathintwayo. Nansi eminye imininingwane ngabo.

• Ikhoyili 1 no-2: Laba othintana nabo ababili baxhunywe ekugcineni komunye ku-transistor, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi kucingo oluhle lomthombo wamandla.
• NC: Le phinikhodi ayixhunyiwe kunoma yini. Uma ixhunywe kumthombo wamandla we-AC, umjikelezo uzovulwa ngaphambi kokuthi inzwa yokunyakaza yenziwe isebenze.
• CHA: Le phinikhodi ixhunywe kwintambo yamandla kagesi ye-AC (edlula ama-bulb); umjikelezo uzobe uvuliwe inqobo nje uma inzwa yokunyakaza isebenza.
• I-COM: Le phinikhodi ixhuma kwenye intambo yokuphakelwa kwamandla e-AC.

BC. 547

I-BC 547 iyi-transistor. Ngokuvamile, i-transistor inamatheminali amathathu: isisekelo, i-emitter, kanye nomqoqi. Itheminali emaphakathi iyisisekelo. Itheminali engakwesokudla ingumqoqi kanti itheminali engakwesokunxele yi-emitter.

Xhuma isisekelo ku-resistor. Bese uxhuma i-emitter ocingweni olunegethivu lomthombo wamandla. Ekugcineni, xhuma itheminali yokuqoqa kutheminali yekhoyili edluliswayo. (1)

IN4007

I-IN4007 iyi-diode. ixhume kukhoyili 1 kanye no-2 oxhumene nabo.

I-Resistor 820 ohm

Umkhawulo owodwa we-resistor uxhunywe ku-terminal okukhiphayo yenzwa ye-IR, kanti enye ixhunywe ku-transistor.

Inzwa ye-IR

Le nzwa ye-PIR inezikhonkwane ezintathu; iphinikhodi yokukhipha, iphinikhodi yaphansi kanye nephinikhodi ye-Vcc. Baxhume ngokohlelo.

Xhuma iphinikhodi ye-Vcc kuntambo ephozithivu yamandla kagesi angu-5V. Iphinikhodi ephansi kufanele ixhunywe kuntambo enegethivu yokuphakela kwamandla kagesi engu-5V. Okokugcina, iphinikhodi yokuphumayo ixhunywe kusivikela.

Khumbula ukuthi umdwebo ongenhla ubonisa izinto ezimbili kuphela. Nokho, uma ufisa, ungakwazi ukwengeza ukukhanya okwengeziwe.

Isinyathelo sesi-5 - Hlola ukukhanya

Ngemva kokuxhuma i-wiring ngendlela efanele, vula amandla amakhulu. Bese ubeka isandla sakho eduze kwenzwa yokunyakaza bese uhlola ukukhanya. Uma wenze konke kahle, izibani zangaphambili zizoqala ukusebenza.

Ingabe ikhona indlela elula yokwenza lokhu?

Kwabanye, inqubo yokuxhuma echazwe ngenhla ngeke ibe nzima. Kodwa uma ungenalo ulwazi oluyisisekelo lukagesi, ukusebenza nesifunda esinjalo kungaba nzima. Uma kunjalo, nginezinyathelo eziphelele kuwe. Esikhundleni sokuqhubeka nenqubo yezintambo, thenga ikhithi entsha enenzwa yokunyakaza, izibani eziningi, i-relay, nezinye izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezidingekayo.

Ezinye izici zenzwa yokunyakaza ziza nobuchwepheshe obungenawaya. Ungakwazi ukulawula lezi zinzwa zokunyakaza nge-smartphone yakho. Lezi zinzwa zokunyakaza zingabiza kancane, kodwa zizokwenza umsebenzi wenziwe kalula.

Ingozi yezinto ezizifakela izintambo

Ngokuvamile, izibani ekhaya lakho zixhunywe ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zamasekhethi. Ngakho, bathola amandla emithonjeni ehlukene. Uzodinga ukuxhuma lezi zibani emthonjeni wamandla ofanayo kule nqubo yezintambo. Ungase ucabange ukuthi kulula, kodwa akunjalo. Isibonelo, izintambo ezingalungile zingabangela ukuthi isifunda sihluleke. Kwesinye isikhathi ungabhekana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu njengokulimala kuzo zonke izinto zakho zokukhanyisa.

Kunoma yikuphi, lokhu akuwona umphumela omuhle kakhulu kuwe. Ikakhulukazi uma wenza umsebenzi kagesi ngokwakho. Uma kukhona okungahambi kahle, akekho ozokuxazululela le nkinga. Ngakho-ke, hlala njalo ngocingo ngokucophelela.

Ukufingqa

Uma uzimisele ngokuvikeleka kwasekhaya, ukuba nesistimu yenzwa enjalo yokunyakaza kuzokusebenzela izimanga. Nokho, kunezinketho eziningi ezahlukene zomsebenzi ongenhla.

• Ufaka izintambo ngokwakho.
• Qasha osebenza ngogesi ukuze axhume isekethe.
• Thenga ikhithi engenantambo enakho konke okudingayo.

Khetha inketho yokuqala uma uqiniseka ngamakhono akho okufaka izintambo. Uma kungenjalo, khetha okukodwa kokukhethwa kukho okubili noma okuthathu. (2)

Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.

• Indlela yokuxhuma izibani eziningana kwintambo eyodwa
• Indlela yokuxhuma i-chandelier ngama-bulb amaningi
• Indlela yokuhlukanisa phakathi kwezintambo ezinhle nezimbi esibanini

Izincomo

(1) ikhoyili - https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/

ikhoyili kagesi

(2) amakhono - https://www.careeronestop.org/ExploreCareers/

Amakhono/amakhono.aspx