Uhamba ibanga elingakanani ugesi emanzini?

Amanzi ngokuvamile athathwa njengekhondundu elihle likagesi ngoba uma kukhona umsinga ngaphakathi emanzini futhi othile owathintile angashokhwa ugesi.

Kunezinto ezimbili okufanele uziqaphele ezingabaluleka. Enye yazo uhlobo lwamanzi noma inani likasawoti namanye amaminerali, kanti okwesibili yibanga ukusuka endaweni lapho kuthintana khona ugesi. Lesi sihloko sichaza kokubili kodwa sigxile kwesibili ukuhlola ukuthi ugesi uhamba kangakanani emanzini.

Singakwazi ukuhlukanisa izindawo ezine ezizungeze umthombo wamaphuzu kagesi emanzini (ingozi enkulu, ingozi, ingozi emaphakathi, ephephile). Nokho, ibanga eliqondile ukusuka emthonjeni wephoyinti kunzima ukulinquma. Zincike ezintweni ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa ingcindezi/ukuqina, ukusatshalaliswa, ukujula, usawoti, izinga lokushisa, i-topography, kanye nendlela yokumelana okuncane.

Amanani webanga lokuphepha emanzini ancike esilinganisweni sephutha lamanje ukuya kumthamo omkhulu wamanje womzimba ophephile (i-10 mA ye-AC, i-40 mA ye-DC):

• Uma iphutha lamanje le-AC lingu-40A, ibanga lokuphepha emanzini olwandle lizoba ngu-0.18m.
• Uma intambo kagesi iphansi (emhlabathini owomile), kufanele uhlale okungenani amafidi angu-33 (amamitha angu-10), okungaba ubude bebhasi. Emanzini, leli banga lingaba likhulu kakhulu.
• Uma i-toaster iwela emanzini, kufanele ube phakathi kwamafidi angu-360 (amamitha angu-110) ukusuka kumthombo wamandla.

Ngizongena imininingwane eyengeziwe ngezansi.

Kungani kubalulekile ukwazi

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ugesi ungahamba ibanga elingakanani emanzini ngoba uma kunogesi noma ngaphansi kwamanzi, noma ubani oxhumene namanzi usengozini yokushaywa wugesi.

Kungaba usizo ukwazi ukuthi yiliphi ibanga eliphephe kakhulu ukugwema le ngozi. Lapho le ngozi ingase ibe khona esimweni sezikhukhula, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nalolu lwazi.

Esinye isizathu sokwazi ukuthi umsinga kagesi ungahamba ibanga elingakanani emanzini ukudoba ngogesi, lapho ugesi udlula khona ngamabomu emanzini ukuze ubambe izinhlanzi.

Uhlobo lwamanzi

Amanzi ahlanzekile ayisivikelo esihle. Ukube ubungekho usawoti noma okunye okumbiwa phansi, ingozi yokushaqeka kukagesi ibiyoba mancane ngoba ugesi ubungeke uhambe ibanga elide phakathi kwamanzi acwebile. Kodwa-ke, empeleni, ngisho namanzi abonakala ecacile kungenzeka ukuthi aqukethe ama-ionic compounds. Yilawa ma-ion angahambisa ugesi.

Ukuthola amanzi ahlanzekile abengeke ugesi udlule akulula. Ngisho namanzi acwengekile afingqiwe asuka kusitimu namanzi angcolile alungiswe ezindaweni zokucwaninga zesayensi angaqukatha ama-ion athile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amanzi ayincibilikisi enhle kakhulu yamaminerali ahlukahlukene, amakhemikhali, nezinye izinto.

Amanzi ocabanga ukuthi ugesi uya kude kangakanani angeke ahlanzeke. Amanzi kampompi avamile, amanzi omfula, amanzi olwandle, njll. ngeke ahlanzeke. Ngokungafani namanzi ahlanzekile acatshangelwayo noma okunzima ukuwathola, amanzi anosawoti angcono kakhulu umqhubi kagesi ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwawo usawoti (NaCl). Lokhu kuvumela ama-ion ukuthi ageleze, njengokugeleza kwama-electron lapho eqhuba ugesi.

Ibanga ukusuka endaweni yokuxhumana

Njengoba ubungalindela, lapho usondela lapho uthintana khona nomthombo wamandla kagesi emanzini, kuyoba yingozi kakhulu, futhi uma uqhelile, amanzi ayoba mancane. Umsinga ungase ube phansi ngokwanele ukuba ungabi yingozi kangako ebangeni elithile.

Ibanga ukusuka endaweni yokuxhumana liyisici esibalulekile. Ngamanye amazwi, sidinga ukwazi ukuthi ugesi uhamba ibanga elingakanani emanzini ngaphambi kokuba umsinga ube buthaka ukuze uphephe. Lokhu kungaba okubaluleke njengokwazi ukuthi ugesi uhamba ibanga elingakanani emanzini ewonke kuze kube yilapho i-current noma i-voltage incane, isondele noma ilingana noziro.

Singakwazi ukuhlukanisa izindawo ezilandelayo eduze nendawo yokuqala, kusukela kweseduze kakhulu kuya kwekude kakhulu:

• Indawo eyingozi ephezulu – Ukuthintana namanzi ngaphakathi kule ndawo kungaba yingozi.
• Indawo eyingozi – Ukuthintana namanzi ngaphakathi kule ndawo kungadala umonakalo omkhulu.
• Indawo Enobungozi Emaphakathi - Ngaphakathi kule ndawo, kunomuzwa wokuthi kukhona umsinga emanzini, kodwa izingozi zilinganiselwe noma ziphansi.
• Indawo Ephephile - Ngaphakathi kwale ndawo, ukude ngokwanele nomthombo wamandla ukuthi ugesi ungaba yingozi.

Nakuba sizihlonze lezi zindawo, ukuthola ibanga eliqondile phakathi kwazo akulula. Kunezici ezimbalwa ezihilelekile lapha, ngakho-ke singazilinganisela kuphela.

Qaphela! Uma wazi ukuthi umthombo kagesi ukuphi emanzini, kufanele uzame ukuhlala kude kakhulu nawo futhi, uma ukwazi, uvale ugesi.

Ukuhlolwa kwebanga lobungozi nokuphepha

Singahlola ubungozi nebanga lokuphepha ngokusekelwe ezintweni eziyisishiyagalolunye ezibalulekile ezilandelayo:

• Ukushuba noma ukushuba - Uma iphezulu i-voltage (noma amandla ombani), iyanda ingozi yokushaqeka kukagesi.
• Sabalalisa – Ugesi uyahlakaza noma usakazeke nhlangothi zonke emanzini, ikakhulukazi endaweni noma eduze nangaphezulu.
• ukujula “Ugesi awungeni ujule emanzini. Ngisho nombani uhamba kuphela ekujuleni okungamamitha angama-20 ngaphambi kokuhlakazeka.
• usawoti - Uma kunosawoti omningi emanzini, yilapho kuzofakwa ugesi kalula nangokwengeziwe. Izikhukhula zamanzi olwandle zinokusawoti okuphezulu kanye nokumelana okuphansi (imvamisa engu-~22 ohmcm uma kuqhathaniswa no-420k ohmcm wamanzi emvula).
• Temperature Lapho amanzi efudumele, ama-molecule awo ahamba ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, ugesi kagesi uzophinde ube lula ukusabalalisa emanzini afudumele.
• I-Topography - Ukuma kwendawo yendawo nakho kungabaluleka.
• Indlela – Ingozi yokushaqeka kukagesi emanzini iphezulu uma umzimba wakho uba yindlela yokumelana okuncane ukuze kugeleze umsinga. Uphephe kuphela uma kuqhathaniswa inqobo nje uma kunezinye izindlela eziphansi zokumelana nawe ezikuzungezile.
• indawo yokuthinta - Izitho ezihlukene zomzimba zinokumelana okuhlukile. Isibonelo, ingalo ngokuvamile inokumelana okuphansi (~160 ohmcm) kunomzimba womzimba (~415 ohmcm).
• Nqamula idivayisi – Ingozi iphezulu uma lungekho umshini wokunqamula noma uma lukhona futhi isikhathi sawo sokusabela singaphezu kwama-20 ms.

Ukubalwa kwebanga lokuphepha

Izilinganiso zebanga eliphephile zingenziwa ngokusekelwe kumakhodi okusebenza ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokuphephile ugesi ngaphansi kwamanzi kanye nocwaningo lobunjiniyela bakagesi obungaphansi kwamanzi.

Ngaphandle kokukhululwa okulungile kokulawula i-AC yamanje, uma umzimba wamanje ungekho ngaphezu kwe-10 mA futhi ukuphikiswa kokulandelela umzimba kungu-750 ohms, khona-ke i-voltage ephephile ephezulu yi-6-7.5V. [1] Amanani webanga lokuphepha emanzini ancike esilinganisweni sephutha lamanje ukuya kumthamo omkhulu wamanje womzimba ophephile (10 mA for AC, 40 mA for DC):

• Uma iphutha lamanje le-AC lingu-40A, ibanga lokuphepha emanzini olwandle lizoba ngu-0.18m.
• Uma intambo kagesi iphansi (emhlabathini owomile), kufanele uhlale okungenani amafidi angu-33 (amamitha angu-10), okungaba ubude bebhasi. [2] Emanzini, leli banga lizoba lide kakhulu.
• Uma i-toaster iwela emanzini, kufanele ube phakathi kwamafidi angu-360 (amamitha angu-110) ukusuka kumthombo wamandla. [3]

Ungabona kanjani ukuthi amanzi afakwe ugesi?

Ngaphandle kombuzo wokuthi ugesi uhamba ibanga elingakanani emanzini, omunye umbuzo obalulekile ohlobene kungaba ukwazi ukuthi kuchazwa kanjani uma amanzi efakelwe ugesi.

iqiniso elipholile: Oshaka bangakwazi ukubona umehluko omncane njengo-1 volt amamayela ambalwa ukusuka emthonjeni kagesi.

Kodwa singakwazi kanjani ukuthi amandla ayageleza nhlobo?

Uma amanzi efakwe ugesi kakhulu, ungase ucabange ukuthi uzobona izinhlansi namabhawodi kuwo. Kodwa akunjalo. Ngeshwa, ngeke ubone lutho, ngakho awukwazi ukusho ngokubona amanzi. Ngaphandle kwethuluzi lokuhlola lamanje, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ukuthola ukuthi uzizwele, okungaba yingozi.

Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuhlola amanzi ukuthi awamanje yini.

Uma unedamu lamanzi ekhaya, ungasebenzisa idivayisi yokuxwayisa ngokushaqeka ngaphambi kokungena kulo. Idivayisi ikhanyisa ngokubomvu uma ithola ugesi emanzini. Nokho, esimweni esiphuthumayo, kungcono kakhulu ukuhlala kude nomthombo ngangokunokwenzeka.

Bheka ezinye zezihloko zethu ngezansi.

• Ingabe izibani zasebusuku zisebenzisa ugesi omningi
• Ingabe ugesi ungadlula ngokhuni
• I-nitrogen ihambisa ugesi

Izincomo

[1] YMCA. Iqoqo lemithetho yokusetshenziswa ngokuphephile kukagesi ngaphansi kwamanzi. I-IMCA D 045, R 015. Ithathwe ku-https://pdfcoffee.com/d045-pdf-free.html. 2010.

[2] BCHydro. Ibanga eliphephile ukusuka kuzintambo zikagesi eziphukile. Kubuyiswe kusukela ku-https://www.bchydro.com/safety-outages/electrical-safety/safe-distance.html.

[3] I-Reddit. Ugesi ungahamba ibanga elingakanani emanzini? Kubuyiswe ku-https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2wb16v/how_far_can_electricity_travel_through_water/.

Izixhumanisi zevidiyo

URosen Ubika: Ungawabona Kanjani I-Voltage Elahlekile Emachibini, Emachibini | NAMUHLA