Ungawalungisa kanjani ama-valve e-Kalina

Ukulungisa ukucaciswa kwe-valve

Kwenziwa kuphela ngenjini ebandayo - izinga lokushisa elilungile le-ambient lingama-+20 degrees. Lungiselela kusengaphambili:

• ama-pliers anemihlathi emincane;
• i-screwdriver;
• amakhanda;
• isirinji yokukhipha amafutha;
• ama-tweezers;
• i-valve cracker (idivayisi);
• uphenyo (0,2 futhi 0,35 mm);
• ukulungisa amawasha.

Khulula amabhawodi abambe ikhava yevalvu, yisuse bese ukhipha ama-spark plug. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola ama-lobes e-camshaft ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi akukho ukugqokwa. Bese usebenzisa isirinji ukukhipha amafutha ekhanda. Namathisela intambo ye-valve kuma-studs. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo:

1. Vula i-crankshaft bese uqondanisa amamaki kukhava yesikhathi kanye ne-pulley. Bese uphendulela umphini amanye amazinyo amathathu ku-pulley.
2. Usebenzisa i-0,2mm (inlet) kanye ne-0,35mm (outlet) feeler gauge, hlola izikhala. Ukuze uthole ireferensi: Ukuze unqume ukuthi akuphi amavalvu okungenisa nokuphumayo, bala ukusuka kwesokunxele uye kwesokudla: indawo yokuphuma, i-outlet-out, njll. Ama-Shims kufanele ashintshwe lapho igeji yokuzwa idlula kalula. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yehlisa i-valve ngethuluzi, ngaphandle kokuguqula i-tappet nge-screwdriver flat.
3. Bamba ipusher ngezansi bese usebenzisa udlawu ukuze ususe iwasha endala bese ufaka entsha efanelekile.
4. Susa i-retainer bese uhlola igebe futhi - i-probe kufanele idlule ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu.

Isimiso somthetho: isiqalo sokuqala - isiqalo sesi-1, isiqalo sesi-2 - isiqalo sesi-5, isiqalo sesi-2 - isiqalo sesi-8, isiqalo sesi-6 - isiqalo sesi-4.

Ukulungiswa kwe-valve i-Kalina, enenjini engu-8-valve, iyadingeka lapho kuvela umsindo ongathandeki futhi owesabekayo, okukhumbuza umsindo wensimbi ngaphansi kwe-hood. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ama-valve "adinga" ukulungiswa ngokushesha. Ukuze wenze lokhu kulungiswa okungenhla, uzodinga ukulungisa amathuluzi athile, okuyilawa: izikulufu (screwdrivers) (flat kanye ne-Phillips), ipulesi lekhala elide (noma ama-tweezers), isethi yama-probes, amawasha ukulungisa usayizi odingekayo, isikrufu esiyi-10 (ikhanda) isibambo, kanye nethuluzi lokulungisa elikhethekile.

Ngingathanda ukuxwayisa ngokushesha abashayeli bezimoto ukuthi ama-valve e-Kalina afaneleka kuphela iyunithi yamandla epholile, ngaphandle kwalokho izikhala ezibekiwe ngeke zihlangabezane nezindinganiso ezidingekayo zobuchwepheshe. Khipha ikhava yevalvu bese ufaka ama-shafts, crankshaft kanye nama-camshafts ngokuya ngezimpawu ezimakiwe. Kulokhu, ama-pistons amasilinda 1 no-4 kufanele abe ku-TDC yomshini. Kunezindlela ezahlukene zokulungisa ama-valve, sizokhetha esheshayo, lapho kufanele siguqule i-crankshaft kancane, futhi sizolungisa ama-valve amane ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ngakho-ke ekuqaleni silinganisa izikhala lapho amakhamera e-camshaft ekhuphuka ngaphezu kwama-valve. Kulokhu, ama-valve angu-1,2,3,5. Izikhala ezishisayo zama-valve wokungenisa i-Kalina zihambisana no-0,20 (+0,05 mm), kanye nama-valve okukhipha amandla angu-0,35 (+0,05 mm). Amavalvu abalwa ukusuka kwesobunxele kuye kwesokudla, eyokuqala yokuphuma, bese kuba i-inlet-out, njalonjalo. Ukucaciswa okungahambisani nenani elijwayelekile kulungiswa kusetshenziswa ama-gaskets. Manje faka ibha yokulungisa phezu kwezigxobo zekhava ye-valve futhi uyivikele ngokufaka amantongomane.

Khona-ke, nge-lever yomshini wokulungisa, sicindezela i-valve eguquguqukayo ekumiseni, futhi ngosizo lwe-lever silungisa isikhundla se-valve pusher (esimeni esicindezelwe). Usebenzisa amapulangwe, susa iwasha endala bese ufaka entsha (yesayizi oyifunayo) endaweni yayo. Ngemuva kokukhipha i-latch, yicindezele nge-pry bar kuze kube yilapho ihlezi ngokugcwele. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuyithuba lama-valve alandelayo 4,6,7,8. Uzodinga ukwenza ukujika okukodwa kwe-shaft (i-camshaft kufanele iphendule isigamu) futhi wenze okufanayo ngawo wonke amanye ama-valve. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, ngemoto ye-Kalina egijima ku-50 km, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuzodingeka ulungise ama-valve e-Kalina, ngoba lapho uhlola izikhala zabo (eningini lamacala), ahambisana nezindinganiso ezidingekayo.

Ama-valve ezimoto zeLada Kalina adlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lokusabalalisa igesi, enesibopho sokukhululwa kwamagesi okukhipha kanye nokuthatha ingxube ye-air-fuel. Abaningi abathanda izimoto abacabangi ukuthi le mininingwane, naphezu kobukhulu bayo obuncane, ibaluleke kakhulu. Futhi abanye abazi nokuthi bakuphi futhi ngezikhathi ezithile (kuya ngohlobo lwenjini) bayacelwa ukuba balungise.

Ukulungiswa kokuvunyelwa okushisayo kumshini we-valve wenjini

Silinganisa futhi silungise ukucaciswa enjinini ebandayo. Sisusa isikrini senjini. Nqamula ikhebula le-throttle engxenyeni yokuhlanganisa i-throttle (bona "Ukushintsha ikhebula le-throttle"). Ngemva kokukhulula amantongomane amathathu okubopha, khipha intambo yentambo bese uhambisa ubakaki onekhebula eceleni (bona "Ukukhipha isamukeli").

Usebenzisa i-screwdriver ye-Phillips, khulula ipayipi lokuphefumula eliphansi le-crankcase bese ukhipha ipayipi eshubhuni lekhava lekhanda lesilinda.

Usebenzisa i-screwdriver ye-Phillips, khulula i-clamp ku-crankcase ventilation hose (i-main circuit) futhi ukhiphe ipayipi eshubhu lekhava lekhanda lesilinda.

Usebenzisa i-screwdriver ye-Phillips, khulula ipayipi lokupholisa umoya le-crankcase (isekethe engenzi lutho) futhi ukhiphe ipayipi elifakwe kusilinganisi sekhava yekhanda.

Usebenzisa isikrufu se-10, qaqa amantongomane amabili abambe isembozo sekhanda lesilinda bese ukhipha amadiski.

Susa ama-rubber bushings amabili.

Susa ikhava yekhanda yesilinda. Susa ikhava yebhande lesikhathi sangaphambili. Inqubo yokuhlola nokulungisa ukucaciswa kwe-valve actuator imi kanje. Phendula i-crankshaft ngesikulufu esibambe i-pulley ye-alternator drive ngokwewashi kuze kube yilapho kuqondaniswa izimpawu zokuqondanisa ze-camshaft pulley nekhava yebhande lesikhathi elingemuva. Bese siphendulela i-crankshaft ngewashi enye i-40-50 ° (amazinyo angu-2,5-3 ku-pulley ye-camshaft). Ngalesi sikhundla sezimbazo, siqale sibheke ukucaciswa ngesethi yama-tracers ...

kanye ne-camshaft lobes yesithathu. Ukuvuleka phakathi kwama-lobe e-camshaft namawasha kufanele kube ngu-0,20mm kumavalvu okungenisa kanye no-0,35mm kumavalvu okukhipha umoya. Ukubekezelela imvume kuyo yonke imihlathi ± 0,05 mm. Uma igebe lingaphandle kokucaciswa...

bese ufaka isilungisi se-valve ku-camshaft ephethe izikhonkwane zezindlu.

Siphendulela i-pusher ukuze i-groove engxenyeni yayo engaphezulu ibheke phambili (iqonde emotweni).

Sethula "i-fang" yedivayisi phakathi kwekhamera ne-pusher (1 - nozzle, 2 - pusher)

Ngokucindezela i-lever yedivayisi, sicwilisa i-pusher "nge-fang.

futhi ufake i-retainer phakathi konqenqema lwe-pushrod kanye ne-camshaft ebambe i-pushrod endaweni ephansi.

Ukuqiniswa kwama-valve pushers lapho kushintsha i-strap: 1 - i-retainer; 2 - ukulungisa iwasha Hambisa isileva socingo endaweni ephezulu

Ukusebenzisa amapulangwe, vula i-slot bese ususa i-shim. Uma ithuluzi lokulungiswa kwe-valve lingatholakali, ama-screwdrivers amabili angasetshenziswa. Nge-screwdriver enamandla, sincike kukhamera, sicindezela i-pusher phansi, sifaka umkhawulo wesinye i-screwdriver (enobubanzi be-blade okungenani u-10 mm) phakathi komphetho we-pusher ne-camshaft, silungise i-pusher futhi sisuse ukulungisa. Isikulufu sewasha esinamapulangwe. Igebe lilungiswa ngokukhetha iwasha yokulungisa yobukhulu obudingekayo.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, linganisa ubukhulu bewashi elisusiwe nge-micrometer. Ubukhulu be-shim entsha bunqunywa ifomula: H = B + (AC), mm, lapho u-“A” eyigebe elilinganisiwe; "B" - ubukhulu be-washer esusiwe; "C" - isilinganiso umdlalo; "H" ubukhulu bewasha entsha. Ugqinsi lwewasha entsha imakwa endaweni yayo nge-electrograph. Sifaka i-washer entsha ku-pusher enophawu phansi futhi sisuse i-retainer. Hlola igebe futhi. Uma ilungiswe kahle, igeji ye-feeller engu-0,20 noma engu-0,35 mm kufanele ingene esikhaleni ngokuncinza kancane. Ngokulandelana ukuguqula i-crankshaft isigamu ukujika, siyahlola futhi, uma kunesidingo, silungise ukucaciswa kwamanye ama-valve ngokulandelana okukhonjiswe etafuleni.

i-engeli yokuzungezisa i-crankshaft ukusuka endaweni yophawu lokuqondanisa, amadigri	inombolo yamakhamera (ukubala - kusuka ku-camshaft pulley)
i-exhaust (igebe 0,35 mm)	i-inlet (igebe 0,20 mm)
40-50	а	3
220-230	5	два
400-410	8	6
580-590	4	7

Sihlanganisa injini ngokulandelana kwe-reverse. Ngaphambi kokufaka ikhava yekhanda yesilinda.

buyisela i-gasket entsha.

Ungalungisa kanjani umshini we-valve engu-8 kumodeli weLada Kalina? Ngokushesha noma kamuva, abanikazi abaningi balezi zimoto ezisebenzayo zaseRussia bazibuza umbuzo ofanayo. Ukwenza le nqubo ngokwakho ngeke kube mnandi kuphela, kodwa futhi kuwusizo mayelana nokuthola isipiliyoni.

Manje ake siqhubekele ekucubunguleni okuningiliziwe kwesihloko esiboniswe lapha: ukulungiswa kwe-valve.

Inqubo yokulungisa

Inqubo yokulungisa ama-valve kukho konke ukuguqulwa komkhumbi we-8-valve iyafana. Kukhona umehluko kuphela emishinini yokujova evela kumthengisi, i-viburnum 2 enenjini yomthengisi. Baneqembu le-piston elingasindi kanye nezihlalo ze-ceramic nezensimbi. Ngalo mqondo, izikhala ziyehluka ukuya phezulu ngo-0,05 mm. Ukwazi ukuhleleka kanye nohlelo lokulungiswa, ungalungisa ama-valve ngokwakho. Ngaphandle kokuntuleka kwesethi kanye nesethi yamawasha okulungiswa. Akunanzuzo ukuzilandela emakethe ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi uthenge yonke i-assortment.

Nansi umdwebo onemininingwane wokulungisa ama-valve VAZ 2108, 2109, 2114, 2115

1. Okokuqala udinga ukupholisa injini. Ungasebenzisa i-fan eyengeziwe yokupholisa kunoma iyiphi imoto ye-VAZ. Siyibeka phezulu ukuze ukugeleza komoya kuqonde enjinini yangaphakathi evuthayo bese sivula amandla kagesi ayi-12V;
2. Lapho ulungisa izinjini ezinama-valve angu-8 (11186, 11113 oka, 1118, 1111) ngomshini wokuhlanganisa i-throttle, qaqa ikhebula le-throttle endaweni yokugcina amanzi amaningi;
3. Susa ikhava yevalvu, ikhava yebhande lesikhathi. Nqamula amapayipi amakhulu namancane aya engonweni ye-throttle valve;
4. Pompa amafutha eduze kwezinkomishi zamavalvu ngesirinji noma i-blower. Kungcono kakhulu ukusebenzisa isirinji yezokwelapha evamile enepayipi elimhlophe le-silicone ekugcineni;
5. Faka idivayisi yokulungisa - isitimela sokucindezela i-valve, ebizwa nangokuthi irula;
6. Setha indawo yokuqala ukuze ulungise. Vula i-camshaft ngokwewashi kumaki bese uqinisa amazinyo angu-2-3. Ezimotweni ezineqembu le-piston engasindi (isibonelelo, i-viburnum 2, ngaphambili), jikela eduze kwe-crankshaft. Uma ijikeleza ngemuva kwe-camshaft, ibhande lesikhathi lingashelela, futhi uma lokhu kungabonakali futhi kuletha i-valve motor, khona-ke izogoba;
7. Lungisa ngokulandelana okulandelayo: okukhiphayo okungu-1 namaseli wokufaka ama-3;
8. Zungezisa i-camshaft ngamadigri angama-90. Setha amaseli okukhiphayo angu-5 namaseli okokufaka angu-2;
9. Zungezisa ngamadigri angama-90. Setha amaseli okukhiphayo angu-8 namaseli wokufaka angu-6;
10. Ukwenza ukuzungezisa okungu-90 kokugcina nokulungisa amaseli okukhiphayo angu-4 namaseli wokufaka angu-7;
11. Sikhweza ngokulandelana. Sifaka i-gasket entsha ngaphansi kwesembozo se-valve ukuze amafutha angaphumi.
12. Ezinjini ze-carburetor, konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanayo. Okokuqala udinga ukuqaqa indlu yokuhlunga kanye nekhebula lokumunca. I-frequency iyafana neye-injector engu-30 km.

Ukuhlola ukucaciswa kuyadingeka futhi ngemva kokulungiswa kwekhanda le-cylinder. Ikakhulukazi ngemva kokufaka iziqondiso. Lapho ushintsha ama-bushings, ama-fasteners aphikisana nethuluzi elikhethekile futhi abuyele ngamabomu ekhanda. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukulandela ukulandelana, setha izikhala ezifanele futhi uphinde ngemuva kwe-1000 km yokugijima.

Ukushuna injini engu-8kl kaphethiloli kwandisa ibanga phakathi kwama-tunings. Uma injini ingaklanyelwe ukusebenza emishinini yegesi, izihlalo nama-valve azoshesha ngokushesha, futhi ukuze ngandlela-thile kwandiswe impilo yenkonzo, izikhala zidinga ukwenziwa zibe zikhudlwana kunezijwayelekile. Ngokuvamile benza +0,05 mm. Uma igebe lingaqinile, okungukuthi, alivuli, khona-ke isihlalo sehhashi sihambe ibanga elihloniphekile ekhanda. Kulesi simo, udinga ukukala ukuthi udinga kangakanani ukwandisa igebe, uhlukanise ikhanda le-cylinder bese ufaka ukuphela kwe-valve. Inketho yesibili kungaba ukufaka esikhundleni isihlalo noma ikhanda le-cylinder ngokwayo.

I-Lada Kalina hatchback LUX ›I-logbook ›amavalvu azilungisayo (Ingxenye yokuqala)

Ngiyanibingelela nonke Namuhla ngizokutshela ukuthi ungawalungisa kanjani ama-valve enjini engu-8 ngezandla zakho usebenzisa ithuluzi elijwayelekile. Isizathu sokungenelela kwami ​​ekusebenzeni kwemoto elungisekayo kwakuyilukuluku le-banal kanye nesifiso sokwenza injini isebenze kahle, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokufudumala, lapho "umphumela we-diesel" uvela.

Ngakho-ke, ake siqale: khumula ipulaki yokugcwalisa, susa i-casing ephezulu bese ucisha zonke izinsimbi eziya kukhava yevalvu.

ngokhiye we-10 sicindezela amabakaki okubopha ikhebula legesi

khulula i-valve cap

ngokhiye ofanayo ongu-10, khumula amabhawodi amathathu ekhava yebhande lesikhathi

Hhayi-ke, manje, ngaphandle kokushisekela okukhulu, sivula ikhava ye-valve, sizama ukuyiphakamisa endaweni evundlile, ngaphandle kokuhlanekezela.

esithombeni, i-gasket yerabha enamathiselwe ngokucophelela ekhanda nge-sealant;

Manje sekuqala inqubo edla isikhathi esiningi, ukulinganisa izikhala. Ngokusho kwemiyalelo emiyalweni, inqubo yokulinganisa ichazwe, ngakho-ke ngeke ngigxile kulokhu. Ngizothi ngedwa: igebe likalwa phakathi kwewashi nekhamera ye-camshaft, lapho ikhamera ibheka phezulu phezulu. Ukususwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini evamile: I-Inlet - 17 ... 0,15 mm Exhaust - 0,25 ... 0,3 mm

Ukususwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini evamile: I-Inlet - 0,15 ... 0,25 mm Exhaust - 0,3 ... 0,4 mm

Izindawo zeValve yokungena kanye ne-Exhaust Ukuze uthole ulwazi oluphelele, ngemva kokulinganisa igebe (kungcono ukwenza lokhu izikhathi ezimbalwa ukuze uthole ukunemba ngokuvula i-camshaft), ngiphinde ngakhipha amawasha ukuze ngibhale kabusha uphawu lokujiya kuwo.

Iwashi ye-valve yokuqala (i-exhaust

Nakhu okwenzeka kimi

itafula ngezilinganiso zami

Manje umbuzo uphakama, hhayi owodwa kuphela: 1. Ingabe i-valve yokukhipha yesilinda sokuqala iqinile - ingabe i-probe engu-0,25 ikhuphuke ngobunzima obukhulu (ingabe lokhu ngesivinini sika-0,3-0,4 mm)? Konke ukucaciswa kwamavalvu okungenisa kubonise u-0,12-0,13mm (ngesilinganiso esingu-0,15-0,25mm)? ama-valve aqinile ngokusobala.

Ucabanga ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuletha zonke izimbobo kulawo asefekthri, noma nje wenze isiphetho sokuqala esingu-0.3mm, bese ushiya konke okunye njengoba kunjalo? Kulungile, kodwa ngandlela-thile akwanele .. okokufaka kwe-0,12mm? Ukhona ongakweluleka?

Ngithole ividiyo ethokozisayo mayelana nokulungiswa kwe-valve -

 

Ekuqaleni, kuphakama umbuzo: kungani udinga ukulungiswa kwe-valve? Uma lokhu kusebenza kuphumelele, khona-ke:

• injini iqala kalula;
• injini igijima buthule;
• ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kuncane;
• akukho carbon deposits ekamelweni ovuthayo;
• kwandisa impilo yenjini yonke ngaphambi kokulungisa.

Uma imoto entsha, khona-ke ukulungiswa kokuqala kwama-valve kufanele kwenziwe ngemva kwamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-20, lapho izilungiselelo zefektri ziphulwa. Akufanelekile ukuhlehlisa inqubo, njengoba lokhu kugcwele ukugqoka kwe-valve.

Izinhlangothi ezinhle nezingezinhle zokulungiswa kwenjini okuhlukahlukene

ama-valve angu-8; umthamo 1,6 amalitha

Injini iyaziwa abashayeli. Izinga nokuthembeka kwayo akungabazeki. Izici ezinhle zenjini:

• Ilawulwa cishe kuzo zonke izinkonzo zemoto;
• Azikho izinkinga ngokuthengwa kwezingxenye ezisele;
• Uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kwebhande, i-valve "ayitholi" i-piston, akukho ukuphuka okwenzekayo;
• I-traction enhle kakhulu ngamagiya aphansi.

Okungalungile kuhlanganisa:

• Izinga eliphezulu lomsindo kanye nokudlidliza okwandisiwe ngesikhathi sokusebenza;
• Ukulungiswa kwe-valve njalo kuyadingeka;
• Imoto enale njini ayinazo izinto zokupholisa umoya.

ama-valve angu-16; umthamo 1,4 amalitha

Izici ezinhle zenjini:

• Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphansi kakhulu;
• Ukungenamsindo nokungabikho kokudlidliza ngesikhathi somsebenzi;
• Ukwazi ukusheshisa imoto ngokushesha;
• Ama-valve awadingi ukulungiswa.

Izici ezingezinhle zingabizwa ngokuthi:

• Ngokuphuka okungazelelwe kwebhande le-valve, ama-valve ayagoba ngokuhlobene nama-pistons. Kulokhu, ngaphezu kwama-valve, lonke iqembu le-piston kuzodingeka lishintshwe;
• Emuva kuka-40 000 km, ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela kuyenyuka.

ama-valve angu-16; umthamo 1,6 amalitha

Izici ezinhle zenjini:

• Isebenza ngokuthula kakhulu;
• Akukho ukudlidliza;
• Injini enamandla kakhulu;
• Ukulungiswa kwe-valve akudingeki.

Ngasohlangothini olubi kukhona:

• ukugoba kwama-valve ngokuphuka okungazelelwe kwebhande.

Kunzima ukuphendula ngokungananazi umbuzo wokuthi iyiphi injini engcono.

Uma ukugcinwa okuphansi nokulula kubalulekile kuwe, khona-ke injini ye-valve engu-8 iyisinqumo sakho. Lolu khetho lufaneleka kakhulu kulabo abashayeli abakhetha ukunakekela nokulungisa imoto yabo bebodwa.

Kumuntu othanda izimoto, kubonakala kimi ukuthi ama-caps angu-8 ayisinqumo esihle kuye, okungenani mayelana nokuthembeka. Futhi ukusetshenziswa kwe-valve engu-8 kuncane. Lena empeleni injini yabayisishiyagalolunye.

Uma isifunda sakho sinophethiloli wezinga eliphezulu, amavalvu angu-16 angcono. Uma uya kude esiteshini segesi esivamile senethiwekhi, khona-ke ama-valve angu-8 angcono. Ku-valve engu-16 engu-95, ikhwalithi enhle kakhulu iyadingeka, uma kungenjalo, i-creak iqala ngokushesha ngaphansi kwe-hood ye-Kalina lapho ucindezela i-pedal yegesi.

Ukulungiselela umsebenzi

Uzodinga isethi yamathuluzi nezinto zokulungisa:

• ikhanda lokugcina ngekhola kanye ne-ratchet;
• isirinji yokukhipha amafutha enjini;
• ama-screwdrivers ama-curly futhi flat;
• ithuluzi elikhethekile lokucindezela ama-valve;
• uchungechunge lwama-probes akhethekile;
• ama-tweezers;
• amapulangwe anezibambo ezinde;
• ukulungisa amawasha.

Inqubo ilula ngempela futhi ingenziwa ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kochwepheshe. Ukuze wonge isikhathi noma uma inqubo ibonakala iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kungcono ukusebenzisa isevisi yemoto. Umsebenzi onjalo awubizi - isibalo esijwayelekile asidluli ama-ruble angama-800-1000, kuye ngesifunda.

Imiyalelo yokulungisa ukusula

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nalo msebenzi, kuyadingeka ukupholisa injini. Ngemuva kwalokho, ama-bolts ekhanda le-block akhishwa, futhi lokhu okulandelayo kuyahlakazwa. Umsebenzi owengeziwe umi kanje.

1. Susa ikhava yesikhathi.
2. Susa ama-spark plugs (lokhu kuzokwenza kube lula ukuthi injini ijike).
3. Indawo engaphansi kwekhanda ihlanzwa ngamafutha ngesirinji.
4. Uma i-camshaft inokugqoka okuqinile kwamakhamera we-pusher, izakhi ezilimele futhi ezigugile kufanele zishintshwe.
5. Esikhundleni sekhanda le-block, kuyadingeka ukufaka idivayisi ekhethekile kuma-bolts afakayo azosiza ukuvala ama-valve.
6. Ama-piston asesimweni sokungathathi hlangothi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, vula i-crankshaft nge-crank kuze kube yilapho umaki osesimbozweni sesikhathi esingemuva ufana nomaka ku-pulley.
7. Ngemva komdlalo wamamaki, i-crankshaft izonyakazisa amanye amazinyo ambalwa, futhi ipiston yokuqala izoba sendaweni efile phezulu.
8. Usebenzisa i-feeler gauge, kala izikhala kuqala kukhamera yokuqala, bese kuba kweyesithathu. Kulokhu, kuthathwa i-probe, ubukhulu bayo obungadluli ku-0,35 mm. Uma i-probe idlula ngaphandle kokumelana, kufanele kukhethwe iwasha ehlukile.
9. Nge-groove ekhethekile emaphethelweni angenhla, i-washer iqoqwe futhi isuswe. Ukuze ubone i-slot, udinga ukunyakazisa i-pusher kancane.
10. I-valve ihlehlisiwe ngedivayisi ekhethekile, kuyilapho i-pusher ibanjwe nge-screwdriver eyisicaba, ngaphandle kokuyifaka emseleni, ukuze ivimbele ukujikeleza kwayo okungenangqondo.
11. Ngemuva kokulungisa i-pusher nge-pliers, i-washer iyasuswa futhi enye, yobukhulu obufanele, ifakwe endaweni yayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwewashi ngalinye kunophawu olukhethekile olubonisa ubukhulu. Ukushintshwa kwe-washer kuqediwe, i-screwdriver isusiwe, i-valve ibuyiselwa endaweni yayo, igebe likalwa nge-feeler gauge.

Ukulingana okuhle kwe-valve ku-Kalina kusho ukuthi ithubhu ingena esikhaleni ngomzamo omncane (ngaphakathi kwesizathu). Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukuguqula injini enye inguquko eyodwa ye-crankshaft pulley bese wenza isilinganiso sokulawula igebe. Ngale ndlela, zonke izikhala ziyahlolwa futhi zilungiswe, ngokuzungezisa okuyisibopho kwe-crankshaft ngaphambi kokulinganisa ngakunye. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, udinga ukugcwalisa uwoyela wenjini ezingeni olifunayo, uzodinga futhi ukufaka esikhundleni se-gasket ye-valve ye-Kalina, bese ubopha ikhava ye-valve kanye nesikhathi ngezinsimbi.

Ukufika okulungile kuyabonakala ngokushesha: indlela yokusabalalisa igesi isebenza kahle, injini ayibangi umsindo, okusho ukuthi "impilo yenhliziyo" yemoto ihlelekile. Okungenani kumakhilomitha angu-50-60 alandelayo, ukuvunyelwa okushisayo ngeke kube nomthelela omubi futhi umsebenzi owengeziwe ngeke udingeke. Futhi ngokuqinisekile zizoba umphumela wokulungiswa okungalungile noma okungakafiki isikhathi.

I-valve izoqala ukushisa.	Ukunwetshwa kwe-thermal akunxeshezelwa ngegebe futhi ibhodi lizoqala ukundiza liphume enhlanganweni.
Kukhona ukuncipha kokucindezelwa.	Impendulo ukuncishiswa kwamandla.
Ukukhipha ukushisa kwimodi evamile akwenziwa.	Kuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwe-catalyst.
Lapho ingxube ye-air-fuel ishiswa, ingxenye yokwakheka okuvuthayo idlulela ku-multifold exhaust.	Ngakho, ipuleti kanye bevel zibhujiswa ngokushesha.

Inani lokulungiswa kwevalvu

Uma sikhuluma ngenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi, khona-ke singachaza kafushane imijikelezo yokusebenza kwayo. Lokhu kungukuthatha, bese kucindezelwa, emva kwalokho ukushiswa kukaphethiloli kwenzeka kanye ne-stroke yesine ukukhululwa kwamagesi okukhipha umoya. Injini ejwayelekile ye-Kalina 2 nezinye izimoto ze-VAZ zisebenzisa ama-valve angu-4 ku-cylinder ngayinye. Amabili alawula i-exhaust, amabili alawula ukudonsa. Isimiso sokusebenza kwayo silula: lapho i-camshaft ijikeleza, kokubili okokufaka kuvuleka ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, imiphumela emibili ivuliwe.

Idivayisi yomshini we-valve

Ukushaywa kwesibhamu kusho ukuthi i-piston iya phansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-valve okungenisa ayavuleka, anikeze umthamo wengxube yomoya nophethiloli kusilinda. Esigabeni esilandelayo, i-piston iqala ukuphakama futhi ama-valve okuphuza ayavaleka. Ngakho-ke, kukhona i-compression stroke. Njengoba isifinyelele endaweni ephakeme kakhulu kusilinda, ipiston ijikijelwa emuva ngokucijile, ibasa ingxube nge-spark plug. Ngemuva kokuthi i-piston ifike endaweni ephansi kakhulu efile, ama-valve e-exhaust ayavuleka. Lapho iqala ukuphakama, amagesi akhipha umoya nawo akhishelwa ngaphandle.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphandle kwama-valve, ukusebenza kwenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi akunakwenzeka. Umsebenzi wayo uncike ngokuqondile ekujikelezeni okulungile kwe-camshaft. Futhi ukunemba, izinqubo ezikuwo, ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-pusher.

Inhloso yegebe le-thermal

Uma leli gebe lilungiswa kahle, i-tappet ne-camshaft cam zicindezelwa ngokumelene nomunye kanzima ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxhumana okuphelele phakathi kwezindawo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi zonke izingxenye zenjini yomlilo yangaphakathi ngokuyinhloko zenziwe ngama-alloys ahlukahlukene nezinsimbi (izinhlanganisela ze-aluminium, ithusi, insimbi ekhonjiwe). Ama-pusher, i-camshaft kanye neqembu lama-valve ngokwalo nawo ayinsimbi. Njengoba wazi, noma iyiphi insimbi enokushisa okuqinile ivame ukukhula ngosayizi. Ngenxa yalokho, igebe elikhona kuyunithi yamandla abandayo lihluke kakhulu kulelo elishisayo. Kalula nje, ama-valve aqine kakhulu noma ukuthintana okuqinile kwendawo akuqinisekisiwe.

Ukulungiswa kwegebe ukufakwa kwezikhala ezikhethekile phakathi kwe-valve ne-piston, kucatshangelwa ukunwetshwa kwezinsimbi lapho kushisa. Lawa manani mancane kangangokuthi ama-microns asetshenziswa ukuwakala. Kulokhu, amanani ahlukene asetshenziselwa ukukhipha kanye nokudla.